PQQ AND Lactate

Maternal obesity and consumption of a high-fat diet significantly elevate risk for pediatric nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), affecting 10% of children in the US. Almost half of these children are diagnosed with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), a leading etiology for liver transplant. Animal models show that signs of liver injury and perturbed lipid metabolism associated with NAFLD begin in utero; however, safe dietary therapeutics to blunt developmental programming of NAFLD are unavailable. Using a mouse model of maternal Western-style diet (WD), we previously showed that pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ), a potent dietary antioxidant, protected offspring of WD-fed dams from development of NAFLD and NASH...

Pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ) is associated with biological processes such as mitochondriogenesis, reproduction, growth, and aging. In addition, PQQ attenuates clinically relevant dysfunctions (e.g., those associated with ischemia, inflammation and lipotoxicity). PQQ is novel among biofactors that are not currently accepted as vitamins or conditional vitamins. For example, the absence of PQQ in diets produces a response like a vitamin-related deficiency with recovery upon PQQ repletion in a dose-dependent manner...

Pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ) has a variety of biological functions. However, rare attention has been paid to its effects on exercise-induced damage. Here, we assessed the potential protective effects of PQQ against the fatigue and oxidative damage caused by repeated exhaustive exercise, and studied the underlying mechanism. The models for exercise-induced fatigue were established, and the parameters were measured, including the time to exhaustion (TTE), biochemical indicators, the expression of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) and inflammatory cytokines and so on...

At least two types of pincer complexes are known to exist in biology. A metal-pyrroloquinolone quinone (PQQ) cofactor was first identified in bacterial methanol dehydrogenase, and later also found in selected short-chain alcohol dehydrogenases of other microorganisms. The PQQ-associated metal can be calcium, magnesium, or a rare earth element depending on the enzyme sequence. Synthesis of this organic ligand requires a series of accessory proteins acting on a small peptide, PqqA. Binding of metal to PQQ yields an ONO-type pincer complex...

Neuroinflammation is a feature common to neurodegenerative diseases, such as Parkinson's disease (PD), which might be responsive to therapeutic intervention. Rotenone has been widely used to establish PD models by inducing mitochondrial dysfunction and inflammation. Our previous studies have reported that pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ), a naturally occurring redox cofactor, could prevent mitochondrial dysfunction in rotenone induced PD models by regulating mitochondrial functions. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the effect of PQQ on neuroinflammation and the mechanism involved...

The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of dietary pyrroloquinoline quinone disodium (PQQ·Na2) supplementation in sows during gestation and lactation on intestinal health in offspring. A total of 40 cross-bred (landrace × large white crossed with Duroc boar) multiparity gestation sows with an average parity of 4.3 were used in this study. Forty sows were allotted to 2 dietary treatments after breeding. One group was the control sows, which were fed a corn-soybean meal control diet (Con treatment, n = 20), and the other group was the treatment sows fed a control diet with 20 mg kg-1 PQQ·Na2 after breeding and through gestation and lactation (PQQ treatment, n = 20)...

BACKGROUND: Pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ), which is a water soluble, thermo-stable triglyceride-quinone, is widely distributed in nature and characterized as a mammalian vitamin-like redox cofactor. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of pyrroloquinoline quinone disodium (PQQ·Na2 ) on reproductive performance in sows. RESULTS: Dietary supplementation with PQQ·Na2 significantly increased the total number of piglets born, the number of piglets born alive and the born alive litter weight...

Reinvestigation of the metabolite profile in a disruptant of the quinoprotein dehydrogenase (orf23) gene revealed that the Orf23 protein catalyzes dehydrogenation of the C23-C25 lactate moiety to pyruvate during lankacidin biosynthesis in Streptomyces rochei 7434AN4. The dehydrogenase activity was expressed and detected in a soluble fraction of the Streptomyces lividans recombinant harboring orf23. The Orf23 protein preferentially converts lankacidinol to lankacidin C in the presence of pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ)...

BACKGROUND: Chronic hypobaric hypoxia (cHH) mediated cardiac insufficiencies are associated with pathological damage. Sustained redox stress and work load are major causative agents of cardiac insufficiencies under cHH. Despite the advancements made in pharmacological (anti-oxidants, vasodilators) and non-pharmacological therapeutics (acclimatization strategies and schedules), only partial success has been achieved in improving cardiac acclimatization to cHH. This necessitates the need for potent combinatorial therapies to improve cardiac acclimatization at high altitudes...

BACKGROUND: Pyrroloquinoline quinone is an anionic, water-soluble compound with antioxidant characteristic. The role of pyrroloquinoline quinone in pharmacology and nutrition has attracted wide attention of researchers. Although a few experiments have confirmed that pyrroloquinoline quinone plays an obvious effective role in neuroprotection. There are few reports about the effect of pyrroloquinoline quinone on traumatic brain injury. Traumatic brain injury is one of the leading causes for adult disability and death...

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is widespread in adults and children. Early exposure to maternal obesity or Western-style diet (WD) increases steatosis and oxidative stress in fetal liver and is associated with lifetime disease risk in the offspring. Pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ) is a natural antioxidant found in soil, enriched in human breast milk, and essential for development in mammals. We investigated whether a supplemental dose of PQQ, provided prenatally in a mouse model of diet-induced obesity during pregnancy, could protect obese offspring from progression of NAFLD...

Pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ), a redox-active o-quinone, is an important nutrient involved in numerous physiological and biochemical processes in mammals. Despite such beneficial functions, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain to be established. In the present study, using PQQ-immobilized Sepharose beads as a probe, we examined the presence of protein(s) that are capable of binding PQQ in mouse NIH/3T3 fibroblasts and identified five cellular proteins, including l-lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) A chain, as potential mammalian PQQ-binding proteins...

This research details the isolation and purification of a new type of lactate dehydrogenase that is dependent upon the coenzyme pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ). PQQ-dependent enzymes have been of interest in the literature over the last decade due to the fact that many of them can undergo direct electron transfer (DET) at electrode surfaces which is of interest for biosensor and biofuel cell applications. In the paper, we detail the isolation of PQQ-dependent lactate dehydrogenase (PQQ-LDH) from two sources of Gluconobacter (Gluconobacter sp...

The effect of a constant magnetic field on bioelectrocatalytic transformations of three different enzyme assemblies linked to electrodes is examined and correlated with a theoretical magnetohydrodynamic model. The systems consist of surface-reconstituted glucose oxidase (GOx), an integrated lactate dehydrogenase/nicotinamide/pyrroloquinoline quinone assembly (LDH/NAD+ -PQQ), and a cytochrome c/cytochrome oxidase system (Cyt c/COx) linked to the electrodes. Pronounced effects of a constant magnetic field applied parallel to the electrode surface are observed for the bioelectrocatalyzed oxidation of glucose and lactate by the GOx-electrode and LDH/NAD+ -PQQ-electrode, respectively...

Growth, reproductive performance, and indices of collagen maturation and expression were investigated in Balb/c mice fed chemically defined, amino acid-based diets with or without the addition 6 micro Mpyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ)/kg diet. The diets were fed to virgin mice for 8 weeks before breeding. At weaning, the pups from successful pregnancies were fed the same diet as their respective dams. Reproductive performance was compromised in mice fed diets devoid of PQQ, and their offspring grew at slower rates than offspring from mice fed diets supplemented with PQQ...

The preparation of integrated, electrically contacted, flavoenzyme and NAD(P)(+)-dependent enzyme-electrodes is described. The reconstitution of apo-glucose oxidase, apo-GOx, on a FAD cofactor linked to a pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ) phenylboronic acid monolayer yields an electrically contacted enzyme monolayer (surface coverage 2.1 x 10(-)(12) mol cm(-)(2)) exhibiting a turnover rate of 700 s(-)(1) (at 22 +/- 2 degrees C). The system is characterized by microgravimetric quartz-crystal microbalance analyses, Faradaic impedance spectroscopy, rotating disk electrode experiments, and cyclic voltammetry...

Magnetic switching of redox reactions and bioelectrocatalytic transformations is accomplished in the presence of relay-functionalized magnetite particles (Fe(3)O(4)). The electrochemistry of a naphthoquinone (1), pyrroloquinoline quinone (2; PQQ), microperoxidase-11 (3), a ferrocene derivative (4) and a bipyridinium derivative (5), functionalized magnetic particles, is switched "ON" and "OFF" by an external magnet upon the attraction of the magnetic particles to an electrode or their retraction from the electrode, respectively...

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Butane-grown "Pseudomonas butanovora" expressed two soluble alcohol dehydrogenases (ADHs), an NAD(+)-dependent secondary ADH and an NAD(+)-independent primary ADH. Two additional NAD(+)-dependent secondary ADHs could be detected when cells were grown on 2-butanol and lactate. The inducible NAD(+)-independent 1-butanol dehydrogenase (BDH) of butane-grown cells was primarily responsible for 1-butanol oxidation in the butane metabolism pathway. BDH was purified to near homogeneity and identified as a quinohaemoprotein, containing, per mol enzyme, 1...

An integrated NAD+-dependent enzyme field-effect transistor (ENFET) device for the biosensing of lactate is described. The aminosiloxane-functionalized gate interface is modified with pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ) that acts as a catalyst for the oxidation of NADH. Synthetic amino-derivative of NAD+ is covalently linked to the PQQ monolayer. An affinity complex formed between the NAD+/PQQ-assembly and the NAD+-cofactor-dependent lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) is crosslinked and yields an integrated biosensor ENFET-device for the analysis of lactate...