Centenarians

The feces of healthy middle-aged and old people were first transplanted into d-galactose-induced aging mice to construct humanized aging mice with gut microbiota (FMTC) to confirm the antiaging effect of probiotics produced from centenarians. The mouse model was then treated with centenarian-derived Bifidobacterium bifidum (FMTL), Lactobacillus casei (FMTB), and their mixtures (FMTM), and young mice were used as the control. Compared with the FMTC group, the results demonstrated that the probiotics and their combinations alleviated neuronal damage, increased antioxidant capacity, decreased inflammation, and enhanced cognitive and memory functions in aging mice...

In previous work we used a Somalogic platform targeting approximately 5000 proteins to generate a serum protein signature of centenarians that we validated in independent studies that used the same technology. We set here to validate and possibly expand the results by profiling the serum proteome of a subset of individuals included in the original study using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Following pre-processing, the LC-MS/MS data provided quantification of 398 proteins, with only 266 proteins shared by both platforms...

BACKGROUND: Alzheimer's disease (AD) prevalence increases with age, yet a small fraction of the population reaches ages > 100 years without cognitive decline. We studied the genetic factors associated with such resilience against AD. METHODS: Genome-wide association studies identified 86 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with AD risk. We estimated SNP frequency in 2281 AD cases, 3165 age-matched controls, and 346 cognitively healthy centenarians...

AIM: The serum creatinine/cystatin C ratio (CCR) or sarcopenia index is considered a useful marker of muscle mass. However, its usefulness in late-stage older adults remains unclear. We aimed to determine the usefulness of CCR as an indicator of sarcopenia in community-dwelling Japanese adults aged >75 years. METHODS: Our study recruited participants aged 70, 80, and 90 ± 1 years during the baseline years, and included a 3-year follow-up in the Septuagenarians, Octogenarians, Nonagenarians, Investigation with Centenarians study...

OBJECTIVE: To describe types and outcomes of elective otolaryngological surgeries undergone by patients ≥90 years of age and to assess whether very old age is an independent risk factor for postsurgical complications and death. METHODS: The National Surgical Quality Improvement Program, a validated national prospective surgical outcomes database, was used to identify all patients aged 65 years and older who underwent elective otolaryngological procedures from 2011 to 2020...

BACKGROUND: Centenarians are considered the most successful human biological aging model. However, the characteristics and patterns of research among centenarians have not been described or analyzed. Thus, this study aimed to disclose the historical landscape of global research on centenarians. METHODS: This bibliometric study investigated historical evidence on centenarian research published in the Scopus database. The bibliometrix package in R was used to perform visual and quantitative analyses of research metrics, trends, and patterns...

Aging is inevitable, but the lifespan (duration of life) and healthspan (healthy aging) vary greatly among individuals and across species. Unlocking the secrets behind these differences has captivated scientific curiosity for ages. This review presents relevant recent advances in genetics and cell biology that are shedding new light by untangling how subtle changes in conserved genes, pathways, and epigenetic factors influence organismal senescence and associated declines. Biogerontology is a complex and rapidly growing field aimed at elucidating genetic modifications that extend lifespan and healthspan...

Aging is a degenerative disease in which organisms and neurological functions decline. Emerging research has underscored the vital role of the gut microbiota in age-related processes. However, the identification of aging-associated core microbiota remains limited. In this investigation, we isolated a strain of B. pseudocatenulatum NCU-08 from the feces of centenarians and assessed its impact on aging using a mouse model induced by D-gal. Our study revealed the exceptional probiotic attributes of B. pseudocatenulatum NCU-08...

Centenarians provide a unique lens through which to study longevity, healthy aging, and resiliency. Moreover, models of human aging and resilience to disease that allow for the testing of potential interventions are virtually non-existent. We obtained and characterized over 50 centenarian and offspring peripheral blood samples including those connected to functional independence data highlighting resistance to disability and cognitive impairment. Targeted methylation arrays were used in molecular aging clocks to compare and contrast differences between biological and chronological age in these specialized subjects...

The APOE4 allele is recognized as a significant genetic risk factor to Alzheimer's disease (AD) and influences longevity. Nonetheless, some APOE4 carriers exhibit resistance to AD even in advanced age. Humanin, a mitochondrial-derived peptide comprising 24 amino acids, has variants linked to cognitive resilience and longevity. Our research uncovered a unique humanin variant, P3S, specifically enriched in centenarians with the APOE4 allele. Through in silico analyses and subsequent experimental validation, we demonstrated a strong affinity between humanin P3S and APOE4...

INTRODUCTION: Proximal femoral fractures in aging populations represent a significant concern, with an increasing prevalence among individuals aged ≥100 years. The existing research does not provide robust guidance for clinicians managing older patients aged ≥100 years with proximal femoral fractures. We investigated the safety and efficacy of surgical treatment in patients aged ≥100 years with proximal femoral fractures and evaluated the impact of early surgery on their outcomes...

Autoimmune diseases (ADs) are one of the groups of chronic illnesses that impose a significant burden of disease and health costs worldwide. Age is a crucial risk factor for the onset of ADs. Theoretically, it is inferred that with organic and immune system aging, the loss of immune tolerance and specificity of immune activity becomes more intense, the probability of autoimmunity is increasing. However, there is a group of individuals whose prevalence of ADs is very low or non-existent, despite the biological aging...

BACKGROUND: Population aging has become a primary global public health issue, and the prevention of age-associated diseases and prolonging healthy life expectancies are of particular importance. Gut microbiota has emerged as a novel target in various host physiological disorders including aging. Comprehensive understanding on changes of gut microbiota during aging, in particular gut microbiota characteristics of centenarians, can provide us possibility to achieving healthy aging or intervene pathological aging through gut microbiota-directed strategies...

INTRODUCTION: Due to the rapid advance of coronavírus SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) pandemic in 2020, social distancing was the main way to reduce the transmission of the virus. Although this measure was efficient and necessary, the social distancing had severe consequences for physical function, mainly in older individuals. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of social distancing in the functional and cognitive capacity of community-dwelling oldest-old adults. METHODS: The present study is part of a larger prospective cohort study...

To identify key factors affecting all-cause mortality in the elderly aged 80 years and above. Data from Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (2011-2018) were utilized ( N  = 3993). A healthy lifestyle score was obtained by assigning 8 factors: smoking, drinking, exercise, sleep duration, social activity, waist circumference, BMI, and healthful plant-based diet index. Cox regression and decision tree model were used to identify factors influencing the mortality risk. Lifestyle and activities of daily living (ADL) were 2 of the most important modifiable factors influencing the mortality risk of the oldest seniors...

To determine the incidence of phosphorylated α-synuclein (p-syn) in skin nerves in very old subjects who are prone to developing incidental Lewy bodies, we prospectively performed skin biopsies on 33 elderly subjects, including 13 (>85 years old) and 20 patients (>70 years) suspected of having an acquired small fiber neuropathy. All subjects underwent neurological examination prior to the biopsy. Two screened female subjects (ages 102 and 98 years) were excluded from the study because they showed evidence of a slight bradykinetic-rigid extrapyramidal disorder on neurological examination and were not considered healthy; both showed p-syn in skin nerves...

Background: The cortical thickness index (CTI) is a measure of bone quality and it correlates with the risk of proximal femoral fractures. The purpose of this study was to investigate the CTI in femoral neck, trochanteric fractures and non-fractured femora in geriatric patients and to determine whether there is a correlation between the CTI and the presence of a fracture. Methods : One hundred and fifty patients (fifty femoral neck- (FNFx), fifty trochanteric fractures (TFx) and fifty non-fractured (NFx)) with a mean age of 91 (range 80-104) years were included...

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BACKGROUND: Optimal treatment strategy for nonagenarians and centenarians with hip fractures (NCHF) remained unknown. We aimed to compare the outcomes of surgical and conservative management in NCHF. METHODS: A prospective cohort study was conducted based on CPMHF database with NCHF patients hospitalized during 2014-2020. Comorbidities were evaluated by mECM score and restricted cubic spline was utilized to visually assess the dose-effect relationship between the mECM and outcomes...

Quantitative trait loci (QTL) denote regions of DNA whose variation is associated with variations in quantitative traits. QTL discovery is a powerful approach to understand how changes in molecular and clinical phenotypes may be related to DNA sequence changes. However, QTL discovery analysis encompasses multiple analytical steps and the processing of multiple input files, which can be laborious, error prone, and hard to reproduce if performed manually. In order to facilitate and automate large-scale QTL analysis, we developed the yQTL Pipeline , where the ' y ' indicates the dependent quantitative variable being modeled...