streching

A membrane adsorbent was successfully made from palm empty fruit bunches (PEFB), which was pyrolysed as physical activation. The effect of adding the impact of one-step catalyst (hydrochloric acid) and differences in the concentration on the characteristics and structure and deconvolution are investigated in this study. The results of the research have been successfully created and characterised using Fourier-Transform Infrared (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) isotherm, and membrane morphology using SEM test...

OBJECTIVE: Timely publication of clinical trial results is central for evidence-based medicine. In this follow-up study we benchmark the performance of German university medical centers (UMCs) regarding timely dissemination of clinical trial results in recent years. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING: Following the same search and tracking methods used in our previous study for the years 2009 - 2013, we identified trials led by German UMCs completed between 2014 and 2017 and tracked results dissemination for the identified trials...

OBJECTIVE: To examine how and when the results of COVID-19 clinical trials are disseminated. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. SETTING: The COVID-19 clinical trial landscape. PARTICIPANTS: 285 registered interventional clinical trials for the treatment and prevention of COVID-19 completed by 30 June 2020. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Overall reporting and reporting by dissemination route (ie, by journal article, preprint or results on a registry); time to reporting by dissemination route...

OBJECTIVE: To verify the effect of 10-min static stretching on the triceps surae mechanical properties. DESIGN: Quasi-experimental one-group pre test-post test study compared the time points of before, after, and minute by minute of one session of triceps surae passive static stretching. METHODS: 15 participants performed a 10-min plantar flexor passive static stretching on the isokinetic dynamometer. We evaluated passive torque and myotendinous junction (MTJ) displacement before, minute by minute, and after the intervention...

BACKGROUND: In the course of the COVID-19 pandemic, the biomedical research community's attempt to focus the attention on fighting COVID-19, led to several challenges within the field of research ethics. However, we know little about the practical relevance of these challenges for Research Ethics Committees (RECs). METHODS: We conducted a qualitative survey across all 52 German RECs on the challenges and potential solutions with reviewing proposals for COVID-19 studies...

Somatic cell genome editing (SCGE) is highly promising for therapeutic innovation. This study demonstrates that the majority of 46 preclinical SCGE studies discussed in reviews as particularly promising for clinical translation do not report on key elements for robust and confirmatory research practices: randomization, blinding, sample size calculation, data handling, pre-registration, multi-centric study design, and independent confirmation. We present the here-examined reporting standards and the new National Institutes of Health (NIH) funding criteria for SCGE research as a viable solution to protect this promising field from backlashes...

OBJECTIVES: Publication bias, non-publication, and selective reporting of animal studies limit progress toward the 3Rs (Replacement, Reduction, and Refinement) that guide ethical animal testing, waste public resources, and result in redundant research, which collectively undermine the public's trust in scientific reliability. In this study, we aimed to 1) validate findings from a previous follow-up study by our team that examined the publication rates of animal studies from protocol to publication and 2) identify incentives for improving publication rates in animal research...

BACKGROUND: When including participants with dementia in research, various ethical issues arise. At present, there are only a few existing dementia-specific research guidelines (Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use in Clinical investigation of medicines for the treatment Alzheimer's disease (Internet). https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/clinical-investigation-medicines-treatment-alzheimers-disease ; Food and Drug Administration, Early Alzheimer's Disease: Developing Drugs for Treatment Guidance for Industry [Internet]...

BACKGROUND: Informed consent documents for clinical studies should disclose all reasonably foreseeable risks and benefits. Little guidance exists on how to navigate the complexities of risk-benefit communication, especially in early clinical research. Practice-oriented development of such guidance should be informed by evidence on what and how details of risks and benefits are currently communicated. METHOD: We surveyed the responsible parties of phase I/II trials registered in ClinicalTrials...

The results of all clinical drug trials should be published promptly and nonselectively after trial completion. The publication of results appears as a central ethical rule in the Declaration of Helsinki of the World Medical Association. German university hospitals are increasingly being criticized for not meeting these requirements sufficiently.In this article, different forms of publication of clinical drug trial results are discussed (summary results on registries and journal articles) and the current performance of German university hospitals is analyzed...

AIM: Meaningful and ethical phase I/II trials can only be conducted with supportive prospective risk-benefit assessment. This relies largely on preclinical animal studies addressing the safety and efficacy of treatments. These studies are reported in an Investigator's Brochure (IB) to inform ethics review boards and regulatory authorities. Our study investigated the extent, reporting quality and accessibility of preclinical safety studies (PCSSs) compiled in IBs. METHODS: We analysed a sample of 46 IBs for phase I/II trials approved at a leading German university medical centre from 2010 to 2016...

Progress in precision medicine relies on the access to, use of, and exchange of genomic and associated clinical data, including from children. The ethical, legal, and social issues (ELSI) of such data access, use, and exchange may be accentuated in the pediatric context due in part to the highly sensitive nature of genomic data, children's consent-related vulnerabilities, and uncertain risks of reidentification. Systematic analyses of the ELSI and scientific reasons for why and how genomic data may be shared responsibly are, however, limited...

OBJECTIVES: In 2016, we invited interested citizens to participate in the "ethics university on regenerative medicine" at Hannover Medical School. The present study analyses if and how this discursive and informative event inspired participants to form their own opinion on the issues at hand and to develop their general ethics literacy. METHODS: The "ethics university" was performed twice in 2016; each run consisted of four single consecutive events...

OBJECTIVE: To determine and compare the clinical outcome of Cyriax manipulation and traditional physical therapy for the treatment of cervical discogenic problems in terms of pain, range of motion and disability. METHODS: The randomised controlled trial was conducted at Benazir Bhutto Hospital, Rawalpindi, Pakistan, from January to June, 2018, and comprised patients having prolapsed intervertebral disc with neck or arm pain who were then randomly allocated into control and experimental groups using the sealed envelope method...

BACKGROUND: The promises of improved health care and health research through data-intensive applications rely on a growing amount of health data. At the core of large-scale data integration efforts, clinical data warehouses (CDW) are also responsible for data governance, managing data access and (re)use. As the complexity of the data flow increases, greater transparency and standardization of criteria and procedures are required in order to maintain objective oversight and control. Therefore, the development of practice oriented and evidence-based policies is crucial...

In this paper we describe the process and content of our ad hoc public health ethics consultation for a Bavarian health authority in relation to Covid-19.

This study focused on the remediation of a chronically diesel-polluted soil by combining an electrokinetic treatment with a variety of bioremediation approaches. Priority within the sequential treatment was given to electrokinetic remediation (EKR) since the application of natural attenuation (NA), biostimulation and site-specific bio-augmentation resulted in very low degradation performance for total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH) and polycyclic hydrocarbons (PAH). The application of 20-day EKR (1.0 V cm-1 with polarity reversal) led to 47...

We compute at the anharmonic level the vibrational spectra of the Watson-Crick dimer formed by guanosine (G) and cytidine (C) in chloroform, together with those of G, C and the most populated GG dimer. The spectra for deuterated and partially deuterated GC are also computed. We use DFT calculations, with B3LYP and CAM-B3LYP as reference functionals. Solvent effects from chloroform are included via the Polarizable Continuum Model (PCM), and by performing tests on models including up two chloroform molecules...

The reproducibility crisis triggered worldwide initiatives to improve rigor, reproducibility, and transparency in biomedical research. There are many examples of scientists, journals, and funding agencies adopting responsible research practices. The QUEST (Quality-Ethics-Open Science-Translation) Center offers a unique opportunity to examine the role of institutions. The Berlin Institute of Health founded QUEST to increase the likelihood that research conducted at this large academic medical center would be trustworthy, useful for scientists and society, and ethical...

Scald is a kind of common injury for human beings caused by contacting with hot liquids and/or vapor. Herein, we report the preparation of an advanced fabric for efficient scald-preventing by dip-coating a common polyester fabric in a hexadecyl polysiloxane (HD-POS) aqueous suspension, which was synthesized via a waterborne and nonfluorinated approach. Thanks to the hierarchical micro-/nanostructure of the fabric, stable bonding of the compact HD-POS layer on the polyester microfibers, and inherent high stability and elasticity of HD-POS, the fabric features excellent hot water repellency even for dynamic boiling water with a high water impalement resistance of up to 5 grades according to the water repellency grade test...