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REVIEW
Giulio Tosti, Francesca Pepe, Patrizia Gnagnarella, Flavia Silvestri, Aurora Gaeta, Paola Queirolo, Sara Gandini
BACKGROUND: Nicotinamide is the active form of vitamin B3 (niacin) obtained through endogenous synthesis, mainly through tryptophan metabolism and dietary supplements, fish, meats, grains, and dairy products. It participates in cellular energy metabolism and modulates multiple cellular survival and death pathways. Nicotinamide has been widely studied as a safe chemopreventive agent that reduces actinic keratosis (AKs) and non-melanoma skin cancers (NMSC). METHODS: We used the Medline, EMBASE, PubMed, and Cochrane databases to search the concepts "nicotinamide", "chemoprevention", and "skin cancer" up to August 2023...
December 27, 2023: Nutrients
#22
M Burotto, Z Zvirbule, A Mochalova, Y Runglodvatana, L Herraez-Baranda, S N Liu, P Chan, E Shearer-Kang, X Liu, N Tosti, J A Zanghi, B Leutgeb, E Felip
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
January 8, 2024: Annals of Oncology: Official Journal of the European Society for Medical Oncology
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Christos Thomadakis, Ilias Gountas, Erika Duffell, Konstantinos Gountas, Benjamin Bluemel, Thomas Seyler, Filippo Maria Pericoli, Irene Kászoni-Rückerl, Ziad El-Khatib, Martin Busch, Irene Schmutterer, Thomas Vanwolleghem, Sofieke Klamer, Els Plettinckx, Laure Mortgat, Dominique Van Beckhoven, Tonka Varleva, Mirjana Lana Kosanovic Licina, Tatjana Nemeth Blazic, Diana Nonković, Fanitsa Theophanous, Vratislav Nemecek, Marek Maly, Peer Brehm Christensen, Susan Cowan, Kristi Rüütel, Henrikki Brummer-Korvenkontio, Cécile Brouard, Gyde Steffen, Amrei Krings, Sandra Dudareva, Ruth Zimmermann, Georgia Nikolopoulou, Zsuzsanna Molnár, Emese Kozma, Magnús Gottfredsson, Niamh Murphy, Loreta A Kondili, Maria Elena Tosti, Anna Rita Ciccaglione, Barbara Suligoi, Raina Nikiforova, Renate Putnina, Ligita Jancoriene, Carole Seguin-Devaux, Tanya Melillo, Anders Boyd, Marc van der Valk, Eline Op de Coul, Robert Whittaker, Hilde Kløvstad, Małgorzata Stępień, Magdalena Rosińska, Cristina Valente, Rui Tato Marinho, Odette Popovici, Mária Avdičová, Jana Kerlik, Irena Klavs, Mojca Maticic, Asuncion Diaz, Julia Del Amo, Josefine Lundberg Ederth, Maria Axelsson, Georgios Nikolopoulos
BACKGROUND: Epidemiological data are crucial to monitoring progress towards the 2030 Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) elimination targets. Our aim was to estimate the prevalence of chronic HCV infection (cHCV) in the European Union (EU)/European Economic Area (EEA) countries in 2019. METHODS: Multi-parameter evidence synthesis (MPES) was used to produce national estimates of cHCV defined as: π = πrec ρrec + πex ρex + πnon ρnon ; πrec , πex , and πnon represent cHCV prevalence among recent people who inject drugs (PWID), ex-PWID, and non-PWID, respectively, while ρrec , ρex , and ρnon represent the proportions of these groups in the population...
January 2024: The Lancet regional health. Europe
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Alexander J Adams, Nicolas Dohse, Andrew Miller, Rick Tosti
Background Patients acutely infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) may have increased risk for postsurgical pulmonary complications and mortality, particularly with general anesthesia. Surgery is often delayed to mitigate risk; however, excessive delays may result in morbidity. Optimal criteria for delaying surgery in patients with or without symptoms are unknown. This study aimed to evaluate any complications following hand surgery in patients testing positive for SARS-CoV-2...
December 2023: Journal of Hand and Microsurgery
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Giovanni Bonanno, Luca Zampieri, Giampiero Naletto, Lorenzo Paoletti, Giuseppe Romeo, Pietro Bruno, Alessandro Grillo, Gianfranco Occhipinti, Maria Cristina Timpanaro, Carmelo Gargano, Michele Fiori, Gabriele Rodeghiero, Giovanni Pareschi, Salvatore Scuderi, Gino Tosti
The ASTRI Mini-Array is an international collaboration led by the Italian National Institute for Astrophysics (INAF) that will operate nine telescopes to perform Cherenkov and optical stellar intensity interferometry (SII) observations. At the focal plane of these telescopes, we are planning to install a stellar intensity interferometry instrument. Here we present the selected design, based on Silicon Photomultiplier (SiPM) detectors matching the telescope point spread function together with dedicated front-end electronics...
December 15, 2023: Sensors
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Vasileios Bampidis, Giovanna Azimonti, Maria de Lourdes Bastos, Henrik Christensen, Mojca Durjava, Birgit Dusemund, Maryline Kouba, Marta López-Alonso, Secundino López Puente, Francesca Marcon, Baltasar Mayo, Alena Pechová, Mariana Petkova, Fernando Ramos, Roberto Edoardo Villa, Ruud Woutersen, Gabriele Aquilina, Henriqueta Louro, Luca Tosti, Montserrat Anguita, Jaume Galobart, Orsolya Holczknecht, Jordi Ortuño, Matteo Innocenti
Following a request from the European Commission, EFSA was asked to deliver a scientific opinion on the safety and efficacy of the mixture of Sepiolite and Kieselguhr (diatomaceous earth) (Anpro) as a technological feed additive for all terrestrial animal species. According to the conventional risk assessment, due to lack of adequate data, the safety of the additive Anpro for the target species cannot be established. Based on current knowledge, there is no indication of substantial absorption of the components of the additive and therefore no concern for the consumer...
December 2023: EFSA journal
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Advaitaa Ravipati, Michael Randolph, Waleed Al-Salhi, Antonella Tosti
Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) is an antimalarial that is utilized to treat a range of dermatologic and autoimmune disorders. With its ability to alter immunologic mechanisms, it has been used to slow or halt the progression of hair loss in conditions secondary to autoimmune dysfunction. Lichen planopilaris (LPP), frontal fibrosing alopecia (FFA), and alopecia areata (AA) are hair disorders with underlying autoimmune components and no standardized treatment guidelines. We summarized the available literature on the use of HCQ to treat LPP, FFA, and AA...
December 2023: Skin Appendage Disorders
#28
REVIEW
Aditya K Gupta, Tong Wang, Elizabeth A Cooper, Richard C Summerbell, Vincent Piguet, Antonella Tosti, Bianca Maria Piraccini
Nondermatophyte moulds (NDMs) are widely distributed and can be detected in association with mycotic nails; however, sometimes it can be challenging to establish the role of NDMs in the pathogenesis of onychomycosis (i.e. causative vs. contaminant). In studies where the ongoing invasive presence of NDMs is confirmed through repeat cultures, the global prevalence of NDMs in onychomycosis patients is estimated at 6.9% with the 3 most common genus being: Aspergillus, Scopulariopsis and Fusarium. NDM onychomycosis can, in many cases, appear clinically indistinguishable from dermatophyte onychomycosis...
November 27, 2023: Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology: JEADV
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Franco Dominici, Debora Puglia, Francesca Luzi, Catia Governatori, Giacomo Tosti, Paolo Benincasa
The mechanical performance of thermoplastic bulk samples obtained by plasticizing wheat flours differing in grain hardness, alveographic parameters, absence or presence of bran, and grinding level was assessed. Grains of four bread wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars (Altamira, Aubusson, Blasco, and Bologna) were milled with the aim of producing single-cultivar refined flour (R), or wholegrain flour with fine (F) or coarse (C) grinding. The flours were plasticized, injection molded and tested for tensile properties...
November 10, 2023: Polymers
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Gabriel T Bedard, Nord Gilaj, Karina Peregrina, Isabella Brew, Elena Tosti, Karl Shaffer, Peter C Tyler, Winfried Edelmann, Leonard H Augenlicht, Vern L Schramm
Homozygous 5'-methylthioadenosine phosphorylase (MTAP) deletions occur in approximately 15% of human cancers. Co-deletion of MTAP and methionine adenosyltransferase 2 alpha (MAT2a) induces a synthetic lethal phenotype involving protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5) inhibition. MAT2a inhibitors are now in clinical trials for genotypic MTAP-/- cancers, however the MTAP-/- genotype represents fewer than 2% of human colorectal cancers (CRCs), limiting the utility of MAT2a inhibitors in these and other MTAP+/+ cancers...
November 22, 2023: Journal of Biological Chemistry
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Vincent Lau, Rick Tosti, Michael Rivlin
Distal radius fractures are common injuries that often require surgical intervention. Commonly, these fractures are fixed using open reduction internal fixation with plating and screws. This often requires a more extensive soft tissue dissection and exposure. In contrast for certain cases, percutaneous headless compression screws may be appropriate. We present a technique for minimally invasive arthroscopic-assisted reduction and percutaneous screw fixation with an extremity traction device. A case is provided to demonstrate the technique as a viable option for the treatment of intra-articular distal radius fractures...
November 16, 2023: Techniques in Hand & Upper Extremity Surgery
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Maria Carmela Annunziata, Antonella Tosti, Davide Fattore, Luca Potestio, Austin John Maddy, Gabriella Fabbrocini
INTRODUCTION: Chemotherapy-induced alopecia (CIA) can seriously affect the quality of life of cancer patients. Trichoscopic patterns and confocal microscopy (RCM) features of CIA have been scarcely studied. This study aimed to investigate the dermoscopic and RCM features of CIA in 19 females and 5 males, with CIA due to current or recent chemotherapy. METHODS: Patients with CIA and current or recent (within 2 months) history of chemotherapy treatment were enrolled...
October 2023: Skin Appendage Disorders
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Enza Cece, Pierre Meyrat, Enza Torino, Olivier Verdier, Massimiliano Colarieti-Tosti
The detection of cancer lesions of a comparable size to that of the typical system resolution of modern scanners is a long-standing problem in Positron Emission Tomography. In this paper, the effect of composing an image-registering convolutional neural network with the modeling of the static data acquisition (i.e., the forward model) is investigated. Two algorithms for Positron Emission Tomography reconstruction with motion and attenuation correction are proposed and their performance is evaluated in the detectability of small pulmonary lesions...
October 20, 2023: Journal of Imaging
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Vasileios Bampidis, Giovanna Azimonti, Maria de Lourdes Bastos, Henrik Christensen, Mojca Durjava, Birgit Dusemund, Maryline Kouba, Marta López-Alonso, Secundino López Puente, Francesca Marcon, Baltasar Mayo, Alena Pechová, Mariana Petkova, Fernando Ramos, Roberto Edoardo Villa, Ruud Woutersen, Paul Brantom, Luca Tosti, Orsolya Holczknecht, Matteo Lorenzo Innocenti, Paola Manini, Maria Vittoria Vettori, Fabiola Pizzo
Following a request from the European Commission, EFSA was asked to deliver a scientific opinion on the assessment of the application for renewal of niacin (nicotinic acid) as a nutritional additive for use in all animal species. The applicant has provided evidence that the additive currently on the market complies with the existing conditions of authorisation. There is no new evidence that would lead the FEEDAP Panel to reconsider its previous conclusions. Thus, the Panel concludes that the additive remains safe for all animal species, consumers and the environment under the authorised conditions of use...
October 2023: EFSA journal
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Vasileios Bampidis, Giovanna Azimonti, Maria de Lourdes Bastos, Henrik Christensen, Mojca Durjava, Birgit Dusemund, Maryline Kouba, Marta López Alonso, Secundino López Puente, Francesca Marcon, Baltasar Mayo, Alena Pechová, Mariana Petkova, Fernando Ramos, Roberto Edoardo Villa, Ruud Woutersen, Paul Brantom, Luca Tosti, Orsolya Holczknecht, Matteo Lorenzo Innocenti, Paola Manini, Maria Vittoria Vettori, Fabiola Pizzo
Following a request from the European Commission, EFSA was asked to deliver a scientific opinion on the assessment of the application for renewal of niacinamide as a nutritional additive for use in all animal species. The applicant has provided evidence that the additive currently on the market complies with the existing conditions of authorisation. There is no new evidence that would lead the FEEDAP Panel to reconsider its previous conclusions. Thus, the Panel concludes that the additive remains safe for all animal species, consumers and the environment under the authorised conditions of use...
October 2023: EFSA journal
#36
REVIEW
Eleonora Rosi, Alessandro Crippa, Marco Pozzi, Stefano De Francesco, Mariachiara Fioravanti, Maddalena Mauri, Massimo Molteni, Luisa Morello, Luca Tosti, Francesca Metruccio, Emilio Clementi, Maria Nobile
Although heritability estimates suggest a role for genetic components, environmental risk factors have been described as relevant in the etiology of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Several studies have investigated the role of toxicological pollution, i.e., air pollution, heavy metals, POPs, and phthalates. Clear evidence for association of ADHD and environmental factors has not been provided yet. To answer this, we have assessed all available systematic reviews and meta-analyses that focused on the association between pollutant exposure and either ADHD diagnosis or symptoms...
October 12, 2023: Environmental Science and Pollution Research International
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Antonella Tosti
Alopecia areata (AA), an autoimmune disorder of hair follicles, results in varying degrees of scalp, facial, and body hair loss. In addition, it is associated with profound psychosocial and quality-of-life impairments, which can lead to anxiety and depression. The clinical course is unpredictable, with spontaneous remissions and relapses. There is no cure, and current treatments are limited by their efficacy, safety, and high relapse rates after discontinuation. This article reviews clinician and patient perspectives on AA, based on clinician and physician surveys, and discusses the unmet needs and gaps in care...
October 1, 2023: Journal of Drugs in Dermatology: JDD
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Susan Taylor, Neil J Korman, Tsen-Fang Tsai, Yutaka Shimomura, Meghan Feely, Yves Dutronc, Wen-Shuo Wu, Najwa Somani, Antonella Tosti
BACKGROUND: Baricitinib, an oral selective JAK1/JAK2 inhibitor, is approved for the treatment of adults with severe alopecia areata (AA). OBJECTIVE: To evaluate differences in response up to week 52 among subgroups based on the baseline severity of AA assessed with the Severity of Alopecia Tool (SALT) score. METHODS: Data were pooled from BRAVE-AA1 and BRAVE-AA2, two randomized, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trials, which enrolled adults with a SALT score ≥ 50...
September 23, 2023: Dermatology and Therapy
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Caralin Schneider, Natalie M Williams, Brian W Morrison, Antonella Tosti
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
August 31, 2023: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Alessandra Gallo, Carola Murano, Rosaria Notariale, Davide Caramiello, Elisabetta Tosti, Stefano Cecchini Gualandi, Raffaele Boni
The functioning of the immune and reproductive systems is crucial for the fitness and survival of species and is strongly influenced by the environment. To evaluate the effects of short-term heat stress (HS) on these systems, confirming and deepening previous studies, female sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus were exposed for 7 days to 17 °C, 23 and 28 °C. Several biomarkers were detected such as the ferric reducing power (FRAP), ABTS-based total antioxidant capacity (TAC-ABTS), nitric oxide metabolites (NOx ), total thiol levels (TTL), myeloperoxidase (MPO) and protease (PA) activities in the coelomic fluid (CF) and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), H2 O2 content and intracellular pH (pHi ) in eggs and coelomocytes, in which TAC-ABTS and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) were also analyzed...
August 4, 2023: Biomolecules
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