O3

Since 2000, China has faced severe air pollution challenges，prompting the initiation of comprehensive emission control measures post-2013. The subsequent implementation of these measures has led to remarkable enhancements in air quality. This study aims to enhance our understanding of the long-term trends in fine particulate matter (PM2.5 ) and gaseous pollutants of ozone (O3 ) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2 ) across China from 2000 to 2020. Utilizing the Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) model, we conducted a nationwide analysis of air quality, systematically quantifying model predictions against observations for pollutants...

The occurrence of microplastics in water treatment plants poses a concern for the quality of treated water. When microplastics pass through water treatment plants, they can be oxidized, changing their surface characteristics and the quality of the treated water. This work aimed to investigate the impact of ozone and the association of ozone and hydrogen peroxide on five different microplastic particles that are commonly detected in water samples. The changes in the concentration of total organic carbon and the change in the pH of the water, the leaching of phthalic acid esters, as well as the changes in size and chemical changes in the structure of the tested microplastics were evaluated...

BACKGROUND: The association between long-term exposure to ozone (O3 ) and adult-onset asthma (AOA) remains inconclusive, and analysis of causality is lacking. OBJECTIVES: To examine the causal association between long-term O3 exposure and AOA. METHODS: A prospective cohort study of 362,098 participants was conducted using the UK Biobank study. Incident cases of AOA were identified using health administrative data of the National Health Services...

A lack of eco-friendly, highly active photocatalyst for peroxymonosulfate (PMS) activation and unclear environmental risks are significant challenges. Herein, we developed a double S-scheme Fe2 O3 /BiVO4 (110)/BiVO4 (010)/Fe2 O3 photocatalyst to activate PMS and investigated its impact on wheat seed germination. We observed an improvement in charge separation by depositing Fe2 O3 on the (010) and (110) surfaces of BiVO4 . This enhancement is attributed to the formation of a dual S-scheme charge transfer mechanism at the interfaces of Fe2 O3 /BiVO4 (110) and BiVO4 (010)/Fe2 O3 ...

Combination of oxidation processes are one of the most promising humic acid treatment technologies. Single oxidant or even two oxidants in advance oxidation process can hardly achieve satisfactory removal efficiency of refractory organic matter, mainly humic acid, in the treatment process of reverse osmosis concentrates from landfill leachate. To solve this problem, this study investigated the synergistic degradation of Humic acid (HA) using a Cu and Co supported on carbon catalyst (CuCo/C) in a Hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 ) with ozone (O3 ) system...

The incineration bottom ash (IBA) was impregnated with nickel to catalyze toluene (tar surrogate) steam reforming. A toluene conversion of >80 % was achieved at 800℃ without activity decay in a 100-h test for 15 %Ni/IBA. An activation stage was observed for Ni/IBA catalysts in the initial 50 ∼ 400 min under different reaction conditions. A series of experiments and characterizations were performed to explore the possible mechanisms for the activation. It was found that the iron species in IBA gradually migrated to the catalyst surface and formed a Ni-FeOx complex owing to the metal-support interaction...

Humans learn concepts both from labeled supervision and by unsupervised observation of patterns, a process machines are being taught to mimic by training on large annotated datasets-a method quite different from the human pathway, wherein few examples with no supervision suffice to induce an unfamiliar relational concept. We introduce a computational model designed to emulate human inductive reasoning on abstract reasoning tasks, such as those in IQ tests, using a minimax entropy approach. This method combines identifying the most effective constraints on data via minimum entropy with determining the best combination of them via maximum entropy...

In this study, we successfully synthesize palladium-decorated indium trioxide (Pd/In2 O3 ) hybrid nanoclusters (NCs) using an advanced dual-target cluster beam deposition (CBD) method, a significant stride in developing high-performance ethanol sensors. The prepared Pd/In2 O3 hybrid NCs exhibit exceptional sensitivity, stability, and selectivity to low concentrations of ethanol vapor, with a maximum response value of 101.2 at an optimal operating temperature of 260 °C for 6 at% Pd loading. The dynamic response of the Pd/In2 O3 -based sensor shows an increase in response with increasing ethanol vapor concentrations within the range of 50 to 1000 ppm...

This systematic review aims to identify the association between prenatal exposure to air pollutants and allergic diseases in children, focusing on specific pollutants, timing of exposure, and associated diseases. We searched PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science for English articles until May 1, 2023, examining maternal exposure to outdoor air pollutants (PM1 , PM2.5 , PM10 , NO, NO2 , SO2 , CO, and O3 ) during pregnancy and child allergic diseases (atopic dermatitis (AD), food allergy (FA), asthma (AT) and allergic rhinitis (AR)/hay fever (HF))...

ReaxFF is a computationally efficient model for reactive molecular dynamics simulations that has been applied to a wide variety of chemical systems. When ReaxFF parameters are not yet available for a chemistry of interest, they must be (re)optimized, for which one defines a set of training data that the new ReaxFF parameters should reproduce. ReaxFF training sets typically contain diverse properties with different units, some of which are more abundant (by orders of magnitude) than others. To find the best parameters, one conventionally minimizes a weighted sum of squared errors over all of the data in the training set...

NO x is an air pollutant that affects human health. A series of perovskite catalysts with different ratios of lanthanum, iron, and manganese and a three-dimensional ordered microporous structure was prepared, and the strongest catalytic performance was obtained with the LaFe0.1 Mn0.9 O3 catalyst. LaFe0.1 Mn0.9 O3 possesses the greatest number of oxygen vacancies and reached 77% NO oxidation conversion at 250 °C, with the highest NO oxidation conversion of 99% at 318 °C. This work provides a promising non-precious metal catalyst for NO oxidation and soot combustion...

Thermochemical water-splitting cycles are technically feasible for hydrogen production from water. However, the ultrahigh operation temperature and low efficiency seriously restrict their practical application. Herein, one-step and one-pot thermocatalytic water-splitting process is reported at water boiling condition catalyzed by single atomic Pt on defective In2 O3 . Water splitting into hydrogen is verified by D2 O isotopic experiment, with an optimized hydrogen production rate of 36.4 mmol·h-1 ·g-1 as calculated on Pt active sites...

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the association between air pollutants and the incidence of tuberculosis (TB) through a systematic review and meta-analysis, and to provide directions for future research and prevention of TB. METHODS: A search was conducted for all literature related to the incidence of TB and air pollution in the database. We screened the retrieved articles and proceeded statistical analyses using random effects models to investigate the relationships between five air pollutants (PM2...

A lot of solid waste coal gangue is produced every year in the process of coal mining and coal washing, which poses a great threat to human health. How to deal with coal gangue properly is still a serious problem. In this study the macro-micro composite porous mullite ceramic skeletons were successfully prepared using solid waste coal gangue and α-Al2 O3 as main raw materials via twice pore-forming technology. The main phase composition of the porous ceramic skeletons was mullite tested by X-ray Diffractometer (XRD)...

This study investigates the characteristics of the Ba0.67 Ni0.33 Mn1- x Fe x O3 perovskite compound, focusing on its structural and electrical aspects under varying Fe doping levels at the Mn-site ( x = 0, 0.2). X-ray diffraction patterns confirm the material's consistent structure, with Fe3+ ions substituting Mn3+ ions while maintaining their identical ionic radius. Nano-crystallinity studies reveal single-phase crystallization in the orthorhombic structure with space group Imma . Samples are prepared through conventional solid-state sintering...

The catalytic performance of a catalyst is significantly influenced by its ability to activate hydrogen. Constructing frustrated Lewis pairs (FLPs) with the capacity for hydrogen dissociation on non-reducible supports remains a formidable challenge. Herein, we employed a straightforward method to synthesize a layered AlOOH featuring abundant OH defects suitable for constructing solid surface frustrated Lewis pair (ssFLP). The results indicated that the AlOOH-80 (synthesized at 80 °C) possessed an appropriate crystalline structure conducive to generating numerous OH defects, which facilitated the formation of ssFLP...

The catalytic coconversion of glycerol and toluene (93/7 wt %) over a technical H-ZSM-5/Al2 O3 (60-40 wt %) catalyst was studied, aiming for enhanced production of biobased benzene, toluene, and xylenes (bio-BTX). When using glycerol/toluene cofeed with a mass ratio of 93/7 wt %, a peak BTX carbon yield of 29.7 ± 1.1 C.% (at time on stream (TOS) of 1.5-2.5 h), and an overall BTX carbon yield of 28.7 C.% (during TOS of 8.5 h) were obtained, which are considerably higher than those (19.1 ± 0.4 C.% and 11...

BACKGROUND: The relationships between maternal genetic and environmental exposure and conotruncal heart defects (CTDs) have been extensively investigated. Nevertheless, there is limited knowledge regarding the impact of ozone (O3 ) on the risk of CTDs. OBJECTIVE: To explore the correlation between maternal exposure to O3 and CTDs in China. METHODS: Pregnant women who underwent fetal echocardiography at Beijing Anzhen Hospital between January 2013 and December 2021 were enrolled...

BACKGROUND: Long-term ozone (O3 ) exposure has been associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality in mounting cohort evidence, yet its relationship with incident CVD was poorly understood, especially in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) experiencing high ambient air pollution. METHODS: We carried out a nationwide perspective cohort study from 2010 through 2018 by dynamically enrolling 36985 participates across Chinese mainland. Warm-season (April-September) O3 concentrations were estimated using satellite-based machine-learning models with national coverage...

Pyrolysis can effectively convert waste tires into high-value products. However, the sulfur-containing compounds in pyrolysis oil and gas would significantly reduce the environmental and economic feasibility of this technology. Here, the desulfurization and upgrade of waste tire pyrolysis oil and gas were performed by adding different metal oxides (Fe2 O3 , CuO, and CaO). Results showed that Fe2 O3 exhibited the highest removal efficiency of 87.7 % for the sulfur-containing gas at 600 °C with an outstanding removal efficiency of 99...