irap

Transposon elements (TEs) are mobile genetic elements that can insert themselves into new locations and modify the plant genome. In recent years, they have been used as molecular markers in plant breeding programs. TE-based molecular markers (TE-markers) are divided into two categories depending on the transcription mechanism of the TEs. The first category is retrotransposon-based molecular markers, which include RBIP, IRAP, REMAP, and iPBS. The second group is DNA-based-TE-markers, which include MITE, TE-junction, and CACTA TE-markers...

BACKGROUND: Despite the high prevalence of osteoarthritis (OA), there remains a need for additional therapeutic options. Cellular therapies with minimally manipulated cells such as bone marrow aspirate concentrates (BMAC) are increasingly popular in the U.S. but clear-cut evidence of efficacy has not been established. In theory, BMAC injections provide a source of stromal cells to stimulate healing in OA and ligamentous injuries; however, BMAC injections are also often associated with inflammation, short-term pain, and mobility impairment...

Cell surface receptor internalization can either terminate signaling or activate alternative endosomal signaling pathways. We investigated here whether endosomal signaling is involved in the function of the human receptors for Fc immunoglobulin fragments (FcRs): FcαRI, FcγRIIA, and FcγRI. All these receptors were internalized after their cross-linking with receptor-specific antibodies, but their intracellular trafficking was different. FcαRI was targeted directly to lysosomes, while FcγRIIA and FcγRI were internalized in particular endosomal compartments described by the insulin esponsive minoeptidase (IRAP), where they recruited signaling molecules, such as the active form of the kinase Syk, PLCγ and the adaptor LAT...

Antigen (Ag)-trimming aminopeptidases belong to the oxytocinase subfamily of M1 metallopeptidases. In humans, this subfamily contains the endoplasmic reticulum aminopeptidases 1 and 2 (ERAP1 and 2) and the insulin-responsive aminopeptidase (IRAP, synonym oxytocinase), an endosomal enzyme. The ability of these enzymes to trim antigenic precursors and to generate major histocompatibility class-I ligands has been demonstrated extensively for ERAP1, less for ERAP2, which is absent in rodents, and exclusively in the context of cross-presentation for IRAP...

The most cost-effective way to improve the performance of a new road is to integrate road safety into the early phase of the project design. Therefore, the information obtained from the design phase is simply used to get an overview of the project in place. This article proposes a simplified analytical tool to target road safety problems proactively, even before inspection visits. The study area contains 110 segments of 100 m long (inspection intervals) of a highway under construction, sited in Algeria in the locality of Ghazaouet, Wilaya of Tlemcen...

Comparative analysis of epigenetic variability in two pine species affected as a result of the Chernobyl and Fukushima accidents is presented. The absorbed dose rate within the affected Chernobyl sites varies over a wider range (1.5-24.6 μGy/h) than within the Fukushima sites (3.5-6.5 μGy/h). It was shown that chronic irradiation can change the level of whole genome methylation in pine populations, but in different ways. The genomes of Japanese red pines are hypomethylated, and the degree of methylation and hydroxymethylation decreases with an increase in the level of radiation exposure...

ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Mulberry (Morus alba L.) is not only a tasty food but also a beneficial medicinal substance that has been historically used to treat diabetes, as recorded in Tang Ben Cao. Recent research on animal models has shown that the ethyl acetate extract of Morus alba L. fruits (EMF) has hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic properties. However, there is a lack of documentation on the specific mechanisms through which EMF exerts its hypoglycemic effects. OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY: This study aimed to investigate the impact of EMF on L6 cells and C57/BL6J mice and to elucidate the potential mechanisms underlying its effects...

The species belonging to the Rhododendron genus are well-known for their colorful corolla. Molecular marker systems have the potential to elucidate genetic diversity as well as to assess genetic fidelity in rhododendrons. In the present study, the reverse transcription domains of long terminal repeat retrotransposons were cloned from rhododendrons and used to develop an inter-retrotransposon amplified polymorphism (IRAP) marker system. Subsequently, 198 polymorphic loci were generated from the IRAP and inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers, of which 119 were derived from the IRAP markers...

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is one of the most common diseases, that managed by several medications such as Glimepiride and Dapagliflozin. This study aims to compare the effects of Dapagliflozin versus Glimepiride on glycemic control, insulin resistance, and biomarkers as (extracellular domain of insulin regulated aminopeptidase) IRAPe, (interleukin-34) IL-34, and (N-terminal pro b-type natriuretic peptide) NT-proBNP. This study included 60 type 2 diabetic patients, who are randomized to receive either Glimepiride 4 mg/day (group 1) or Dapagliflozin 10 mg/day (group 2)...

Study Objective: To understand the response of mice lacking the insulin-regulated aminopeptidase (IRAP) to an acute water load. Hypothesis: For mammals to respond appropriately to acute water loading, vasopressin activity needs to decrease. IRAP degrades vasopressin in vivo. Therefore, we hypothesized that mice lacking IRAP have impaired ability to degrade vasopressin and thus have persistent urinary concentration. Methods: Age matched 8 to 12-week-old IRAP wild-type WT and KO male mice were used for all experiments...

OBJECTIVE: To identify the main risk factors for metachronous metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) in different periods after radiotherapy and estimate the weight of various factors in the early or late metachronous metastasis (EMM/LMM) groups. METHODS: This retrospective registry consists of 4434 patients with newly diagnosed NPC. Cox regression analysis was used to assess the independent significance of various risk factors. The Interactive Risk Attributable Program (IRAP) was used to calculate the attributable risks (ARs) for metastatic patients during different periods...

Antifungal effects of myrcene, the plant-based naturel compound, were investigated on Fusarium graminearum PH-1 and Fusarium culmorum FcUK99 references, for the first time. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and half of MIC (MIC50 ) of both Fusarium strains against myrcene were found as 25 µg/µl and 12.5 µg/µl, respectively. MIC50 application decreased the cell viabilities in the ratios of 34.90% and 33.91% in PH-1 and FcUK99, respectively (p < 0.01). The significantly increased catalase (CAT) activity was recorded in MIC50 treated strains (p < 0...

Evolution is unaimed changes in time that a genome is shaped by a collection of random mutations, recombination, integrations, and reorganizations. Transposable elements (TEs) are mobile fragments representing a major portion of most eukaryotic genomes, and are therefore considered as a key player in evolution. They are one of the main sources of genetic variability and have a large impact on genome structure and stability in eukaryotes. In this study, the plant SIRE1 retrotransposon insertions were demonstrated in the human genome by using barley SIRE1 interretrotransposon amplified polymorphism PCR (IRAP-PCR) primers...

BACKGROUND: On activation, mast cells rapidly release preformed inflammatory mediators from large cytoplasmic granules via regulated exocytosis. This acute degranulation is followed by a late activation phase involving synthesis and secretion of cytokines, growth factors, and other inflammatory molecules via the constitutive pathway that remains ill defined. OBJECTIVE: We investigated the role for an insulin-responsive vesicle-like endosomal compartment, marked by insulin-regulated aminopeptidase (IRAP), in the secretion of TNF-α and IL-6 in mast cells and macrophages...

The word "pstk" [pistag], used in the ancient Persian language, is the linguistic root from which the current name "pistachio", used worldwide, derives. The word pistachio is generally used to designate the plants and fruits of a single species: Pistacia vera L. Both the plant and its fruits have been used by mankind for thousands of years, specifically the consumption of its fruits by Neanderthals has been dated to about 300,000 years ago. Native to southern Central Asia (including northern Afghanistan and northeastern Iran), its domestication and cultivation occurred about 3000 years ago in this region, spreading to the rest of the Mediterranean basin during the Middle Ages and finally being exported to America and Australia at the end of the 19th century...

OBJECTIVES: Uncertainty regarding the legitimacy of functional neurological disorder (FND) remains among some health care professionals. Despite treatment guidelines and consensus recommendations, variability in clinical practice referral decisions persists. Evidence from other conditions suggests such clinical decision making is impacted by practitioners' implicit and explicit attitudes. We aimed to identify whether health care professionals hold implicit and/or explicit attitudes about the legitimacy of FND and whether these attitudes are associated with referral decision making...

PURPOSE: We aimed to determine the predictive values of fetal pancreas size and maternal serum biomarkers glycated albumin (GA) and insulin-regulated aminopeptidase (IRAP) for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this prospective observational study including 109 pregnant women, the fetal pancreas size and maternal serum biomarkers GA and IRAP were measured at the gestational age of 20-22 weeks and later at the gestational age of 24-28 weeks, in 19 participants of them, GDM was confirmed with the 75-g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and the fetal pancreas size was measured in all the participants again...

Pericarditis is the commonest form of pericardial disease. Unfortunately, despite optimal treatment, approximately 15-30% of patients with acute pericarditis have recurrence. Many of these patients are refractory to colchicine, and become corticosteroid-dependent. Recurrent pericarditis severely impairs quality of life, and is associated with significant morbidity. Inflammasome formation and overproduction of interleukin (IL)-1 have been found to drive the systemic inflammatory response in recurrent autoinflammatory pericarditis...

The function of intracellular trafficking in immune-complex triggered inflammation remains poorly understood. Here, we investigated the role of Insulin-Regulated Amino Peptidase (IRAP)-positive endosomal compartments in Fc receptor (FcR)-induced inflammation. Less severe FcγR-triggered arthritis, active systemic anaphylaxis and FcεRI-triggered passive systemic anaphylaxis were observed in IRAP-deficient versus wild-type mice. In mast cells FcεRI stimulation induced rapid plasma membrane recruitment of IRAP-positive endosomes...

Angiotensin IV (Ang IV), a metabolite of Angiotensin II, is a bioactive hexapeptide that inhibits the insulin-regulated aminopeptidase (IRAP). This transmembrane zinc metallopeptidase with many biological functions has in recent years emerged as a new pharmacological target. IRAP is expressed in a variety of tissues and can be found in high density in the hippocampus and neocortex, brain regions associated with cognition. Ang IV is known to improve memory tasks in experimental animals. One of the most potent IRAP inhibitors known today is the macrocyclic compound HA08 that is significantly more stable than the endogenous Ang IV...