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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Catherine Huntley, Bethany Torr, Amit Sud, Richard S Houlston, Aroon D Hingorani, Michael E Jones, Clare Turnbull
BACKGROUND: Polygenic Risk Scores (PRSs) have been proposed as a mechanism for risk-stratification of screening, increasing efficiency and enabling extension of existing programmes to improve survival in our aging population. We sought to model the impact of three hypothetical programmes of annual breast cancer screening in women aged 40-49 years: screening the PRS-defined high-risk quintile, screening the oldest quintile, and screening the full population. METHODS: In this UK-based modelling study, we used the published estimate of the area under the curve (AUC) of a currently available breast cancer PRS (0·64) to calculate the proportion of cancers captured by the PRS-defined high-risk quintile...
November 2023: Lancet
#22
Chung-Ho E Lau, Maria Manou, Georgios Markozannes, Mika Ala-Korpela, Yoav Ben- Shlomo, Nish Chaturvedi, Jorgen Engmann, Aleksandra Gentry-Maharaj, Karl-Heinz Herzig, Aroon Hingorani, Marjo-Riitta Järvelin, Mika Kähönen, Mika Kivimäki, Terho Lehtimäki, Saara Marttila, Usha Menon, Patricia B Munroe, Saranya Palaniswamy, Rui Providencia, Olli Raitakari, Floriaan Schmidt, Sylvain Sebert, Andrew Wong, Paolo Vineis, Ioanna Tzoulaki, Oliver Robinson
Metabolomic age models have been proposed for the study of biological aging, however they have not been widely validated. We aimed to assess the performance of newly developed and existing nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR) metabolomic age models for prediction of chronological age (CA), mortality, and age-related disease. 98 metabolic variables were measured in blood from nine UK and Finnish cohort studies (N ≈ 31,000 individuals, age range 24-86 years). We used non-linear and penalised regression to model CA and time to all-cause mortality...
November 8, 2023: medRxiv
#23
REVIEW
Sunil Shinde, Arun Kumar Balasubramaniam, Vallabh Mulay, Ganesh Saste, Aboli Girme, Lal Hingorani
Ashwagandha, also known as Withania somnifera (WS), is an ayurvedic botanical plant with numerous applications in dietary supplements and traditional medicines worldwide. Due to the restorative qualities of its roots, WS has potent therapeutic value in traditional Indian (Ayurvedic, Unani, Siddha) and modern medicine recognized as the "Indian ginseng". The presence of phytochemical bioactive compounds such as withanolides, withanosides, alkaloids, flavonoids, and phenolic compounds has an important role in the therapeutic and nutritional properties of WS...
November 7, 2023: ACS Omega
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Abraham Olvera-Barrios, Christopher G Owen, John Anderson, Alasdair N Warwick, Ryan Chambers, Louis Bolter, Yue Wu, Roshan Welikala, Jiri Fajtl, Sarah A Barman, Paolo Remagnino, Emily Y Chew, Frederick L Ferris, Aroon D Hingorani, Reecha Sofat, Aaron Y Lee, Catherine Egan, Adnan Tufail, Alicja R Rudnicka
INTRODUCTION: The English Diabetic Eye Screening Programme (DESP) offers people living with diabetes (PLD) annual eye screening. We examined incidence and determinants of sight-threatening diabetic retinopathy (STDR) in a sociodemographically diverse multi-ethnic population. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: North East London DESP cohort data (January 2012 to December 2021) with 137 591 PLD with no retinopathy, or non-STDR at baseline in one/both eyes, were used to calculate STDR incidence rates by sociodemographic factors, diabetes type, and duration...
November 2023: BMJ Open Diabetes Research & Care
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sangeeta R Hingorani, Robert H Schmicker, Brian Halloran, Patrick Brophy, Patrick J Heagerty, Sandra Juul, Stuart L Goldstein, David Askenazi
RATIONALE & OBJECTIVE: Children born before 28 weeks' gestation are at increased risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Urine biomarkers may shed light on mechanistic pathways and improve the ability to forecast CKD. We evaluated whether urinary biomarkers in neonates of low gestational age (GA) are associated with a reduced estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) over time. STUDY DESIGN: A cohort study of neonates with an exploratory case-control study of a subset of the cohort...
November 4, 2023: American Journal of Kidney Diseases
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Abraham Olvera-Barrios, Alicja R Rudnicka, John Anderson, Louis Bolter, Ryan Chambers, Alasdair N Warwick, Roshan Welikala, Jiri Fajtl, Sarah Barman, Paolo Remgnino, Yue Wu, Aaron Y Lee, Emily Y Chew, Frederick L Ferris, Aroon Hingorani, Reecha Sofat, Catherine A Egan, Adnan Tufail, Christopher G Owen
BACKGROUND/AIMS: The English Diabetic Eye Screening Programme (DESP) offers people living with diabetes (PLD) annual screening. Less frequent screening has been advocated among PLD without diabetic retinopathy (DR), but evidence for each ethnic group is limited. We examined the potential effect of biennial versus annual screening on the detection of sight-threatening diabetic retinopathy (STDR) and proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) among PLD without DR from a large urban multi-ethnic English DESP...
November 22, 2023: British Journal of Ophthalmology
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Aroon D Hingorani, Jasmine Gratton, Chris Finan, A Floriaan Schmidt, Riyaz Patel, Reecha Sofat, Valerie Kuan, Claudia Langenberg, Harry Hemingway, Joan K Morris, Nicholas J Wald
OBJECTIVE: To clarify the performance of polygenic risk scores in population screening, individual risk prediction, and population risk stratification. DESIGN: Secondary analysis of data in the Polygenic Score Catalog. SETTING: Polygenic Score Catalog, April 2022. Secondary analysis of 3915 performance metric estimates for 926 polygenic risk scores for 310 diseases to generate estimates of performance in population screening, individual risk, and population risk stratification...
2023: BMJ Med
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Renuka Munshi, Shilpa Karande-Patil, Dipti Kumbhar, Amol Deshmukh, Lal Hingorani
BACKGROUND: Prediabetes is an intermediate state of hyperglycemia, which acts as a precursor to Diabetes mellitus if left untreated. Nisha (Curcuma longa) and Amalaki (Emblica officinalis) combination has been advocated as drugs of choice to treat the early manifestations of Diabetes mellitus. OBJECTIVE: This prospective, randomized, single-blind, placebo-controlled, comparative study was planned to assess the efficacy and safety of Nisha-Amalaki capsules in preventing progression to Diabetes mellitus in prediabetic patients when administered for 6 months...
October 17, 2023: Journal of Ayurveda and Integrative Medicine
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Maryam Kavousi, Maxime M Bos, Hanna J Barnes, Christian L Lino Cardenas, Doris Wong, Haojie Lu, Chani J Hodonsky, Lennart P L Landsmeer, Adam W Turner, Minjung Kho, Natalie R Hasbani, Paul S de Vries, Donald W Bowden, Sandesh Chopade, Joris Deelen, Ernest Diez Benavente, Xiuqing Guo, Edith Hofer, Shih-Jen Hwang, Sharon M Lutz, Leo-Pekka Lyytikäinen, Lotte Slenders, Albert V Smith, Maggie A Stanislawski, Jessica van Setten, Quenna Wong, Lisa R Yanek, Diane M Becker, Marian Beekman, Matthew J Budoff, Mary F Feitosa, Chris Finan, Austin T Hilliard, Sharon L R Kardia, Jason C Kovacic, Brian G Kral, Carl D Langefeld, Lenore J Launer, Shaista Malik, Firdaus A A Mohamed Hoesein, Michal Mokry, Reinhold Schmidt, Jennifer A Smith, Kent D Taylor, James G Terry, Jeroen van der Grond, Joyce van Meurs, Rozemarijn Vliegenthart, Jianzhao Xu, Kendra A Young, Nuno R Zilhão, Robert Zweiker, Themistocles L Assimes, Lewis C Becker, Daniel Bos, J Jeffrey Carr, L Adrienne Cupples, Dominique P V de Kleijn, Menno de Winther, Hester M den Ruijter, Myriam Fornage, Barry I Freedman, Vilmundur Gudnason, Aroon D Hingorani, John E Hokanson, M Arfan Ikram, Ivana Išgum, David R Jacobs, Mika Kähönen, Leslie A Lange, Terho Lehtimäki, Gerard Pasterkamp, Olli T Raitakari, Helena Schmidt, P Eline Slagboom, André G Uitterlinden, Meike W Vernooij, Joshua C Bis, Nora Franceschini, Bruce M Psaty, Wendy S Post, Jerome I Rotter, Johan L M Björkegren, Christopher J O'Donnell, Lawrence F Bielak, Patricia A Peyser, Rajeev Malhotra, Sander W van der Laan, Clint L Miller
Coronary artery calcification (CAC), a measure of subclinical atherosclerosis, predicts future symptomatic coronary artery disease (CAD). Identifying genetic risk factors for CAC may point to new therapeutic avenues for prevention. Currently, there are only four known risk loci for CAC identified from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) in the general population. Here we conducted the largest multi-ancestry GWAS meta-analysis of CAC to date, which comprised 26,909 individuals of European ancestry and 8,867 individuals of African ancestry...
September 28, 2023: Nature Genetics
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Christopher M Jones, Annabel Lyles, Peter Bownes, Rebecca Goody, Mohan Hingorani, Eldho Joseph, Ganesh Radhakrishna
PURPOSE: To outline the toxicity, tolerability, and efficacy of a 3D conformal computed tomography planned endoluminal brachytherapy (ELBT) treatment for esophageal adenocarcinoma (OAC) or squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). METHODS AND MATERIALS: A retrospective single-center analysis of toxicity, tolerability, and outcomes for 65 consecutive patients with OAC/OSCC who received 6-8Gy in one fraction or 12-16Gy in two fractions of high-dose-rate ELBT as salvage postchemoradiotherapy (n = 7 and n = 14 respectively), or as a boost to external beam radiotherapy (n = 14 and n = 30, respectively)...
September 22, 2023: Brachytherapy
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Aboli Girme, Ganesh Saste, Arun Kumar Balasubramaniam, Chetana Ghule, Vallabh Mulay, Lal Hingorani
BACKGROUND: The sympatric occurrence of the species that often resulted in different gatherings of plant material, ambiguous history on traditional use, and taxonomic flux due to similarities within the Tinospora (Menispermaceae) taxa are some of the reasons that triggered the necessity to develop robust analytical methods for efficient quality control, especially to recognize dry and powder form. OBJECTIVE: To develop novel HPTLC-based fingerprinting of two closely resembling Tinospora species followed by HPTLC-MS analysis and identification of compounds differentiating Tinospora crispa (TCP) and Tinospora cordifolia (TCR)...
September 20, 2023: Journal of AOAC International
#32
Andrés M Arias-Lorza, James R Costello, Sunil R Hingorani, Daniel D Von Hoff, Ronald L Korn, Natarajan Raghunand
Pre-clinical and clinical studies have shown that PEGPH20 depletes intratumoral hyaluronic acid (HA), which is linked to high interstitial fluid pressures and poor distribution of chemotherapies. 29 patients with metastatic advanced solid tumors received quantitative magnetic resonance imaging (qMRI) in 3 prospective clinical trials of PEGPH20, HALO-109-101 (NCT00834704), HALO-109-102 (NCT01170897), and HALO-109-201 (NCT01453153). Apparent Diffusion Coefficient of water (ADC), T1, k trans , v p , v e , and iAUC maps were computed from qMRI acquired at baseline and ≥ 1 time point post-PEGPH20...
September 5, 2023: Research Square
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Pavel Kibrik, Ali Basil Ali, Jesse Chait, Michael Arustamyan, Hason Khan, Sarah Mazurovsky, Ahmad Alsheekh, Natalie Marks, Anil Hingorani, Enrico Ascher
BACKGROUND: Endovenous thermal ablation (EVTA) of the lower extremity veins has risen to become the main treatment modality for symptomatic venous reflux disease. One of the main reported side effects of EVTA is recanalization. As of today, there is no clear protocol as to when follow-up duplex ultrasound scans should be performed. However, the standard for postoperative duplex after truncal ablation is within one week of the procedure. Our aim is to try to find whether there is a particular time period when post-operative duplex ultrasound scans should be performed to allow us to best diagnose recanalization...
September 5, 2023: Journal of Vascular Surgery. Venous and Lymphatic Disorders
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Wichanon Sae-Jie, Suangsuda Supasai, Mika Kivimaki, Jackie F Price, Andrew Wong, Meena Kumari, Jorgen Engmann, Tina Shah, Amand F Schmidt, Tom R Gaunt, Aroon Hingorani, Pimphen Charoen
BACKGROUND: Ketone bodies (KBs) are an alternative energy supply for brain functions when glucose is limited. The most abundant ketone metabolite, 3-β-hydroxybutyrate (BOHBUT), has been suggested to prevent or delay cognitive impairment, but the evidence remains unclear. We triangulated observational and Mendelian randomization (MR) studies to investigate the association and causation between KBs and cognitive function. METHODS: In observational analyses of 5506 participants aged ≥ 45 years from the Whitehall II study, we used multiple linear regression to investigate the associations between categorized KBs and cognitive function scores...
September 4, 2023: BMC Medicine
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mona M Almramhi, Chris Finan, Catherine S Storm, Amand F Schmidt, Demis A Kia, Rachel Rachel Coneys, Sandesh Chopade, Aroon D Hingorani, Nick W Wood
BACKGROUND: There has been considerable interest in statins due to their pleiotropic effects beyond their lipid-lowering properties. Many of these pleiotropic effects are predominantly ascribed to Rho small guanosine triphosphatases (Rho GTPases) proteins. We aimed to genetically investigate the role of lipids and statin interventions on multiple sclerosis (MS) risk and severity. METHOD: We employed two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) to investigate: (1) the causal role of genetically mimic both cholesterol-dependent (via low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and cholesterol biosynthesis pathway) and cholesterol-independent (via Rho GTPases) effects of statins on MS risk and MS severity, (2) the causal link between lipids (high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and triglycerides (TG)) levels and MS risk and severity; and (3) the reverse causation between lipid fractions and MS risk...
September 1, 2023: Neurology
#36
Peter Gloviczki, Peter F Lawrence, Suman M Wasan, Mark H Meissner, Jose Almeida, Kellie R Brown, Ruth L Bush, Michael Di Iorio, John Fish, Eri Fukaya, Monika L Gloviczki, Anil Hingorani, Arjun Jayaraj, Raghu Kolluri, M Hassan Murad, Andrea T Obi, Kathleen J Ozsvath, Michael J Singh, Satish Vayuvegula, Harold J Welch
The Society for Vascular Surgery, the American Venous Forum, and the American Vein and Lymphatic Society recently published Part I of the 2022 clinical practice guidelines on varicose veins. Recommendations were based on the latest scientific evidence researched following an independent systematic review and meta-analysis of five critical issues affecting the management of patients with lower extremity varicose veins, using the patients, interventions, comparators, and outcome system to answer critical questions...
January 2024: Journal of Vascular Surgery. Venous and Lymphatic Disorders
#37
A Floriaan Schmidt, Chris Finan, Sandesh Chopade, Stephan Ellmerich, Martin N Rossor, Aroon D Hingorani, Mark B Pepys
The direct causes of neurodegeneration underlying Alzheimer's disease (AD) and many other dementias, are not known. Here we identify serum amyloid P component (SAP), a constitutive plasma protein normally excluded from the brain, as a potential drug target. After meta-analysis of three genome-wide association studies, comprising 44,288 participants, cis -Mendelian randomization showed that genes responsible for higher plasma SAP values are significantly associated with AD, Lewy body dementia and plasma tau concentration...
August 16, 2023: medRxiv
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Shengling Ma, Saleh Bhar, Danielle Guffey, Rock Bum Kim, Mahrukh Jamil, Christopher I Amos, Stephanie J Lee, Sangeeta R Hingorani, Sarah E Sartain, Ang Li
Transplantation-associated thrombotic microangiography (TA-TMA) is a disorder that causes severe complications after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HCT). Diagnosing TA-TMA is challenging because of the lack of standardized criteria. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the new TA-TMA consensus definition from the American Society for Transplantation and Cellular Therapy (ASTCT) panel as part of an ongoing prospective pediatric cohort study, and also to compare the impact and outcomes of using the current definition of clinical TMA (cTMA) versus the new consensus definition...
November 2023: Transplantation and cellular therapy
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Anshuly Tiwari, Siddharth J Modi, Aboli Girme, Lal Hingorani
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a hormonal disorder that affects women of reproductive age, characterized by a range of symptoms, including irregular menstrual cycles, excess male hormones (androgens), metabolic abnormalities such as hyperinsulinemia, hyperlipidemia, and metabolic disturbances like glucose imbalance. Botanical supplements are perceived first and safe choice over available regimens to regulate PCOS. There are several reports available stating that apocarotenoids, carotenoids, and whole extracts of Crocus sativus were identified to have a potential role in the management of women health...
August 11, 2023: Medicine (Baltimore)
#40
REVIEW
Claudia Langenberg, Aroon D Hingorani, Christopher J M Whitty
Globally, the number of people with multiple co-occurring diseases will increase substantially over the coming decades, with important consequences for patients, carers, healthcare systems and society. Addressing this challenge requires a shift in the prevailing clinical, educational and scientific thinking and organization-with a strong emphasis on the maintenance of generalist skills to balance the specialization trends of medical education and research. Multimorbidity is not a single entity but differs quantitively and qualitatively across life stages, ethnicities, sexes, socioeconomic groups and geographies...
July 2023: Nature Medicine
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