synchronous ovarian and endometrial cancer

OBJECTIVE: We aimed to elucidate the pathogenesis of ovarian cancer through the loss of mismatch repair (MMR) proteins in women with Lynch syndrome (LS) in this report. CASE REPORT: Two women with LS underwent surgery for synchronous endometrial cancer and ovarian cancer. In both cases, immunohistochemical examination showed concomitant MMR protein deficiency in endometrial cancer, ovarian cancer, and contiguous ovarian endometriosis. In Case 1, the macroscopically normal ovary included multiple endometrioses with MSH2 and MSH6 expression, and FIGO grade 1 endometrioid carcinoma and contiguous endometriosis without MSH2 and MSH6 expression...

Ovarian stromal hyperthecosis is an uncommon nonneoplastic cause of ovarian hyperandrogenism mainly in postmenopausal women. Here, we present a case of a postmenopausal woman who presented with features of virilization like alopecia and hirsutism. During its workup, two malignancies were diagnosed at a very early stage. Microscopic focus of endometrial adenocarcinoma in a polyp and similar focus of endocervical adenocarcinoma in the subsequent hysterectomy specimen were noted. Presence of synchronous malignancies in the uterus is very rare and it being detected in a patient who presented with a non-related symptom of hairfall makes it an interesting case scenario...

BACKGROUND: Successful pregnancy outcome in women with synchronous ovarian and endometrial cancers is very rare. We report successful pregnancy outcome in a young woman managed conservatively for synchronous endometrial and ovarian cancer. CASE PRESENTATION: Thirty years old nulliparous lady presented following exploratory laparotomy, left salpingo-oophorectomy and hysteroscopic polypectomy for left adnexal mass. Histology revealed endometrioid carcinoma of left ovary and moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma in the resected polyp...

BACKGROUND/AIM: Endometriosis is a common disorder in reproductive-age women leading to a broad range of symptoms and is associated with a higher risk for endometrioid ovarian carcinoma. CASE REPORT: We report the case of a 55 year-old woman with previously undiagnosed endometriosis presenting with a large mediastinal cancer of unknown primary (CUP) and synchronous Union Internationale Contre le Cancer (UICC) stage II rectal adenocarcinoma. Histopathologically the mediastinal tumor resembled endometrial carcinoma and laparoscopically endometriotic lesions on the patient's peritoneum were detected...

BACKGROUND: Endometriosis is a common gynecological disorder that affects women of reproductive age. It is characterized by a cancer-like invasion of the extra-uterine endometrium and exhibits a strong association with ovarian clear cell cancer and endometrioid cancer. Endometriosis-associated fallopian tube endometrioid adenocarcinoma synchronized with endometrial adenocarcinoma was rarely reported. CASE SUMMARY: A 49-year-old woman was referred to our hospital complaining about abnormal vaginal bleeding for three years following unsatisfactory medication...

Endometrial cancer in transgender men is rare, and its histopathologic features remain unknown. A 30-yr-old transgender man with an intrauterine tumor, an ovarian mass, and a 2-yr history of testosterone use was referred to us for treatment. The presence of the tumors was confirmed via imaging, and the intrauterine tumor was identified as an endometrial endometrioid carcinoma via endometrial biopsy. The patient underwent hysterectomy, bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, omentectomy, and lymph node dissection. Pathologic examination revealed grade 3 endometrioid endometrial carcinoma, and the synchronous endometrial and ovarian tumors were collectively characterized as primary endometrial carcinoma...

A 32-year-old woman of child-bearing age who initially underwent surgical laparoscopy for suspected ruptured ectopic pregnancy with elevated serum β-human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) levels was unexpectedly found to have histologically diagnosed synchronous ovarian and endometrial endometrioid adenocarcinoma. She subsequently underwent another full completion staging surgery and adjuvant chemotherapy as she was unsuitable for fertility-sparing surgery. An elevated serum β-hCG level accompanied by clinical signs of acute abdominal pain, per vaginal bleeding, ultrasound features of abdominal free fluid in the pelvis and an adnexal mass warrants a high clinical suspicion for a ruptured ectopic pregnancy...

OBJECTIVE: Investigating for mismatch repair protein deficiency (MMRd), microsatellite instability (MSI), and Lynch syndrome (LS) is widely accepted in endometrial cancer, but knowledge is limited on its value in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). The primary objective was to evaluate the prevalence of mismatch repair protein deficiency (MMRd), microsatellite instability (MSI)-high, and Lynch syndrome (LS) in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC), as well as the diagnostic accuracy of LS screening tests...

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Background and Objectives : We aimed to evaluate Progression Free Survival (PFS), Overall Survival (OS), and relapse rate in women affected by endometrioid ovarian cancer and synchronous endometrial-ovarian endometrioid cancer (SEO-EC). As secondary outcome, we assessed whether systematic pelvic and para-aortic lymphadenectomy could be considered a determinant of relapse rate in this population. Materials and Methods : We performed a retrospective analysis of women with diagnosis of endometrioid ovarian cancer or SEO-EC between January 2010 to September 2020, and calculated PFS, OS and relapse rate...

INTRODUCTION: Endometrial cancer is one of the most common malignancies affecting women. It is uncommonly diagnosed in young women, particularly in the absence of abnormal vaginal bleeding symptoms. CASE PRESENTATION: A 28-year-old woman was referred to our department with lower abdominal pain. Transvaginal ultrasound showed a complex right adnexal mass with mixed echogenicity. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) identified a right-sided, torted, cystic solid ovarian mass, and a polypoid lesion in the uterine cavity...

OBJECTIVE: Elucidation of clonal origin of synchronous endometrial and ovarian cancers (SEOs). METHODS: We reviewed 852 patients who diagnosed endometrial and/or ovarian cancer. Forty-five (5.3%) patients were diagnosed as SEOs. We evaluated blood and tissue samples from 17 patients. We analyzed the clonal origins of 41 samples from 17 patients by gene sequencing, mismatch microsatellite instability (MSI) polymerase chain reaction assay and immunohistochemical (IHC) staining of 4 repair genes...

Endometrial endometrioid type cancer is a common gynaecological cancer for which the standard surgical management includes hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy. The value of oophorectomy is to remove occult ovarian disease. It is estimated that 5 % of low grade endometrioid adenocarcinoma will have concurrent ovarian involvement (3 % synchronous tumours, 2 % ovarian metastases), of which only 1 % will be microscopic. Ovarian preservation at the time of surgery can be considered, especially in early-stage disease or premenopausal women...

Synchronous gynecological malignancies are rarely encountered, with a growing tide to recognize these primary tumors. However, the most observed synchronous gynecological malignancies remain ovarian and endometrial cancer. This case report presents a 35-year-old female who presented to her gynecologist with lower back pain and dysuria. Transvaginal ultrasound demonstrated a 3-4 cm irregular mass in the cervix and lower uterine segment. Pathology from cold knife conization and endometrial curetting showed serous adenocarcinoma with probable lymphovascular invasion...

BACKGROUND: The aim of the present study was to assess the prevalence of deficient mismatch repair (MMR) in Chinese ovarian clear cell carcinoma (CCC) patients and its association with clinicopathologic features. METHODS: Immunohistochemistry with four antibodies against MLH1, PMS2, MSH2 and MSH6 was performed on whole section slides, and the results were correlated with clinicopathologic variables. RESULTS: A total of 108 cases were included in the present study with a median age of 52 years at first diagnosis...

Lynch syndrome (LS) is an autosomal dominant cancer syndrome. It can be caused by mutations of several genes, including MLH1, MSH2, MSH6, PMS2, MLH3 and MSH3, which are responsible for DNA mismatch repair, and LS affects 3-5% of patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). LS is associated with a high risk of cancer in several different locations, although the most commonly affected regions are the colon (20-70% risk), endometrium (15-70% risk), stomach (6-13% risk) and ovaries (4-12% risk). In the present report, the familial case of LS with a detected pathogenic variant in the MSH2 gene is described...

Endometriosis is a benign condition characterized by the presence of ectopic endometrial tissue. It is still debated whether endometriosis is a disease that can predispose to the pathogenesis of endometrial cancer outside the uterus. Deficiencies in mismatch repair (MMR) genes are a known risk factor for developing endometrioid cancer. Starting from two cases of patients with abnormal MMR endometrioid carcinoma of the uterus and synchronous endometrioid carcinoma in non-ovarian and ovarian endometriosis, we performed a somatic mutation profile and phylogenetic analysis of the lesions in order to identify if they were metastasis or primary de novo tumors...

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the prevalence and oncologic outcomes of patients with multiple primary malignant tumors (MPMT) with gynecologic cancer. METHODS: This retrospective study included 1929 patients diagnosed with gynecologic cancer at a tertiary medical center between August 2005 and April 2021. The clinical data included cancer location, age at primary malignancy diagnosis, interval between primary and secondary cancer, stage of cancer, family history of cancer, genetic testing, dates of last follow-up, recurrence, and death...

Metastatic tumors account for 5-10% of all ovarian malignancies. They are usually bilateral tumors with a multinodular surface and extensive extra ovarian spread. Lung cancer is a rare source (0.3% of metastatic ovarian tumors). Among synchronous primary cancers, ovarian cancer is most frequently associated with endometrial cancer. The differential diagnosis between a primary ovarian carcinoma, synchronous primary cancers, and metastatic ovarian carcinoma is very important, as the treatment and prognosis are markedly different...

BACKGROUND: Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is an extremely aggressive and lethal carcinoma. Specific data that identify high-risk groups with uterine involvement are not available. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate a gross number of women with EOC to obtain the frequency of uterine involvement and its risk factors. METHODS: This retrospective observational study was conducted on 1900 histologically confirmed EOC women, diagnosed and treated in our tertiary hospital from March 2009 to September 2020...