Treatment emergent

METHODS: This study was designed as a cross-sectional, observational, retrospective study. The variables of the study were paracetamol overdose, demographic information, poisoning mechanisms, clinical, laboratory findings, and clinical progression of the cases. The cases compared in whom treatment was initiated within the first 8 hours after poisoning and those in whom it was not. χ2, t test, and logistic regression analyses were conducted at appropriate facilities. RESULTS: Three hundred forty-eight cases were included in the study...

The treatment for recurrent/metastatic (R/M) head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) with immune checkpoint inhibitors (anti-PD1) with or without chemotherapy has led to an improvement in survival. Yet, despite this therapeutic advancement, only 15%-19% of patients remain alive at four years, highlighting the poor survival and unmet need for improved therapies for this patient population. Some of the key evolving novel therapeutics beyond anti-PD1 in R/M HNSCC have included therapeutic vaccine therapies, bispecific antibodies/fusion proteins and multitargeted kinase inhibitors, and antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs)...

Circadian clock perturbation frequently occurs in cancer and facilitates tumor progression by regulating malignant growth and shaping the immune microenvironment. Emerging evidence has indicated that clock genes are disrupted in melanoma and linked to immune escape. Here, we found that the expression of retinoic acid receptor-related orphan receptor-α (RORA) is downregulated in melanoma patients and that patients with higher RORA expression have a better prognosis after immunotherapy. Additionally, RORA was significantly positively correlated with T-cell infiltration and recruitment...

INTRODUCTION: Acute myelomonocytic leukemia is a type of acute myeloid leukemia with monocytic expansion. Both the disease and its treatment can be immunocompromising. Immunocompromised patients are more susceptible to infections, such as Fournier's gangrene, a rare necrotizing infection of the groin. CASE PRESENTATION: A 56-year-old male presented to the emergency department with abdominal pain, leukocytosis, and perineal ecchymosis. Overnight, his perineal discoloration and tenderness worsened...

PURPOSE: Treatment paradigms for Isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) mutant gliomas are rapidly evolving. While typically indolent and responsive to initial treatment, these tumors invariably recur at higher grade and require salvage treatment. Homozygous deletion of the tumor suppressor gene CDKN2A/B frequently emerges at recurrence in these tumors, driving poor patient outcome. We investigated the effect of CDK-Rb pathway blockade on IDH-mutant glioma growth in vitro and in vivo using CDK4/6 inhibitors (CDKi)...

Ambulance services around the world vary according to regional, cultural and socioeconomic conditions. Many countries apply different health policies locally. In Turkey, transportation from hospital to home has started to form an important part of ambulance services in recent years. The increase in the number of patients whose treatment has been completed and waiting to be referred may hinder the work of the emergency services. The aim of this study was to examine the costs, indications, and impact on workload of patients sent home by ambulance...

The emergence of carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) has significant challenges to human health and clinical treatment, with KPC-2-producing CRKP being the predominant epidemic strain. Therefore, there is an urgent need to identify new therapeutic targets and strategies. Non-coding small RNA (sRNA) is a post-transcriptional regulator of genes involved in important biological processes in bacteria and represents an emerging therapeutic strategy for antibiotic-resistant bacteria. In this study, we analyzed the transcription profile of KPC-2-producing CRKP using RNA-seq...

The use of physiotherapy (PT) in the hospital emergency department (ED) has shown positive results including improvements in patient waiting time, treatment initiation, discharge type, patient outcomes, safety and acceptability of the intervention by medical staffs. These findings originate from studies that primarily focus on musculoskeletal and orthopaedic conditions. Despite a significant number of people visiting the ED, there is a shortage of literature evaluating PT in the ED for elderly populations. The objective of this study is the evaluate the effect of delivering PT in the ED (versus no delivery) in patients aged 75 and over with 'falls' complaints...

Emerging data supporting the rise of perioperative immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) as a standard of care in the treatment of early stage, surgically resectable non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) dominated the NSCLC news in 2023. Adjuvant pembrolizumab became the second adjuvant ICI to receive US Food and Drug Administration approval in early 2023 after the 2021 approval of adjuvant atezolizumab and the 2022 approval of neoadjuvant nivolumab with chemotherapy. Subsequently in 2023, multiple phase 3 trials examining perioperative ICIs were positive and demonstrated clinically meaningful outcomes by prolonging event-free survival, improving pathologic complete response rates, and trending toward improved overall survival in most...

BACKGROUND: Alpha-gal syndrome is an emerging allergy characterized by an immune reaction to the carbohydrate molecule alpha-gal found in red meat. This unique food allergy is likely triggered by a tick bite. Cases of the allergy are on the rise, but prevalence estimates do not currently exist. Furthermore, varying symptoms and limited awareness of the allergy among health care providers contribute to delayed diagnosis, leading individuals to seek out their own information and potentially self-diagnose...

IMPORTANCE: Patients with high bleeding risk (HBR) have a poor prognosis, and it is not known if they may benefit from complete revascularization after myocardial infarction (MI). OBJECTIVE: To investigate the benefit of physiology-guided complete revascularization vs a culprit-only strategy in patients with HBR, MI, and multivessel disease. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This was a prespecified analysis of the Functional Assessment in Elderly MI Patients With Multivessel Disease (FIRE) randomized clinical trial data...

The purpose is to analyze the prevalence of intestinal infection in patients with pneumonia in intensive care units (ICU) and the impact of intestinal infection on the prognosis of patients with pneumonia, so as to explore the bidirectional association between pneumonia and intestinal infection. The study aims to investigate the correlation between the occurrence of pneumonia and intestinal infection among patients in the ICU, utilizing the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care IV (MIMIC-IV) database, as well as the impact of intestinal infection on the prognosis of pneumonia patients...

Despite enormous advances in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases, including I/R injury and heart failure, heart diseases remain a leading cause of mortality worldwide. Inositol-requiring enzyme 1 (IRE1) is an evolutionarily conserved sensor endoplasmic reticulum (ER) transmembrane protein that senses ER stress. It manages ER stress induced by the accumulation of unfolded/misfolded proteins via the unfolded protein response (UPR). However, if the stress still persists, the UPR pathways are activated and induce cell death...

INTRODUCTION: About one-fifth of cannabis users, the most commonly used illicit substance, have cannabis use disorder (CUD). Psychiatric disorders and suicide are more common in these patients, and the disability-adjusted life years were reported to be 0.69 million. Pharmacotherapy for CUD is an unmet public health need, as current evidence-based therapies have limited efficacy. AREAS COVERED: After explaining the pathophysiology of CUD, the effects of emerging pharmacological interventions in its treatment obtained from randomized controlled trials were reviewed in light of mechanisms of action...

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PURPOSE: Sexual and gender minority (SGM) cancer survivors have poorer psychosocial health than their heterosexual cisgender counterparts. Nevertheless, most research has focused on breast and prostate survivors. It is unknown how different gastrointestinal (GI) cancers affect the psychosocial well-being of SGM individuals. We (1) described the psychosocial health of SGM people with GI cancers and (2) identified differences in psychosocial health outcomes by cancer type. METHODS: We conducted a concurrent mixed-methods secondary analysis with identical samples (n = 295) using data from "OUT: The National Cancer Survey...

PURPOSE: To assess the effectiveness of tocilizumab in reverting the signs and symptoms of dysthyroid optic neuropathy (DON) in thyroid eye disease and the need for emergency orbital decompression. The secondary outcomes are to identify the optimal number of tocilizumab cycles to achieve the primary outcome, to analyze the association between thyroid stimulating immunoglobulin (TSI), clinical activity score (CAS) and proptosis in response to the treatment and the need for rehabilitative orbital decompression...

BACKGROUND: Neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a common gastrointestinal emergency in neonates. MiRNA-192-5p was found associated with ulcerative colitis (UC) progression, also with aberrant expression in intestinal cancer tissue. However, the effects of miRNA-192-5p on NEC have not been reported. METHODS: Based on the bioinformatics analysis of the GEO dataset, miR-192-5p was identified as the differentially expressed miRNA in NEC, and activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule (ALCAM) was predicted as its target...

A prospective clinical pilot study was carried out to evaluate a novel macroimplant design with a 12° angled platform. The implant is placed at the center of the socket, optimizing all the alveolar bone. In addition, the prosthetic emergence should be ideal, as it is corrected and emerges through the cingulate area. Twelve patients were enrolled in an immediate implant placement procedure with immediate aesthetic rehabilitation to replace an anterior maxillary tooth, and were treated with inverted body-shift design with 12° angled neck...

The occurrence and progression of tumors are often accompanied by disruptions in the gut microbiota. Inversely, the impact of the gut microbiota on the initiation and progression of cancer is becoming increasingly evident, influencing the tumor microenvironment (TME) for both local and distant tumors. Moreover, it is even suggested to play a significant role in the process of tumor immunotherapy, contributing to high specificity in therapeutic outcomes and long-term effectiveness across various cancer types...