keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535880/operational-differences-between-product-development-partnership-pharmaceutical-industry-and-investigator-initiated-clinical-trials
#21
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Eric I Nebie, Peter van Eeuwijk, Hélène N Sawadogo, Elisabeth Reus, Jürg Utzinger, Christian Burri
Medicine development is a lengthy endeavour. Increasing regulatory stringency and trial complexity might lead to reduced efficiency, dwindled output, and elevated costs. However, alternative models are possible. We compared the operational differences between pharmaceutical industry sponsored trials, product development partnership trials, and investigator-initiated trials to identify key drivers of inefficiency in clinical research. We conducted an exploratory mixed-methods study with stakeholders, including clinical trial sponsors, contract research organisations, and investigators...
February 29, 2024: Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535706/static-magnetic-field-enhances-the-bone-remodelling-capacity-of-human-demineralized-bone-matrix-in-a-rat-animal-model-of-cranial-bone-defects
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
SeyedJamal Hosseini, Houman Parsaei, MirJavad Moosavifar, Narjes Tavakoli, Reza Ahadi, Kaveh Roshanbinfar
The regeneration of bone defects that exceed 2 cm is a challenge for the human body, necessitating interventional therapies. Demineralized bone matrices (DBM) derived from biological tissues have been employed for bone regeneration and possess notable osteoinductive and osteoconductive characteristics. Nevertheless, their efficiency in regenerating critically sized injuries is limited, and therefore additional signaling cues are required. Thanks to the piezoelectric properties of the bone, external physical stimulation is shown to accelerate tissue healing...
March 27, 2024: Journal of Materials Chemistry. B, Materials for Biology and Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535676/resistive-switching-devices-for-neuromorphic-computing-from-foundations-to-chip-level-innovations
#23
REVIEW
Kannan Udaya Mohanan
Neuromorphic computing has emerged as an alternative computing paradigm to address the increasing computing needs for data-intensive applications. In this context, resistive random access memory (RRAM) devices have garnered immense interest among the neuromorphic research community due to their capability to emulate intricate neuronal behaviors. RRAM devices excel in terms of their compact size, fast switching capabilities, high ON/OFF ratio, and low energy consumption, among other advantages. This review focuses on the multifaceted aspects of RRAM devices and their application to brain-inspired computing...
March 15, 2024: Nanomaterials
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535497/assessing-chemical-intolerance-in-parents-predicts-the-risk-of-autism-and-adhd-in-their-children
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Raymond F Palmer, David Kattari, Rodolfo Rincon, Claudia S Miller
BACKGROUND: We sought to replicate our 2015 findings linking chemical intolerance in parents with the risk of their children developing autism and/or ADHD. Drawing upon our 2021 discovery of a strong association between chemical intolerance and mast cells, we propose an explanation for this link. METHODS: In a population-based survey of U.S. adults, we used the internationally validated Quick Environmental Exposure and Sensitivity Inventory (QEESI) to assess symptom severity and chemical intolerance...
March 5, 2024: Journal of Xenobiotics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535387/optimizing-the-release-pattern-of-telenomus-podisi-for-effective-biological-control-of-euschistus-heros-in-soybean
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
William Wyatt Hoback, Gabryele Ramos, Rafael Hayashida, Daniel Mariano Santos, Daniel de Lima Alvarez, Regiane Cristina de Oliveira
An augmentative biological control program using the egg parasitoid Telenomus podisi Ashmead (Hymenoptera: Platygastridae) is a promising tool for the management of the brown stink bug, Euschistus heros (Fabricius) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) in soybeans. The T. podisi are released as adults or pupae within lab-reared E. heros eggs. Because of the small size of the parasitoid and potentially limited dispersal ability, determining the optimal release pattern is critical for biological control of the target pest...
March 14, 2024: Insects
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535259/bone-marrow-derived-mesenchymal-stem-cell-laden-nanocomposite-scaffolds-enhance-bone-regeneration-in-rabbit-critical-size-segmental-bone-defect-model
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Elangovan Kalaiselvan, Swapan Kumar Maiti, Shivaraju Shivaramu, Shajahan Amitha Banu, Khan Sharun, Divya Mohan, Sangeetha Palakkara, Sadhan Bag, Monalisa Sahoo, Suresh Ramalingam, Jürgen Hescheler
Bone regeneration poses a significant challenge in the field of tissue engineering, prompting ongoing research to explore innovative strategies for effective bone healing. The integration of stem cells and nanomaterial scaffolds has emerged as a promising approach, offering the potential to enhance regenerative outcomes. This study focuses on the application of a stem cell-laden nanomaterial scaffold designed for bone regeneration in rabbits. The in vivo study was conducted on thirty-six healthy skeletally mature New Zealand white rabbits that were randomly allocated into six groups...
March 10, 2024: Journal of Functional Biomaterials
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535230/hsp90-mediated-multi-drug-resistance-in-dna-polymerase-defective-strains-of-candida-albicans
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Bhabasha Gyanadeep Utkalaja, Satya Ranjan Sahu, Sushree Subhashree Parida, Narottam Acharya
The incidence of infections caused by Candida species, specifically by drug-resistant isolates, is a major health concern as they can disseminate to and colonize most vital organs, enhancing morbidity and mortality. Several molecular mechanisms have been reported to be involved in drug resistance. These are mostly drug- and isolate-specific. Here, we characterized three different genetically modified strains of C. albicans that were multi-drug-resistant (MDR) and deciphered a uniform mechanism responsible for resistance...
March 19, 2024: Journal of Fungi (Basel, Switzerland)
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535040/prediction-models-using-decision-tree-and-logistic-regression-method-for-predicting-hospital-revisits-in-peritoneal-dialysis-patients
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Shih-Jiun Lin, Cheng-Chi Liu, David Ming Then Tsai, Ya-Hsueh Shih, Chun-Liang Lin, Yung-Chien Hsu
Hospital revisits significantly contribute to financial burden. Therefore, developing strategies to reduce hospital revisits is crucial for alleviating the economic impacts. However, this critical issue among peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients has not been explored in previous research. This single-center retrospective study, conducted at Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi branch, included 1373 PD patients who visited the emergency room (ER) between Jan 2002 and May 2018. The objective was to predict hospital revisits, categorized into 72-h ER revisits and 14-day readmissions...
March 14, 2024: Diagnostics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535003/diagnostic-and-prognostic-value-of-thrombocytopenia-in-severe-burn-injuries
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Eliza-Maria Bordeanu-Diaconescu, Andreea Grosu-Bularda, Adrian Frunza, Sabina Grama, Mihaela-Cristina Andrei, Tiberiu-Paul Neagu, Ioan Lascar, Cristian-Sorin Hariga
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Burn injuries are the most severe type of trauma, with complex biological consequences associated with high rates of morbidity and mortality. Prompt recognition and management of burn-related complications are imperative for improving the vital and functional prognosis of the patient. Changes in biological parameters can be essential determinants in the prognosis of the burned patient. Thrombocytopenia in critically ill patients is linked to an elevated risk of mortality...
March 9, 2024: Diagnostics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534904/chatgpt-s-response-consistency-a-study-on-repeated-queries-of-medical-examination-questions
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Paul F Funk, Cosima C Hoch, Samuel Knoedler, Leonard Knoedler, Sebastian Cotofana, Giuseppe Sofo, Ali Bashiri Dezfouli, Barbara Wollenberg, Orlando Guntinas-Lichius, Michael Alfertshofer
(1) Background: As the field of artificial intelligence (AI) evolves, tools like ChatGPT are increasingly integrated into various domains of medicine, including medical education and research. Given the critical nature of medicine, it is of paramount importance that AI tools offer a high degree of reliability in the information they provide. (2) Methods: A total of n = 450 medical examination questions were manually entered into ChatGPT thrice, each for ChatGPT 3.5 and ChatGPT 4. The responses were collected, and their accuracy and consistency were statistically analyzed throughout the series of entries...
March 8, 2024: European journal of investigation in health, psychology and education
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534863/metaheuristic-based-feature-selection-methods-for-diagnosing-sarcopenia-with-machine-learning-algorithms
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jaehyeong Lee, Yourim Yoon, Jiyoun Kim, Yong-Hyuk Kim
This study explores the efficacy of metaheuristic-based feature selection in improving machine learning performance for diagnosing sarcopenia. Extraction and utilization of features significantly impacting diagnosis efficacy emerge as a critical facet when applying machine learning for sarcopenia diagnosis. Using data from the 8th Korean Longitudinal Study on Aging (KLoSA), this study examines harmony search (HS) and the genetic algorithm (GA) for feature selection. Evaluation of the resulting feature set involves a decision tree, a random forest, a support vector machine, and naïve bayes algorithms...
March 15, 2024: Biomimetics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534830/towards-precision-ophthalmology-the-role-of-3d-printing-and-bioprinting-in-oculoplastic-surgery-retinal-corneal-and-glaucoma-treatment
#32
REVIEW
Kevin Y Wu, Adrian Tabari, Éric Mazerolle, Simon D Tran
In the forefront of ophthalmic innovation, biomimetic 3D printing and bioprinting technologies are redefining patient-specific therapeutic strategies. This critical review systematically evaluates their application spectrum, spanning oculoplastic reconstruction, retinal tissue engineering, corneal transplantation, and targeted glaucoma treatments. It highlights the intricacies of these technologies, including the fundamental principles, advanced materials, and bioinks that facilitate the replication of ocular tissue architecture...
February 27, 2024: Biomimetics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534806/the-requirements-of-managing-phase-i-clinical-trials-risks-the-british-and-italian-case-studies
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Davide Di Tonno, Laura Martena, Manuela Taurisano, Caterina Perlin, Anna Chiara Loiacono, Stefano Lagravinese, Santo Marsigliante, Michele Maffia, Susanna Esposito, Gianluca Villa, Giovanni Gori, Leonardo Bray, Alessandro Distante, Alessandro Miani, Prisco Piscitelli, Alberto Argentiero
Phase I clinical trials represent a critical point in drug development because the investigational medicinal product is being tested in humans for the first time. For this reason, it is essential to evaluate and identify the Maximum Tolerated Dose (MTD) and the safety of the new compound. To mitigate the possible risks associated with drug administration and treatment, the European Competent Authority issued various guidelines to provide provisions and harmonize risk management processes. In the UK and Italy, particular attention should be paid to the Medicines & Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency (MHRA) phase I accreditation scheme and the specific rules set by the Italian Drug Authority through the AIFA Determination no...
March 13, 2024: Epidemiologia (Basel)
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534769/deciphering-glioblastoma-fundamental-and-novel-insights-into-the-biology-and-therapeutic-strategies-of-gliomas
#34
REVIEW
Razvan Onciul, Felix-Mircea Brehar, Corneliu Toader, Razvan-Adrian Covache-Busuioc, Luca-Andrei Glavan, Bogdan-Gabriel Bratu, Horia Petre Costin, David-Ioan Dumitrascu, Matei Serban, Alexandru Vlad Ciurea
Gliomas constitute a diverse and complex array of tumors within the central nervous system (CNS), characterized by a wide range of prognostic outcomes and responses to therapeutic interventions. This literature review endeavors to conduct a thorough investigation of gliomas, with a particular emphasis on glioblastoma (GBM), beginning with their classification and epidemiological characteristics, evaluating their relative importance within the CNS tumor spectrum. We examine the immunological context of gliomas, unveiling the intricate immune environment and its ramifications for disease progression and therapeutic strategies...
March 13, 2024: Current Issues in Molecular Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534736/unraveling-the-multifaceted-role-of-the-mir-17-92-cluster-in-colorectal-cancer-from-mechanisms-to-biomarker-potential
#35
REVIEW
Hakeemah H Al-Nakhle
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a complex disease driven by intricate mechanisms, making it challenging to understand and manage. The miR-17-92 cluster has gained significant attention in CRC research due to its diverse functions and crucial role in various aspects of the disease. This cluster, consisting of multiple individual miRNAs, influences critical processes like tumor initiation, angiogenesis, metastasis, and the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Beyond its roles in tumorigenesis and progression, miR-17-92's dysregulation in CRC has substantial implications for diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment, including chemotherapy responsiveness...
February 28, 2024: Current Issues in Molecular Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534608/injectable-hydrogels-for-nervous-tissue-repair-a-brief-review
#36
REVIEW
Gladys Arline Politrón-Zepeda, Gabriela Fletes-Vargas, Rogelio Rodríguez-Rodríguez
The repair of nervous tissue is a critical research field in tissue engineering because of the degenerative process in the injured nervous system. In this review, we summarize the progress of injectable hydrogels using in vitro and in vivo studies for the regeneration and repair of nervous tissue. Traditional treatments have not been favorable for patients, as they are invasive and inefficient; therefore, injectable hydrogels are promising for the treatment of damaged tissue. This review will contribute to a better understanding of injectable hydrogels as potential scaffolds and drug delivery system for neural tissue engineering applications...
March 9, 2024: Gels
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534587/lecithin-s-roles-in-oleogelation
#37
REVIEW
Joanna Harasym, Karol Banaś
This manuscript analyzes the research considering the exploitation of lecithin in oleogelation. The main objective of the work was to gather, analyze, and extract from the existing research data the information that enables us to identify lecithin-dependent roles. Oleogelation is still under research, while using various oleogelators and structurants provides changes on different physico-chemical levels. Multivariable formulations do not facilitate the elucidation of the specific role of any of them. Lecithin, due to its complex structure, big molecule, and amphiphilic nature, can provide different functionalities in complex matrices like oleogels...
February 27, 2024: Gels
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534563/unlocking-the-potential-of-stem-cell-microenvironments-in-vitro
#38
REVIEW
Chiara Scodellaro, Raquel R Pina, Frederico Castelo Ferreira, Paola Sanjuan-Alberte, Tiago G Fernandes
The field of regenerative medicine has recently witnessed groundbreaking advancements that hold immense promise for treating a wide range of diseases and injuries. At the forefront of this revolutionary progress are stem cells. Stem cells typically reside in specialized environments in vivo, known as microenvironments or niches, which play critical roles in regulating stem cell behavior and determining their fate. Therefore, understanding the complex microenvironments that surround stem cells is crucial for advancing treatment options in regenerative medicine and tissue engineering applications...
March 19, 2024: Bioengineering
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534493/a-comprehensive-review-on-synergy-of-multi-modal-data-and-ai-technologies-in-medical-diagnosis
#39
REVIEW
Xi Xu, Jianqiang Li, Zhichao Zhu, Linna Zhao, Huina Wang, Changwei Song, Yining Chen, Qing Zhao, Jijiang Yang, Yan Pei
Disease diagnosis represents a critical and arduous endeavor within the medical field. Artificial intelligence (AI) techniques, spanning from machine learning and deep learning to large model paradigms, stand poised to significantly augment physicians in rendering more evidence-based decisions, thus presenting a pioneering solution for clinical practice. Traditionally, the amalgamation of diverse medical data modalities (e.g., image, text, speech, genetic data, physiological signals) is imperative to facilitate a comprehensive disease analysis, a topic of burgeoning interest among both researchers and clinicians in recent times...
February 25, 2024: Bioengineering
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534466/transcriptomic-and-metabolomic-analyses-reveal-the-response-mechanism-of-ophiopogon-japonicus-to-waterlogging-stress
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Tingting Cheng, Xia Zhou, Juan Lin, Xianjian Zhou, Hongsu Wang, Tiezhu Chen
Ophiopogon japonicus , a plant that thrives in river alluvial dams, often faces waterlogging stress due to sustained rainfall and flood seasons, which significantly impacts its growth and development. Currently, the mechanisms of waterlogging tolerance in Ophiopogon japonicus are still unclear. This study analyzed the transcriptome and metabolome data for Ophiopogon japonicus in the Sichuan region (referred to as CMD) under varying degrees of waterlogging stress: mild, moderate, and severe. The results indicate that the group exposed to flooding stress exhibited a higher number of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) compared to the control group...
March 20, 2024: Biology
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