tumor stroma ratio

Introduction: Colorectal carcinomas (CRC) are one of the most frequent malignancies worldwide. Based on gene expression profile analysis, CRCs can be classified into four distinct subtypes also known as the consensus molecular subtypes (CMS), which predict biological behaviour. Besides CMS, several other aspects of tumor microenvironment (TME) and systemic inflammatory response (SIR) influence the outcome of CRC patients. TME and inflammation have important role in the immune (CMS1) and mesenchymal (CMS4) subtypes, however, the relationship between these and systemic inflammation has not been assessed yet...

BACKGROUND: The TNM (tumor-node-metastasis) Evaluation Committee of Union for International Cancer Control (UICC) and College of American Pathologists (CAP) recommended to prospectively validate the cost-effective and robust tumor-stroma ratio (TSR) as an independent prognostic parameter, since high intratumor stromal percentages have previously predicted poor patient-related outcomes. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The 'Uniform Noting for International application of Tumor-stroma ratio as Easy Diagnostic tool' (UNITED) study enrolled patients in 27 participating centers in 12 countries worldwide...

Only one-third of patients with advanced MSS/pMMR endometrial cancer exhibit a lasting response to the combination treatment of Pembrolizumab and Lenvatinib. The combined administration of these two drugs is based on Lenvatinib's ability to modulate the tumor microenvironment, enabling Pembrolizumab to exert its effect. These findings underscore the importance of exploring tumor microenvironment parameters to identify markers that can accurately select candidates for this type of therapy. An open non-randomized observational association study was conducted at six clinical centers, involving a total of 28 patients with advanced MSS/pMMR endometrial cancer who received Pembrolizumab and Lenvatinib therapy...

BACKGROUND: Lung cancer (LC) is a global medical, social and economic problem and is one of the most common cancers and the leading cause of mortality from malignant neoplasms. LC is characterized by an aggressive course, and in the presence of disease recurrence risk factors, patients, even at an early stage, may be indicated for adjuvant therapy to improve survival. However, combined treatment does not always guarantee a favorable prognosis. In this regard, establishing predictors of LC recurrence is highly important both for determining the optimal treatment plan for the patients and for evaluating its effectiveness...

OBJECTIVES: Neutrophils are the most common type of leukocyte in mammals and play an essential role in the innate immune system and anti-cancer responses. However, recent studies identified the presence of tumor-associated neutrophils (TANs) as a poor prognostic factor. The present study investigated whether relationships exist between TANs and the clinicopathological factors and genetic status of breast cancer. METHODS: A total of 196 breast cancer patients with sufficient biopsy, breast-conserving surgery, or mastectomy specimens between 2014 and 2021 in Hokuto Hospital were included...

Tumors are often with complex and heterogeneous biological processes, such as glycometabolism and fibrosis, which are the main biochemical pathways that determine therapeutic effects. Specifically, this study aims to assess the diagnosing performance of 18 F-FDG and 68 Ga-FAPI-04 PET for different stages of progressive bone metastases with PSMA-negative pathology. Bone metastatic mouse model of prostate cancer was constructed via intra-bone injection of PSMA-negative prostate cancer PC3 cells. Cellular uptakes of 18 F-FDG and 68 Ga-FAPI-04 were separately performed on PC3, NIH-3T3 (FAP-positive) and a mixture...

OBJECTIVES: Preoperative identification of different stromal subtypes of pleomorphic adenoma (PA) of the salivary gland is crucial for making treatment decisions. We aimed to developed and validated a model based on histogram analysis (HA) of ultrasound (US) images for predicting tumor stroma ratio (TSR) in SPA. METHODS: A total of 219 PA patients were divided into low-TSR (stroma-low) and high-TSR (stroma-high) groups, and enrolled in a training cohort (n = 151) and a validation cohort (n = 68)...

BACKGROUND: Targeting of solid cancers with chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cells is limited by the lack of suitable tumor-specific antigens and the immunosuppressive, desmoplastic tumor microenvironment that impedes CAR-T cell infiltration, activity and persistence. We hypothesized that targeting the endosialin (CD248) receptor, strongly expressed by tumor-associated pericytes and perivascular cancer-associated fibroblasts, would circumvent these challenges and offer an exciting antigen for CAR-T cell therapy due to the close proximity of target cells to the tumor vasculature, the limited endosialin expression in normal tissues and the lack of phenotype observed in endosialin knockout mice...

OBJECTIVE: To assess the expression pattern of X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP), a cellular stress sensor, and delineate the associated changes in the tumor immune microenvironment (TiME) for prognostic value and new therapeutic targets in inflammatory breast cancer (IBC). METHODS: Immunohistochemistry was conducted to assess the spatial localization of immune subsets, XIAP, and PDL1 expression in IBC and non-inflammatory breast cancer (nIBC) pretreatment tumors (n = 142)...

Pancreatic cancer is a deadly disease with a five-year overall survival rate of around 11%. Chemotherapy is a cornerstone in the treatment of this malignancy, but the intratumoral delivery of chemotherapy drugs is impaired by the highly fibrotic tumor-associated stroma. Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is an ablative technique for treating locally advanced pancreatic cancer. During a typical IRE procedure, high-intensity electric pulses are released to kill tumor cells through the irreversible disruption of the cytoplasm membranes...

IMPORTANCE: Platinum-based chemotherapy is the backbone of standard-of-care treatment for patients with advanced-stage, high-grade serous carcinoma (HGSC), the most common form of ovarian cancer; however, one-third of patients have or acquire chemoresistance toward platinum-based therapies. OBJECTIVE: To demonstrate the utility of tumor-stroma proportion (TSP) as a predictive biomarker of chemoresistance of HGSC, progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS)...

BACKGROUND: Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are associated with unfavorable patient prognosis in many cancer types. However, TAMs are a heterogeneous cell population and subsets have been shown to activate tumor-infiltrating T cells and confer a good patient prognosis. Data on the prognostic value of TAMs in colorectal cancer are conflicting. We investigated the prognostic effect of TAMs in relation to tumor-infiltrating T cells in colorectal cancers. METHODS: The TAM markers CD68 and CD163 were analyzed by multiplex fluorescence immunohistochemistry and digital image analysis on tissue microarrays of 1720 primary colorectal cancers...

Accurate predictions on prognosis and neoadjuvant therapy response are crucial for esophagogastric junction adenocarcinoma (EGJA) patients. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the predictive abilities of several indicators, including tumor stroma ratio (TSR), tumor stroma maturity (TSM), and the density and spatial distribution of tumor-infiltrating immune cells (TIICs), such as T cells, B cells, and tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs). Resection and biopsy specimens of a total of 695 patients were included, obtained from the National Cancer Center (NCC) and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) cohorts...

Collagen, the main component of the tumor microenvironment, plays a key role in the development of breast cancer (BCa); however, the specific changes in its spatial organization during tumor progression have not been definitively elucidated. The existing and available methods for assessing the morphometric parameters of the stroma's fibrous component are insufficient for a detailed description of the state of collagen fibers and for assessing its changes to evaluate the aggressiveness of the BCa course. The aim of the work was to develop an algorithm for microphoto analysis to assess the spatial organization of collagen in BCa tissue of patients with different clinical statuses...

PURPOSE: Precise identification of lymph node metastases is vital for the management of cervical cancer. However, the existing diagnostic methods for lymph node metastases have certain drawbacks. In this study, we aim to explore the expression of cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) and tumor-to-stroma CD8+ T cells ratio (CD8+ T cells T:S ratio) and its association with lymph node metastases of cervical cancer. METHODS: Hundred and ten cervical cancer tissues and 39 biopsy tissues from patients were investigated immunocytochemically for the expression of CAFs and CD8+ T cells...

INTRODUCTION: Epstein-Barr virus-associated gastric cancer (EBVaGC) may be a meaningful biomarker for potential benefit from immunotherapy. Further investigation is needed to characterize the immune landscape of EBVaGC. We assessed our institutional frequency of surgically treated EBVaGC and analyzed the immunologic biomarker profile and tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) phenotypes of a series of EBVaGC compared to non-EBVaGC cases. METHODS: Available tissue samples from all patients with biopsy-confirmed gastric adenocarcinoma who underwent resection with curative intent from 2012 to 2020 at our institution were collected...

Stroma-richness is commonly associated with decreased survival times as well as advanced tumor stages in various malignant tumors. A previous study on laryngeal squamous cell carcinomas showed very good agreement for tumor-stroma ratio assessment between pre-treatment biopsies and resection specimens. We therefore aimed to determine whether similar results could be shown for oral squamous cell carcinomas. 107 preoperative biopsies and matched surgical specimens were obtained from the histological archive, dating from 2011-2022...

Tumor-infiltrating neutrophils play a crucial role in the progression of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Here, we aimed to statistically quantify the plasticity of HNSCC-infiltrating N2/N1 neutrophils and examine its impacts on survival and immune infiltration landscape. A retrospective study of 80 patients who underwent curative surgical resection for HNSCC between 2014 and 2017 was conducted in this study. HNSCC-infiltrating neutrophil phenotypes were classified using immunofluorescence staining, and the N2/N1 neutrophil plasticity was evaluated via the ratio of N2/N1 neutrophils...

BACKGROUND: Tumor-stroma interactions, as indicated by tumor-stroma ratio (TSR), offer valuable prognostic stratification information. Current histological assessment of TSR is limited by tissue accessibility and spatial heterogeneity. We aimed to develop a multitask deep learning (MDL) model to noninvasively predict TSR and prognosis in colorectal cancer (CRC). MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this retrospective study including 2268 patients with resected CRC recruited from four centers, we developed an MDL model using preoperative CT images for the simultaneous prediction of TSR and overall survival...

Objective: To investigate the clinicopathological characteristics and genetic mutations of SMARCA4-deficient lung adenocarcinoma. Methods: From January 2021 to April 2023 in the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 42 cases of SMARCA4-deficienct lung adenocarcinoma were diagnosed and now analyzed. All cases were retrospectively studied using hematoxylin-eosin staining and immunohistochemistry. The clinicopathological features were reviewed. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) was performed to investigate the mutations of related genes...