ASV

Arsenic (As)-resistant bacteria are abundant in the rhizosphere and tissues of As-hyperaccumulator Pteris vittata. However, little is known about their roles in As transformation and As uptake in P. vittata. In this study, the impacts of P. vittata tissue extracts with or without surface sterilization on As transformation in solutions containing 100 μg L(-1) AsIII or AsV were investigated. After 48 h incubation, the sterilized and unsterilized root extracts resulted in 45% and 73% oxidation of AsIII, indicating a role of both rhizobacteria and endobacteria...

Arsenic contamination in drinking water is a worldwide issue, posing threat to human health. Arsenic is an endocrine system disruptor, however, limited information is available regarding its long-term effects on thyroid endocrine system at low exposure. In this study, we assessed the thyroid toxicity of arsenate (AsV) and arsenite (AsIII) at 10-100 μg L(-1) in juvenile mice after 8-week of exposure via drinking water. After 1-2 week, AsV and AsIII had little influence on thyroxine (T4) level (56.3-64.7 μg L(-1)) in mouse blood compared to control mice at 57...

In this work, nZVI was immobilized by bamboo derived biochars (nZVI/BB), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) (nZVI/PBB) and nitric acid (HNO3) (nZVI/HBB) modified BB. H2O2 and HNO3 deceased surface area and pore volume of pristine biochars. Total iron (Fe) contents were 16.50, 24.40, and 13.08% for nZVI/BB, nZVI/PBB and nZVI/HBB, respectively. The X-ray diffraction revealed that nZVI in biochar matrix was dominantly metallic Fe coated with Fe oxides. The transmission electron microscopy indicated nZVI particle sizes were 41...

The risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) development is reduced following viral elimination by interferon therapy in chronic hepatitis C patients. However, the risk in patients treated with interferon-free direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) is unknown. We evaluated chronic hepatitis C patients who achieved viral eradication by pegylated-interferon plus ribavirin (PEG-IFN/RBV, n = 244) or daclatasvir plus asunaprevir (DCV/ASV, n = 154) therapy. None of the patients had prior history of HCC or antiviral therapy...

BACKGROUND: In May 2015, the results of the SERVE-HF trial - addressing adaptive servoventilation (ASV) in chronic congestive heart failure (CHF) patients with central sleep apnea (CSA) - prompted a field safety notice. It was recommended to identify CHF patients treated with ASV and to advise the discontinuation of the treatment. We aimed to analyze the identification process and effect of ASV discontinuation on affected patients. METHODS: 126 patients treated with ASV on May 13th, 2015 at our institution were retrospectively analyzed...

Recent advances have made it possible to analyze high-throughput marker-gene sequencing data without resorting to the customary construction of molecular operational taxonomic units (OTUs): clusters of sequencing reads that differ by less than a fixed dissimilarity threshold. New methods control errors sufficiently such that amplicon sequence variants (ASVs) can be resolved exactly, down to the level of single-nucleotide differences over the sequenced gene region. The benefits of finer resolution are immediately apparent, and arguments for ASV methods have focused on their improved resolution...

Adaptive servo-ventilation (ASV) is a recently-developed non-invasive therapy that improves the clinical course of heart failure (HF) patients. However, the precise hemodynamic response and predictors of ASV therapy remain uncertain. Overall, 69 patients with New York Heart Association HF class II-IV underwent 10-minute ASV testing along with hemodynamic studies. Among them, 21 (30%) achieved an acute response, which was defined as an increase in the cardiac index (CI) during ASV. ΔLeft ventricular end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP) did not correlate with ΔCI, whereas Δtransmural LVEDP, which was calculated by subtracting right ventricular end-diastolic pressure (RVEDP) from LVEDP, and ΔCI were positively correlated, similar to the ascending limb of Frank-Starling's law (P = 0...

Importance: Sleep apnea (obstructive and central) is associated with adverse cardiovascular risk factors and increased risks of cardiovascular disease. Positive airway pressure (PAP) provides symptomatic relief, whether delivered continuously (CPAP) or as adaptive servo-ventilation (ASV), but the associations with cardiovascular outcomes and death are unclear. Objective: To assess the association of PAP vs control with cardiovascular events and death in patients with sleep apnea...

BACKGROUND: The primary objective of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of using acupressure as an adjunctive therapy to sodium valproate (SV) combined with acupressure (ASV) on the prevention of chronic migraine with aura (CMA). METHODS: A total of 98 patients with CMA were randomly divided into an intervention group and a control group, with 49 patients in each group. The patients in the intervention group received ASV, while the participants in the control group received SV alone...

BACKGROUND: There is an equipoise regarding closed-loop ventilation modes and the ability to reduce workload for providers. On one hand some settings are managed by the ventilator but on another hand the automatic mode introduces new settings for the user. METHODS: This randomized controlled trial compared the number of manual ventilator setting changes between a full closed loop ventilation and oxygenation mode (INTELLiVENT-ASV®) and conventional ventilation modes (volume assist control and pressure support) in intensive care unit (ICU) patients...

We analyzed our stone-free rates of PNL with regard to stone burden and its ratio to the renal collecting system volume. Data of 164 patients who underwent PNL were analyzed retrospectively. Volume segmentation of renal collecting system and stones were done using 3D segmentation software with the images obtained from CT data. Analyzed stone volume (ASV) and renal collecting system volume (RCSV) were measured and the ASV-to-RCSV ratio was calculated after the creation of a 3D surface volume rendering of renal stones and the collecting system...

Young children are at greatest risk of exposure to lead and its effects. Although lead is one of the most widely used elements with known health hazard, there is little data on the blood lead level (BLL) of children in the Kathmandu Valley. Thus, this study aimed to assess factors associated with high BLL in children who were 6-36 months of age and resided in the Kathmandu Valley. In this hospital-based cross-sectional study 6-36 month-old children visiting the Paediatrics Outpatient Department of Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital, Patan Hospital, and Siddhi Memorial Hospital were enrolled...

BACKGROUND: Daclatasvir (DCV; non-structural [NS]5A inhibitor) plus asunaprevir (ASV; NS3 inhibitor) plus beclabuvir (BCV; non-nucleoside NS5B inhibitor) is an approved regimen for hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotype (GT)-1 treatment in Japan. A comprehensive analysis of pre-treatment and treatment-emergent HCV resistance to this regimen ± ribavirin (RBV) was performed. METHODS: Data were pooled from five phase 2/3 studies of DCV+ASV+BCV±RBV given for 12 weeks to GT-1a- or GT-1b-infected patients...

Scientific conferences are most beneficial to participants when they showcase significant new experimental developments, accurately summarize the current state of the field, and provide strong opportunities for collaborative networking. A top-notch slate of invited speakers, assembled by conference organizers or committees, is key to achieving these goals. The perceived underrepresentation of female speakers at prominent scientific meetings is currently a popular topic for discussion, but one that often lacks supportive data...

Most of the studies on the appropriate dose of anti-snake venom (ASV) are from tertiary hospitals and the guidelines are unclear. Our observational study compared the outcomes of two prevalent treatment regimes for haematotoxic snake bite in a secondary care hospital in South India. The time to normalisation of whole blood clotting time, mortality and complications were not different between the groups. The average dose of ASV required in the low and high dose groups were 106 mL and 246 mL, respectively...

The arsenic (As) hyperaccumulating fern species Pteris vittata (PV) is capable of accumulating large quantities of As in its aboveground tissues. Transformation to AsIII and vacuolar sequestration is believed to be the As detoxification mechanism in PV. Here we present evidence for a preponderance of exocellular As in fronds of Pteris vittata despite numerous reports of a tolerance mechanism involving intracellular compartmentalization. Results of an extraction experiment show that 43-71% of the As extruded out of the fronds of PV grown in 0...

BACKGROUND: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is known to affect long-term patient and graft survivals after kidney transplantation (KT). Recently, combination therapy with the use of 2 oral direct-acting antivirals, daclatasvir (DCV) and asunaprevir (ASV) reportedly showed a high rate of HCV eradication. We report the safety and efficacy of DCV and ASV therapy in 2 KT patients. METHODS: The safety and viral responses were investigated in a prospective study of KT patients infected with HCV genotype 1...

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES: The optimal anti-snake venom (ASV) dose required to treat neurotoxic snake envenomation is not known. Low-dose ASV (national protocol: maximum dose 200 ml) may be as efficacious as the conventional regimen (100 ml six hourly till all symptoms disappear), but a direct comparison of the regimens is not available. The aim of this study was to test the efficacy of low-dose ASV regimen against the conventional high-dose regimen. METHODS: The clinical profile of 51 patients with neurotoxic snake envenomation was studied...

BACKGROUND: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is common in hemodialysis patients and worsens their prognosis, while antiviral therapy options are limited. Recently, clinical trial and real-world, small-scale studies have reported excellent responses to direct-acting antivirals in patients with advanced chronic kidney diseases. However, real-world, large-scale data were lacking. This large multicenter analysis included HCV-infected hemodialysis patients receiving combination therapy with a nonstructural protein 5A (NS5A) inhibitor, daclatasvir (DCV), and a protease inhibitor, asunaprevir (ASV)...

BACKGROUND: The conventional method for ventilation is supported by accommodative or adaptive support ventilation (ASV) that the latter method is done with two methods: ASV minute ventilation (mv): 110% and ASV mv: 120%. Regarding these methods this study compared the differences in duration of mechanical ventilation and hemodynamic changes during recovery and length of stay in Intensive Care Units (ICU). MATERIALS AND METHODS: In a clinical trial study, forty patients candidate for ventilation were selected and randomly divided into two groups of A and B...