Tongue Pathology

Prompt diagnosis of oral cancers is critical to increase survival rates. Treatment for oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) is mainly driven by cancer stage and may include surgery alone or surgery with adjuvant or neoadjuvant radiation, chemotherapy, and/or targeted therapy. This article describes a case of a patient who was referred by his general dentist to an oral medicine clinic for assessment of an exophytic lesion on the left lateral tongue. The case report discusses the differential diagnosis and treatment, examining critical elements in lesion assessment in the patient, who had a significant oral lesion history and who was ultimately diagnosed with OSCC...

PURPOSE: The 8th edition of the American Joint Committee on Cancer staging system included the depth of invasion (DOI) for the T classification of oral cancer. However, no standardized method has been established to clinically measure the DOI. This study aimed to investigate the accuracy of MRI-based DOI for oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma (OTSCC) in each MRI sequence. METHODS: We enrolled 49 patients with histologically proven OTSCC, treated surgically between April 2017 and February 2021...

Persons treated with radiotherapy (RT) for cancer of the head and neck (HNC) may experience limited oral intake at treatment completion. The purpose of this retrospective study was to examine the contributions of tongue strength and maximum incisal opening (MIO) to oral intake in a cohort of veterans treated for HNC. Medical records of veterans diagnosed with HNC treated with RT who were seen by the Speech Pathology Service prior to and throughout treatment per usual care were reviewed for this study; eighty-two records met the inclusion criteria for analysis...

OBJECTIVE: Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most prevalent malignancy with late-presentation, site-specific heterogeneity, and high-propensity for recurrence/metastasis that has shown rise in mortality. Lately, research emphasize on dynamic interactions between tumor-cells and extracellular-matrix components within tumor-microenvironment that promote tissue integrity loss and carcinogenesis. Therefore, OSCC clinical-management is still challenging. DESIGN: Present study validated clinical utility of a 13 gene-panel in two chief sub-sites of OSCC: Buccal mucosa squamous cell carcinoma (BMSCC) (N = 50) and Tongue squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC) (N = 52) using qRT-PCR...

Tongue extramedullary plasmacytoma (EMP) with regional lymph node metastases is a very rare pathology. Despite being a rare entity, extramedullary plasmacytoma should be considered a differential diagnosis in cases of a mass or ulcer in the tongue. A 60-year-old lady presents with an ulcerative lesion over the right lateral border of the tongue with dimensions 3.5 × 2 cm for one year. Initially, on histopathological examination, a possibility of plasma cell neoplasm was suspected; on further IHC, serum protein electrophoresis, and radiological investigations, a definite diagnosis of solitary EMP of the right lateral border of the tongue with regional nodal metastases was confirmed...

BACKGROUND: Burning mouth syndrome is a chronic pain syndrome mainly characterized by an intensive burning sensation of tongue. Previous studies have suggested that saliva/serum biomarkers in burning mouth syndrome might be associated with psychological disorders. The aim of systematic review was to observe whether the biomarkers in serum/saliva could be an alternative method to evaluate the psychological disorders in patients with burning mouth syndrome. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases were searched for papers published up to March 15, 2023...

Amyloidosis is a relatively rare condition with an array of complex pathophysiology. Localized amyloidosis is a rare and benign condition that practically never results in any clinical repercussions in the head and neck area. Multiple soft nodules of the tongue, lip, and cheek are the most commonly described defining characteristics of localized oral amyloidosis. These nodules originate due to the proliferation of abnormally folded protein aggregates in the body's extracellular tissue compartments, which destroy organ structure and function...

There are very few case reports of the diagnosis and management of concurrent oral cavity and parapharyngeal space tumors. We present a case involving a 49-year-old female who presented with oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma confirmed by biopsy. Initial diagnostic workup revealed a concurrent parapharyngeal mass. Diagnostic studies and surgical therapy were tailored to account for both pathological entities. The patient was treated with a combination of surgery and adjuvant therapy. The surgical strategy was designed to address both lesions simultaneously...

BACKGROUND: Peripheral blood analysis is a non-invasive and low-cost technique of prognostic value for several diseases, including oral cancer. Considering the role of inducible nitric oxide synthase in tumor-associated inflammation, this study purposed to evaluate the influence of this enzyme on peripheral blood parameters and systemic inflammatory biomarkers during murine oral carcinogenesis. METHODS: A 50 μg/mL solution of 4-nitroquinoleine-N-oxide was provided to 15 C57BL/6J (Nos2+/+ ) and 16 B6...

PURPOSE: This study determined the contributions of the anterior and posterior tongue regions in tongue pressure generation during regular saliva swallows (SSs) and effortful swallows (ESs) completed under two different instructions. The association between tongue pressure and perceived effort to swallow was also examined. METHOD: Forty healthy adults without swallowing disorders participated in this study, divided into two age groups: 20 younger ( M age = 21.95 years, SD = 4...

The clinical manifestation of superficial candidiasis varies depending on the infectious sites and causative Candida species that brings a great challenge to diagnose or treat without mycological or pathological evidence in clinical settings. Oral mucosal candidiasis and onychomycosis are most common types of superficial candidiasis. Typically, oral mucosal candidiasis manifests as white or erythematous thrush coated on the tongue and other interior oral cavity; and onychomycosis caused by Candida spp. presents with thick, fragile, or cracked fingernails or toenails in yellow or white discoloration...

The diagnosis of head and neck spindle cell squamous carcinoma (SC-SCC) is often challenging. Lesions with a prominent inflammatory infiltrate and reactive vessels may have a granulation tissue-like appearance, therefore being difficult to distinguish from reactive lesions, like contact ulcers, post-intubation granulomas, inflammatory pseudotumors, or benign vascular lesions. In this study, we analyzed the clinicopathological features of a series of 17 head and neck SC-SCC with granulation tissue-like appearance...

PURPOSE: The study aimed to retrospectively identify the prognostic factors of surgically treated primary tongue squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC) cases and assess the benefits of surgical neck lymph node dissection (LND) in early-stage cancer. METHODS: Patients with primary TSCC with pT1-2N0-1M0 stage without distant metastasis who were treated with surgery during 2014-2016 at Xiangya Hospital, Central South University were included. Univariate and multivariate Cox models were constructed to explore prognostic factors of overall survival (OS), disease-free survival (DFS), and local recurrence-free survival (LRFS)...

Liposarcoma (LS) is one of the most common malignant tumors. However, oral LS is an extremely rare lesion that is often clinically misdiagnosed as a benign lesion because of its asymptomatic and indolent clinical course. In oral cavity, the tongue is the most frequent site for its occurrence.

Glycogenic acanthosis (GA) is a benign lesion characterized by elevated, small, white plaques commonly detected in the esophageal mucosa. To date, only 6 cases have been reported in the English literature documenting its involvement in the oral cavity. Herein we report a case of large GA on the ventrolateral aspect of the tongue in a 42-year-old male (third case reported on the tongue). Histologically, the lesion was characterized by acanthotic squamous epithelium with glycogen-rich, clear cells located in the upper layers of the epithelium...

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to establish a combined method of radiomics and deep learning (DL) in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to predict lymph node metastasis (LNM) preoperatively in patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue. STUDY DESIGN: In total, MR images of 196 patients with lingual squamous cell carcinoma were divided into training (n = 156) and test (n = 40) cohorts. Radiomics and DL features were extracted from MR images and selected to construct machine learning models...

THE AIM OF THE STUDY: Was to explore the accumulation and distribution of the photosensitizer Photoditazine in the oral mucosa when applied to pathological lesions in patients with severe forms of lichen planus. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A clinical and laboratory examination was carried out in 50 patients with severe forms of lichen planus (bullous and erosive-ulcerative) aged 18 to 70 years, including 6 men and 44 women. For autofluorescent imaging a LED device with a wavelength in the violet region of the spectrum (400±10 nm) was used...

INTRODUCTION: Chordomas are rare malignant neoplasms that can originate anywhere along the cerebrospinal axis. However, they are most commonly found in the spine, cranium, and sacrococcygeal region. Chordomas can manifest differently depending on their location and most symptoms are a result of local invasion. We present a rare case of intracranial clival chordoma that manifested as isolated unilateral cranial nerve XII (CN XII) palsy. PRESENTATION: A 53-year-old male presented to the neurosurgical clinic with headaches, dysarthria, and pharyngeal pain...

Background: Oral Submucosal Fibrosis (OSF) and Oral Leukoplakia (OLK) are well-known oral potentially malignant disorders, and cases of Oral Submucosal Fibrosis concomitant Oral Leukoplakia (OSF+OLK) are now being reported clinically. DNA image cytometry is an objective and non-invasive method for monitoring the risk of precancerous lesions in the oral cavity. Methods: A total of 111 patients with clinically characterized oral mucosal lesions underwent simultaneous and independent histopathological and DNA imaging cytometry assessments...

BACKGROUND: Tongue cancer is associated with debilitating diseases and poor prognostic outcomes. The use of imaging techniques like ultrasonography to assist in the clinical management of affected patients is desirable, but its reliability remains debatable. Therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate the importance of ultrasound use for the clinicopathological management of tongue cancer. METHODS: A scoping review was carried out using specific search strategies in the following electronic databases: PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar...