keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37864435/morphological-description-of-the-alimentary-canal-and-adnexal-glands-in-amazilia-tzacatl-amazilia-saucerottei-amazilia-amabilis-and-anthrachotorax-nigricollis-species
#21
JOURNAL ARTICLE
John Edisson Muñoz-Zuluaga, Julián Andrés Monroy-Hurtado, Julián David Muñoz-Duque, Luz Natalia Franco-Montoya, Lynda Tamayo-Arango
The hummingbird family (Trochilidae) includes the smallest and most metabolically active vertebrates. They have a high energy demand because of their extraordinarily high metabolic rates during hovering while looking for food. The morphology of the digestive apparatus is related to the feeding habits of the species. The anatomy and histology of the digestive apparatus in these birds have not been thoroughly described except for their tongue. Therefore, this study aimed to describe the gross anatomy and histology of the alimentary canal and adnexal glands in four species from the hummingbird family: Amazilia tzacatl (n = 2), Amazilia saucerottei (n = 1), Amazilia amabilis (n = 1) and Anthracothorax nigricollis (n = 1)...
October 21, 2023: Anatomia, Histologia, Embryologia
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37840464/fusion-extracted-features-from-deep-learning-for-identification-of-multiple-positioning-errors-in-dental-panoramic-imaging
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hsin-Yueh Su, Shang-Ting Hsieh, Kun-Zhe Tsai, Yu-Li Wang, Chi-Yuan Wang, Shih-Yen Hsu, Kuo-Ying Liu, Yung-Hui Huang, Ya-Wen Wei, Nan-Han Lu, Tai-Been Chen
BACKGROUND: Dental panoramic imaging plays a pivotal role in dentistry for diagnosis and treatment planning. However, correctly positioning patients can be challenging for technicians due to the complexity of the imaging equipment and variations in patient anatomy, leading to positioning errors. These errors can compromise image quality and potentially result in misdiagnoses. OBJECTIVE: This research aims to develop and validate a deep learning model capable of accurately and efficiently identifying multiple positioning errors in dental panoramic imaging...
October 9, 2023: Journal of X-ray Science and Technology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37839447/using-salamanders-as-model-taxa-to-understand-vertebrate-feeding-constraints-during-the-late-devonian-water-to-land-transition
#23
REVIEW
Daniel Schwarz, Egon Heiss, Todd W Pierson, Nicolai Konow, Rainer R Schoch
The vertebrate water-to-land transition and the rise of tetrapods brought about fundamental changes for the groups undergoing these evolutionary changes (i.e. stem and early tetrapods). These groups were forced to adapt to new conditions, including the distinct physical properties of water and air, requiring fundamental changes in anatomy. Nutrition (or feeding) was one of the prime physiological processes these vertebrates had to successfully adjust to change from aquatic to terrestrial life. The basal gnathostome feeding mode involves either jaw prehension or using water flows to aid in ingestion, transportation and food orientation...
December 4, 2023: Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37786126/cross-platform-assessment-of-cbct-based-dose-evaluations-for-head-and-neck-cancer-proton-therapy
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
N Vatterodt, U V Elstrøm, S S Korreman
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S): Regularly scheduled repeat CT (reCT) scans are commonly used in proton therapy to evaluate dose and assess need for replanning. To reduce workload and minimize patient procedures, it is desired to move towards on-demand CT acquisition. The purpose of this study is to assess the suitability of CBCT-based dose evaluation to replace prescheduled reCTs for triggering replanning need in head and neck cancer proton therapy. We performed a cross-platform and cross-methodology investigation of three commercially available methods compared to evaluation on reCT...
October 1, 2023: International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology, Physics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37782166/ultrasonographic-evaluation-of-the-postoperative-airway-edema-after-robotic-prostatectomy-a-single-center-observational-study
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
B G Aytac, Ö B Soyal
OBJECTIVE: During general anesthesia, different parts of the upper airway can change for various reasons, such as intravenous fluids, airway trauma due to airway devices used, stasis in tissues due to position, reactions to medications used, etc. For many reasons, edema in the airway or the surrounding tissue can narrow the airway. This study compares preoperative and postoperative ultrasound measurements of upper airway anatomy in patients with robotic radical prostatectomy in the Trendelenburg position...
September 2023: European Review for Medical and Pharmacological Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37751161/the-evolution-of-flower-pollinator-trait-matching-and-why-do-some-alpine-gingers-appear-to-be-mismatched
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Bo Wang, Ze-Yu Tong, Ying-Ze Xiong, Xiao-Fan Wang, W Scott Armbruster, Shuang-Quan Huang
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Morphological matching between flower and pollinator traits has been documented in diverse plant lineages. Indeed, the matching of corolla-tube length and pollinator-tongue length has been cited repeatedly as a classic case of coevolution. However, there are many possible evolutionary routes to trait matching. Our aim here is both to review the evolutionary mechanisms of plant-pollinator trait matching and to investigate a specific case of trait matching/mismatching in a genus of alpine gingers...
September 26, 2023: Annals of Botany
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37745254/the-avian-taste-system
#27
REVIEW
Shahram Niknafs, Marta Navarro, Eve R Schneider, Eugeni Roura
Taste or gustation is the sense evolving from the chemo-sensory system present in the oral cavity of avian species, which evolved to evaluate the nutritional value of foods by detecting relevant compounds including amino acids and peptides, carbohydrates, lipids, calcium, salts, and toxic or anti-nutritional compounds. In birds compared to mammals, due to the relatively low retention time of food in the oral cavity, the lack of taste papillae in the tongue, and an extremely limited secretion of saliva, the relevance of the avian taste system has been historically undermined...
2023: Frontiers in Physiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37708504/three-dimensional-visualization-of-predatory-gastropod-feeding-teeth-with-synchrotron-scanning
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Gregory S Herbert, Stephen A Hill, Maria Jose Pio, Ryan Carney, Amber Carlson, Elis Newham, Jen A Bright
Several families of neogastropod mollusks independently evolved the ability to drill through mineralized prey skeletons using their own mineralized feeding teeth, sometimes with shell-softening chemical agents produced by an organ in the foot. Teeth with more durable tooth shapes should extend their use and improve predator performance, but past studies have described only the cusped-side of teeth, mostly overlooking morphologies related to functional interactions between teeth. Here, we describe the three-dimensional morphology of the central drilling tooth (rachidian) from four species of the neogastropod family Muricidae using synchrotron tomographic microscopy and assemble a three-dimensional model of a multitooth series in drilling position for two of them to investigate their dynamic form...
October 2023: Journal of Morphology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37639535/clinical-neurology-in-practice-the-tongue-part-1
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Stéphane Mathis, Guilhem Solé, Nathalie Damon-Perrière, Marie Rouanet-Larrivière, Fanny Duval, Julia Prigent, Louis Nadal, Yann Péréon, Gwendal Le Masson
BACKGROUND: The tongue is an essential organ for the development of certain crucial functions, such as swallowing and language. The examination of the tongue can be very useful in neurology, as the various types of lingual alterations can lead to certain specific diagnoses, the tongue being a kind of "mirror" of some neurological function. REVIEW SUMMARY: In this study, we reviewed the literature on anatomy, physiology, and the various aspects of the examination of the tongue...
August 25, 2023: Neurologist
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37623166/anatomic-features-of-the-nasal-and-pharyngeal-region-do-not-influence-pap-therapy-response
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Christopher Seifen, Nadine Angelina Schlaier, Johannes Pordzik, Anna-Rebekka Staufenberg, Christoph Matthias, Haralampos Gouveris, Katharina Bahr-Hamm
The objective of this study was to investigate to which extent anatomic features of the nasal and pharyngeal region contribute to the severity of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and positive airway pressure (PAP) therapy response. Therefore, 93 patients (mean age 57.5 ± 13.0 years, mean body mass index 32.2 ± 5.80 kg/m2 , 75 males, 18 females) diagnosed with OSA who subsequently started PAP therapy were randomly selected from the databank of a sleep laboratory of a tertiary university medical center...
August 15, 2023: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37620036/point-of-care-ultrasound-for-airway-management-in-the-emergency-and-critical-care-setting
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Michael Gottlieb, James R O'Brien, Nicholas Ferrigno, Tina Sundaram
Airway management is a common procedure within Emergency and Critical Care Medicine. Traditional techniques for predicting and managing a difficult airway each have important limitations. As the field has evolved, point-of-care ultrasound has been increasingly utilized for this application. Several measures can be used to sonographically predict a difficult airway, including skin to epiglottis, hyomental distance, and tongue thickness. Ultrasound can also be used to confirm endotracheal tube intubation and assess endotracheal tube depth...
August 25, 2023: Clinical and Experimental Emergency Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37540288/the-ptotic-tongue-imaging-appearance-and-pathology-localization-along-the-course-of-the-hypoglossal-nerve
#32
REVIEW
Vineet Vijay Gorolay, Ngoc-Anh Tran, Ryan Tade, Kristen Baugnon, Ashley Aiken, Xin Wu
CT and MRI findings of tongue ptosis and atrophy should alert radiologists to potential pathology along the course of the hypoglossal nerve (cranial nerve XII), a purely motor cranial nerve which supplies the intrinsic and extrinsic muscles of the tongue. While relatively specific for hypoglossal nerve pathology, these findings do not accurately localize the site or cause of denervation. A detailed understanding of the anatomic extent of the nerve, which crosses multiple anatomic spaces, is essential to identify possible underlying pathology, which ranges from benign postoperative changes to life-threatening medical emergencies...
October 2023: Neuroradiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37538037/hypoglossal-nerve-stimulation-therapy-outcomes-in-apnea-versus-hypopnea-predominant-patients
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Thomas Z Gao, Jianing Ma, Daniel Hall, Xueliang Pan, Vijay K Rings, Ali Zia, Micah K Harris, Eugene G Chio
OBJECTIVES: The influence of apnea- and hypopnea-predominance on hypoglossal nerve stimulation therapy outcomes (HGNS) is still poorly defined. We assessed the significance of apnea- and hypopnea-predominance in HGNS outcomes. STUDY DESIGN: Case series with chart review. SETTING: Single-institution tertiary care center. METHODS: A total of 216 subjects were included, all of which had undergone drug-induced sleep endoscopy (DISE) and HGNS implantation...
August 4, 2023: Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37527572/intraoral-anastomosis-for-primary-microsurgical-reconstruction-in-patients-of-oral-cavity-malignancies-retrospective-analysis-of-30-cases-from-a-tertiary-care-center-in-india
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Akhil Garg, Vinay K Verma, Rahul Kapoor, Surender Kumar Dabas
INTRODUCTION: In patients undergoing either robotic neck dissection or no neck dissection, the neck recipient vessels for the free flaps remain unexposed. Intraoral vessels have been successfully used as microvascular recipients but their use in intraoral malignancies is uncommon. We describe our initial experience of using intraoral recipients in 30 patients with oral cavity malignancies. METHODS: For this retrospective observational study, the hospital records of all patients who underwent microvascular reconstruction using intraoral recipient vessels over a 14-month period at a tertiary care hospital in India were studied...
May 30, 2023: Journal of Plastic, Reconstructive & Aesthetic Surgery: JPRAS
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37519048/differences-in-the-morphological-structure-of-the-human-tongue
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Klaudia Kulig, Maksymilian Wiśniowski, Karolina Thum-Tyzo, Renata Chałas
BACKGROUND: The tongue exhibits significant individual variability in terms of shape, color, and surface texture. Due to its location, it is easily accessible for medical examination, although often overlooked. This is due to the inadequate number of studies assessing the morphology of the tongue in the healthy population. Determining the range of normalcy allows for the definition of tongue pathology requiring further diagnostics. The aim of this study is to assess differences in the morphological structure of the tongue in healthy individuals based on existing literature...
July 31, 2023: Folia Morphologica (Warsz)
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37465985/a-case-of-epiglottic-entrapment-in-a-cat
#36
Diana Victoria Arbona, Chap Pratt, Caitlin Tearney, Stephanie Istvan
OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to describe a case of epiglottic entrapment in a cat. CASE SUMMARY: A 5-month-old male neutered Russian Blue cat was evaluated for progressive stertorous upper airway sounds, acute onset vestibulopathy and abnormal laryngeal anatomy. Endotracheal intubation was only able to be achieved using videoscopic guidance and identified concern for severe nasopharyngeal stenosis. A computerized tomography scan revealed otitis interna, narrowed nasopharynx and no definitive cause for the stertorous breathing...
July 19, 2023: Veterinary Medicine and Science
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37462196/facial-contour-features-measured-on-ct-reflects-upper-airway-morphology-in-patients-with-osa
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Zishanbai Zhang, Dance Sun, Yajie Jia, Nanxi Fei, Yanru Li, Demin Han
OBJECTIVE: To determine facial contour features, measured on computed tomography (CT), related to upper airway morphology in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA); certain phenotype of facial abnormalities implying restriction of craniofacial skeleton and adipose tissue nimiety has predicted the value of the severity of OSA. MATERIALS AND METHOD: Sixty-four male patients with OSA [apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) ≥10/h] who had upper airway CT were randomly selected to quantitatively measure indicators of facial contour and upper airway structures...
July 18, 2023: Journal of Craniofacial Surgery
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37448496/the-anatomy-of-death
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lopa Mehta
Medical science does not treat death as an independent physiological phenomenon. It believes that disease is the cause of death and treats both as preventable phenomena. Doctors and relatives nurture a guilt complex when death occurs. The moment of natural death is robbed of its poignancy. There is no cause of death. Death of the physical body is an intrinsic, time governed, built-in ontolytic program. It completes the biologic trajectory of the individual organism which begins at conception and ends with death...
2023: Journal of Craniovertebral Junction and Spine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37403546/a-morphological-investigation-of-the-tongue-of-roe-deer-capreolus-capreolus-linnaeus-1758
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sedef Selviler-Sizer, Semih Kurt, Betül Kanik, Şerife Tütüncü, Burcu Onuk, Murat Kabak
The morphological structure of the tongue and papillae that occur on it vary according to an animal's lifestyle, nutrition, and adaptation to various environmental conditions. This study aimed to reveal in detail the morphological, histological, and electron microscopic structure of the tongue of roe deer (Capreolus capreolus Linnaeus, 1758). In this study, nine roe tongues were used. The tongue consists of three parts: the apex, body, and root. When the dorsal surface of the tongue was examined in detail, five different papillae were observed: filiform, lenticular, conical, fungiform, and vallate...
July 5, 2023: Microscopy Research and Technique
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37390103/anatomical-oropharyngeal-cavity-specialisations-in-the-cutlassfish-trichiurus-lepturus-linnaeus-1758
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Neveen E R El-Bakary, Mohamed A M Alsafy, Catrin S Rutland, Samir A A El-Gendy, Basma M Kamal
Trichiurus lepturus is a carnivorous fish, and most of the previous anatomical research has focused on computed tomography imaging and histology of their teeth and fangs, while the remaining structures of pharyngeal cavity remain unexplored. The present research is the first to use anatomical examinations alongside scanning electron microscopy to investigate the T. lepturus oral cavity. The oropharyngeal roof included teeth, upper lip, rostral and caudal velum and the palate. The middle of the palate showed a median groove flanked by two folds, followed by a median band flanked by micro-folds, thereafter the palate became crescent shaped...
June 30, 2023: Anatomia, Histologia, Embryologia
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