urinary albumin

BACKGROUND: Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is a major complication of diabetes mellitus. Renal tubular epithelial cell (TEC) damage, which is strongly associated with the inflammatory response and mesenchymal trans-differentiation, plays a significant role in DKD; However, the precise molecular mechanism is unknown. The recently identified microRNA-630 (miR-630) has been hypothesized to be closely associated with cell migration, apoptosis, and autophagy. However, the association between miR-630 and DKD and the underlying mechanism remain unknown...

AIM: To create and validate a prediction model to identify patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) at high risk of new-onset heart failure (HF), including those treated with a sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitor. METHODS: A prediction model was developed from the Aliskiren Trial in Type 2 Diabetes Using Cardiorenal Endpoints (ALTITUDE), a trial in T2D patients with albuminuria or cardiovascular disease. We included 5081 patients with baseline N-terminal pro B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) measurement and no history of HF...

OBJECTIVE: To study the effects of acupuncture combined with the formula of Yi Qi Yang Yin and blood activating (A-YBF) on blood glucose levels and renal function in patients with early diabetic nephropathy. METHODS: 96 patients with early diabetic nephropathy treated in our hospital from April 2021 to April 2022 were included in the study and divided into the control group (conventional medical treatment) and the study group (A-YBF), with 48 cases in each group...

BACKGROUND: Higher temperatures are associated with higher rates of hospital admissions for nephrolithiasis and acute kidney injury. Occupational heat stress is also a risk factor for kidney dysfunction in resource-poor settings. It is unclear whether ambient heat exposure is associated with loss of kidney function in patients with established chronic kidney disease. We assessed the association between heat index and change in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) in participants from the DAPA-CKD trial in a post-hoc analysis...

An increased urinary albumin excretion rate is an important early risk factor for chronic kidney disease and other major outcomes and is usually measured using the urinary albumin-creatinine ratio (ACR). Obesity is highly prevalent in the general and chronic kidney disease populations and is an independent risk factor for moderately increased albuminuria (henceforth, moderate albuminuria). In this review, we describe how the ACR was developed and used to define moderate albuminuria. We then investigate how biases related to urinary creatinine excretion are introduced into the ACR measurement and how the use of the 30-mg/g threshold decreases the performance of the test in populations with higher muscle mass, with a primary focus on why and how this occurs in the obese population...

Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) poses a significant health challenge for individuals with diabetes. At its initial stages, DKD often presents asymptomatically, and the standard for non-invasive diagnosis, the albumin-creatinine ratio (ACR), employs discrete categorizations (normal, microalbuminuria, macroalbuminuria) with limitations in sensitivity and specificity across diverse population cohorts. Single biomarker reliance further restricts the predictive value in clinical settings. Given the escalating prevalence of diabetes, our study uses proteomic technologies to identify novel urinary proteins as supplementary DKD biomarkers...

BACKGROUND: In recent years, diabetic kidney disease (DKD) has emerged as a prominent factor contributing to end-stage renal disease. Tubulointerstitial inflammation and lipid accumulation have been identified as key factors in the development of DKD. Earlier research indicated that Astragaloside IV (AS-IV) reduces inflammation and oxidative stress, controls lipid accumulation, and provides protection to the kidneys. Nevertheless, the mechanisms responsible for its protective effects against DKD have not yet been completely elucidated...

RATIONALE & OBJECTIVE: Large differences between estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) based on cystatin C (eGFRcys) and creatinine (eGFRcr) occur commonly. A comprehensive evaluation of factors that contribute to these differences is needed to guide the interpretation of discrepant eGFR values. STUDY DESIGN: Cohort study. SETTING & PARTICIPANTS: 468,969 participants in the UK Biobank. EXPOSURES: Candidate sociodemographic, lifestyle factors, comorbidities, medication usage, and physical and laboratory predictors...

The main components of particulate matter (PM) had been reported to change DNA methylation levels. However, the mixed effect of PM and its constituents on DNA methylation and the underlying mechanism in children has not been well characterized. To investigate the association between single or mixture exposures and global DNA methylation or DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs), 273 children were recruited (110 in low-exposed area and 163 in high-exposed area) in China. Serum benzo[a]pyridin-7,8-dihydroglycol-9, 10-epoxide (BPDE)-albumin adduct and urinary metals were determined as exposure markers...

PURPOSE: Obesity, particularly abdominal obesity, is seen as a risk factor for diabetic complications. The weight-adjusted-waist index (WWI) is a recently developed index for measuring adiposity. Our goal was to uncover the potential correlation between the WWI index and diabetic kidney disease (DKD) risk. METHODS: This cross-sectional study included adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) who participated in the NHANES database (2007-2018). The WWI index was calculated as waist circumference (WC, cm) divided by the square root of weight (kg)...

OBJECTIVE: The current controversy surrounding the association between fasting blood glucose (FBG) and albuminuria necessitates further investigation. Hence, the primary objective of this study was to examine the relationship between FBG and urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR). METHODS: A cohort of complete data from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) participants (1999-2020) was analyzed. Linear regression analyses and a generalized additive model explored the association between FBG and UACR...

AIMS: To explore the correlation between visceral adipose tissue and albuminuria, and whether there is interaction between visceral adipose tissue and diabetes on albuminuria. METHODS: The study subjects were adult subjects (age ≥ 18 years) from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES) database of the USA in 2017-2018. Visceral fat area (VFA) was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Subjects were divided into three groups according to VFA: low (VFA 0-60cm2 ), medium (VFA 60-120 cm2 ) and high (VFA ≥ 120 cm2 )...

The kidney carries out a variety of physiological processes, including the excretion of nitrogenous waste products, maintenance of fluid, electrolyte, acid-base, and mineral homeostasis, regulation of blood pressure, as well as the synthesis and release of erythropoietin and other endocrine substances. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) can lead to end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. CKD has a long period of asymptomatic stage. The symptoms of CKD usually present at the advanced stage of the disease...

INTRODUCTION: Malnutrition is associated with increased mortality in patients with head and neck (H&N) cancer. Because albumin levels are used as a surrogate for nutritional status, the purpose of this study is to assess whether malnutrition is associated with adverse postoperative outcomes in H&N free flap reconstruction. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The 2006-2018 National Surgical Quality Improvement Program Database was queried for patients undergoing flap procedures of the H&N based on Current Procedure Terminology codes...

The Hippo pathway plays an important role in the growth, development, and regeneration of cells and organs. Transcriptional enhanced associate domain (TEAD), a transcription activator of the Hippo pathway, forms the complex with a transcriptional coactivator yes-associated protein (YAP) or a transcriptional coactivator PDZ-binding motif (TAZ). Their excessive activations are involved in carcinogenesis such as malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM), and thus inhibition of the TEAD complex is expected to have potent anticancer activity against MPM...

BACKGROUND: Urinary albumin-creatinine ratio (UACR) and estimated glomerular filtration rates (eGFR) help predict worsening diabetic kidney disease (DKD) but have their limitations. Soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor type 1 (sTNFR1) is a biomarker of DKD. The predictive abilities of sTNFR1 and UACR plus eGFR have not been compared. METHODS: This prospective cohort study included patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) to identify the risk factors of worsening DKD...

RATIONALE & OBJECTIVE: Evidence has demonstrated that albuminuria is a key diagnostic and prognostic marker of diabetic chronic kidney disease, but the impact of its day-to-day variability has not been adequately considered. This study quantified within-individual variability of albuminuria in people with type 2 diabetes to inform clinical albuminuria monitoring. STUDY DESIGN: Descriptive cross-sectional analysis. SETTING & PARTICIPANTS: People with type 2 diabetes (n=826, 67...

OBJECTIVE: To assess the cardiorenal protective effects of different doses of atorvastatin in patients with cardiorenal syndrome (CRS) Type-2. METHODS: Medical records of 113 patients with CRS Type-2, admitted to First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University from August 2021 to August 2022 and treated with atorvastatin, were retrospectively analyzed. Patients were retrospectively grouped based on the dosage of atorvastatin. A total of 38 patients who received 10mg/day atorvastatin were selected as a Low-dose group, 36 patients who received 20mg/day atorvastatin comprised a Medium-dose group, and 39 patients who received 40mg/day atorvastatin comprised a High-dose group...

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relevant risk factors of proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) in patients with Type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and their correlations with the central macular thickness (CMT). METHODS: This is a retrospective study. The clinical data of 300 patients with T2DM were collected and divided into a PDR group (observation group) and non-PDR group (control group) according to the occurrence of PDR in Aier Eye Hospital (Taiyuan) from February 2019 to February 2022...

BACKGROUND & AIM: Role of 24-h urinary copper excretion (UCE) in monitoring Wilson disease (WD) on combination (chelator + Zinc) therapy is not well studied, especially in the pediatric population. Hence, the present study is conducted with an aim to evaluate UCE and its role in deciding therapeutic adequacy in pediatric WD on long-term follow-up. METHODS: All WD patients <18 years of age and on combination therapy with at least one UCE available after the first year of treatment were included...