keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38496464/major-alteration-of-lung-microbiome-and-the-host-reaction-in-critically-ill-covid-19-patients-with-high-viral-load
#1
Ingrid G Bustos, Rosana Wiscovitch-Russo, Harinder Singh, Benjamín L Sievers, Michele Matsuoka, Marcelo Freire, Gene S Tan, Mónica P Cala, Jose L Guerrero, Ignacio Martin-Loeches, Norberto Gonzalez-Juarbe, Luis Felipe Reyes
Background Patients with COVID-19 under invasive mechanical ventilation are at higher risk of developing ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP), associated with increased healthcare costs, and unfavorable prognosis. The underlying mechanisms of this phenomenon have not been thoroughly dissected. Therefore, this study attempted to bridge this gap by performing a lung microbiota analysis and evaluating the host immune responses that could drive the development of VAP. Materials and methods In this prospective cohort study, mechanically ventilated patients with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection were enrolled...
March 8, 2024: Research Square
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38491269/cost-effectiveness-of-20-valent-pneumococcal-conjugate-vaccine-among-us-children-with-underlying-medical-conditions
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mark H Rozenbaum, Erica Chilson, Raymond Farkouh, Liping Huang, Alejandro Cane, Adriano Arguedas, Maria J Tort, Vincenza Snow, Ahuva Averin, Derek Weycker, Dhwani Hariharan, Mark Atwood
INTRODUCTION: A 20-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV20) was recently recommended for use among US children. We evaluated the cost-effectiveness of PCV20 among children aged 6 years with chronic medical conditions (CMC+) and children aged 6 years with immunocompromising conditions (IC) versus one and two doses of 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPSV23), respectively. METHODS: A probabilistic model was employed to depict 10-year risk of clinical outcomes and economic costs of pneumococcal disease, reduction in life years from premature death, and expected impact of vaccination among one cohort of children with CMC+ and IC aged 6 years...
March 16, 2024: Infectious Diseases and Therapy
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38488365/sars-cov-2-pandemic-non-pharmacologic-interventions-temporally-associated-with-reduced-pediatric-infections-due-to-mycoplasma-pneumoniae-and-co-infecting-respiratory-viruses-in-arkansas
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Bobby L Boyanton, Rachel A Frenner, Ashton Ingold, Lilliam Ambroggio, Joshua L Kennedy
UNLABELLED: Non-pharmacologic interventions (NPIs), such as universal masking, implemented during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic have reduced respiratory infections among children. This study evaluated the impact of NPIs on Mycoplasma pneumoniae infections in children, analyzing data from two hospitals in Arkansas and examining age-related differences and co-infections with other respiratory viruses. The study was approved by the Institutional Review Board and included patients (≤18 years) with upper respiratory tract symptoms...
March 15, 2024: Microbiology Spectrum
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38486819/infections-increase-the-risk-of-decompensation-and-death-in-patients-with-early-alcohol-related-liver-disease
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Stine Johansen, Simon Langkjær, Ditlev Nytoft Rasmussen, Mads Israelsen, Nikolaj Torp, Katrine Lindvig, Maria Kjærgaard, Johanne Kragh Hansen, Camilla Dalby Hansen, Katrine Thorhauge, Peter Andersen, Sönke Detlefsen, Helene Bæk Juel, Ulrik Stenz Justesen, Torben Hansen, Aleksander Krag, Maja Thiele
BACKGROUND & AIMS: Infections are frequent in patients with cirrhosis and worsen prognosis. We evaluated the incidence of infections and their impact on decompensation and death in patients with early alcohol-related liver disease (ALD) during long-term follow-up. METHODS: We performed a prospective cohort study of patients in secondary care with a history of excess alcohol intake, no prior decompensation, and with liver biopsies along with clinical investigations conducted at baseline...
April 2024: JHEP reports: innovation in hepatology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38486277/out-of-pocket-expenditures-associated-with-double-disease-burden-in-pakistan-a-quantile-regression-analysis
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lubna Naz, Shyamkumar Sriram
BACKGROUND: Pakistan is currently experiencing a double burden of disease. Families with members having both communicable and noncommunicable diseases are at a greater risk of impoverishment due to enormous out-of-pocket payments. This study examines the percentile distribution of the determinants of the out-of-pocket expenditure on the double disease burden. METHOD: The study extracted a sample of 6,775 households with at least one member experiencing both communicable and noncommunicable diseases from the Household Integrated Economic Survey 2018-19...
March 14, 2024: BMC Public Health
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38481054/scalable-and-versatile-metal-ion-solidificated-alginate-hydrogel-for-skin-wound-infection-therapy
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
By Haomiao Zhang, Ye Lu, Lei Huang, Ping Liu, Jun Ni, Tianqi Yang, Yihong Li, Yu Zhong, Xinping He, Xinhui Xia, Jiancang Zhou
Bacterial infections in wounds continue to be a major challenge in clinical settings worldwide and represent a significant threat to human health. In this work, we have proposed novel expandable and versatile methods for solidifying sodium alginate (SA) with metal ions (such as Fe3+ , Co2+ , Ni2+ , Cu2+ , and Zn2+ ) to create Metal-Alginate (M-Alg) hydrogel with adjustable morphology, composition, and microstructure. It conforms to the wound site, protects against second infection, reduces inflammation, and promotes the healing of infected wounds...
March 13, 2024: Advanced Healthcare Materials
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38479424/impact-of-modified-frailty-index-on-readmissions-following-surgery-for-nsclc
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Nicola Tamburini, Francesco Dolcetti, Nicolò Fabbri, Danila Azzolina, Salvatore Greco, Pio Maniscalco, Giampiero Dolci
BACKGROUND: Analyzing the risk factors that predict readmissions can potentially lead to more individualized patient care. The 11-factor modified frailty index is a valuable tool for predicting postoperative outcomes following surgery. The objective of this study is to determine whether the frailty index can effectively predict readmissions within 90 days after lung resection surgery in cancer patients within a single healthcare institution. METHODS: Patients who underwent elective pulmonary resection for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) between January 2012 and December 2020 were selected from the hospital's database...
March 13, 2024: Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgeon
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38476768/effectiveness-of-drip-infusion-of-lascufloxacin-a-novel-fluoroquinolone-antibiotic-for-patients-with-pneumonia-including-chronic-lung-disease-exacerbations-and-lung-abscesses
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Daishi Shimada, Masafumi Seki
BACKGROUND: Lascufloxacin (LSFX), a novel fluoroquinolone antibacterial agent, has recently been used as a drip infusion for treating pneumonia, apparently with good effectiveness against various bacteria, including anaerobes, and good intrapulmonary penetration. METHODS: The clinical effectiveness of LSFX was retrospectively investigated for the 55 patients admitted to our hospital with pneumonia, including chronic lung disease exacerbations and lung abscesses, from May 2021 to July 2023...
2024: Infection and Drug Resistance
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38472952/differentiating-viral-from-bacterial-pneumonia-in-children-the-diagnostic-role-of-lung-ultrasound-a-prospective-observational-study
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Emil Robert Stoicescu, Roxana Iacob, Adrian Cosmin Ilie, Emil Radu Iacob, Septimiu Radu Susa, Laura Andreea Ghenciu, Amalia Constantinescu, Daiana Marina Cocolea, Cristian Oancea, Diana Luminita Manolescu
This prospective observational study aimed to investigate the utility of lung ultrasound (LUS) in diagnosing and managing pediatric respiratory infections, specifically focusing on viral, bacterial, and SARS-CoV-2 infections. Conducted over a period of 1 year and 8 months, this research involved 85 pediatric patients (showcasing a median age of 14 months) recruited based on specific criteria, including age, confirmed infection through multiplex PCR tests, and willingness to undergo LUS imaging. This study employed a 12-area scoring system for LUS examinations, utilizing the lung ultrasound score (LUSS) to evaluate lung abnormalities...
February 23, 2024: Diagnostics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38471259/data-quality-review-of-the-brazilian-nosocomial-infections-surveillance-system
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Alice Ramos Silva, Nicolas Guedes Hoffmann, Fernando Fernandez-Llimos, Elisangela Costa Lima
BACKGROUND: Surveillance of healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) is an essential component of hospital infection prevention and control systems. We aimed to assess the quality of the data compiled by the Brazilian HAI Surveillance System from pediatric (PICUs) and neonatal intensive care units (NICUs), between 2012 and 2021. METHODS: Data Quality Review, including adherence, completeness, internal consistency, consistency over time, and consistency of population trend, were computed at both national and state levels based on quality metrics from World Health Organization Toolkit...
February 27, 2024: Journal of Infection and Public Health
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38470419/mortality-for-time-sensitive-conditions-at-urban-vs-rural-hospitals-during-the-covid-19-pandemic
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
H Joanna Jiang, Rachel M Henke, Kathryn R Fingar, Lan Liang, Denis Agniel
IMPORTANCE: COVID-19 pandemic-related disruptions to the health care system may have resulted in increased mortality for patients with time-sensitive conditions. OBJECTIVE: To examine whether in-hospital mortality in hospitalizations not related to COVID-19 (non-COVID-19 stays) for time-sensitive conditions changed during the pandemic and how it varied by hospital urban vs rural location. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This cohort study was an interrupted time-series analysis to assess in-hospital mortality during the COVID-19 pandemic (March 8, 2020, to December 31, 2021) compared with the prepandemic period (January 1, 2017, to March 7, 2020) overall, by month, and by community COVID-19 transmission level for adult discharges from 3813 US hospitals in the State Inpatient Databases for the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project...
March 4, 2024: JAMA Network Open
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38468998/dyselectrolytemia-in-children-with-severe-pneumonia-a-prospective-study
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Vineeta Pande, Renuka Jadhav, Md Ilyaz, Shailaja Mane, Jasleen Dua
Background Pneumonia is a condition characterized by inflammation of the lung parenchyma. It is one of the leading causes of mortality in children below five years of age. While predominantly prevalent in developing countries, it is also associated with significant healthcare-associated costs in developed countries. Among the many risk factors for childhood pneumonia, incomplete immunization, nonexclusive breastfeeding for less than six months, delayed weaning, poor household air quality, malnutrition, and low birth weight are the most commonly found...
February 2024: Curēus
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38467675/comprehensive-study-reveals-phenotypic-heterogeneity-in-klebsiella-pneumoniae-species-complex-isolates
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Nadia Rodríguez-Medina, Jonathan Rodríguez-Santiago, Alejandro Alvarado-Delgado, Alan Sagal-Prado, Jesús Silva-Sánchez, Miguel A De la Cruz, Miguel Angel Ares, Margarita Sánchez-Arias, Rayo Morfín-Otero, Rigoberto Hernández-Castro, Patricia Cornejo-Juárez, Emmanuel Jiménez-Villanueva, Domingo Sánchez-Francia, Ulises Garza-Ramos
Here, we conducted a comprehensive analysis of 356 Klebsiella pneumoniae species complex (KpSC) isolates that were classified as classical (cl), presumptive hypervirulent (p-hv) and hypermucoviscous-like (hmv-like). Overall, K. pneumoniae (82.3%), K. variicola (2.5%) and K. quasipneumoniae (2.5%) were identified. These isolates comprised 321 cl-KpSC, 7 p-hv-KpSC and 18 hmv-like-KpSC. A large proportion of cl-KpSC isolates were extended-spectrum-β-lactamases (ESBLs)-producers (64.4%) and 3.4% of isolates were colistin-resistant carrying carbapenemase and ESBL genes...
March 11, 2024: Scientific Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38467025/patient-engagement-functionalities-influence-on-quality-outcomes-the-road-via-ehr-presence
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Soumya Upadhyay, Neeraj Bhandari
GOAL: Patients engaged in self-care through information technology can potentially improve the quality of healthcare they receive. This study aimed to examine how electronic health record (EHR) system functionalities help hospitals mediate the impact of patient engagement on quality outcomes-notably, readmission rates. METHODS: A pooled cross-sectional study design employed data containing 3,547 observations from general acute care hospitals (2014-2018). The breadth of patient engagement functionalities adopted by a hospital was used as the independent variable and the degree of EHR presence was used as the mediating variable...
March 2024: Journal of Healthcare Management / American College of Healthcare Executives
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38461969/efficacy-of-233-nm-led-far-uv-c-radiation-against-clinically-relevant-bacterial-strains-in-the-phase-2-step-2-in-vitro-test-on-basis-of-en-14561-and-on-an-epidermis-cell-model
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Claudia Sicher, Nevin Opitz, Pia Elen Becker, Neysha Lobo Ploch, Johannes Schleusener, Michael Kneissl, Axel Kramer, Paula Zwicker
INTRODUCTION: Healthcare-acquired infections and overuse of antibiotics are a common problem. Rising emergence of antibiotic and antiseptic resistances requires new methods of microbial decontamination or decolonization as the use of far-UV-C radiation. METHODS: The microbicidal efficacy of UV-C radiation (222 nm, 233 nm, 254 nm) was determined in a quantitative carrier test and on a 3D-epidermis model against Staphylococcus (S.) aureus, S. epidermidis, S. haemolyticus, S...
March 8, 2024: Microbes and Infection
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38460083/clinical-characteristics-of-uncomplicated-acute-pyelonephritis-caused-by-escherichia-coli-and-klebsiella-pneumoniae
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Miri Hyun, Ji Yeon Lee, Kyong Ree Lim, Hyun Ah Kim
INTRODUCTION: This study compared the clinical characteristics and antimicrobial susceptibility of uncomplicated acute pyelonephritis (APN) caused by Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of patients with uncomplicated APNs caused by E. coli and K. pneumoniae admitted to Keimyung University Dongsan Hospital between February 2014 and December 2021. RESULTS: We enrolled 497 patients (372 with E...
March 9, 2024: Infectious Diseases and Therapy
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38458789/prevalence-and-correlates-of-paediatric-guideline-non-adherence-for-initial-empirical-care-in-six-low-and-middle-income-settings-a-hospital-based-cross-sectional-study
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Riffat Ara Shawon, Donna Denno, Kirkby D Tickell, Michael Atuhairwe, Robert Bandsma, Ezekiel Mupere, Wieger Voskuijl, Emmie Mbale, Tahmeed Ahmed, Md Jobayer Chisti, Ali Faisal Saleem, Moses Ngari, Abdoulaye Hama Diallo, James Berkley, Judd Walson, Arianna Rubin Means
OBJECTIVES: This study evaluated the prevalence and correlates of guideline non-adherence for common childhood illnesses in low-resource settings. DESIGN AND SETTING: We used secondary cross-sectional data from eight healthcare facilities in six Asian and African countries. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 2796 children aged 2-23 months hospitalised between November 2016 and January 2019 with pneumonia, diarrhoea or severe malnutrition (SM) and without HIV infection were included in this study...
March 8, 2024: BMJ Open
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38456027/presumptive-pulmonary-toxocariasis-in-a-patient-affected-by-acute-myeloid-leukemia-and-hodgkin-lymphoma-case-report-and-review-of-the-literature-in-immunocompromised-hosts
#18
Tommaso Lupia, Elena Crisà, Valentina Sangiorgio, Roberta Bosio, Giacomo Stroffolini, Elena Staffilano, Vanesa Gregorc, Silvia Corcione, Francesco Giuseppe De Rosa
Toxocariasis is a zoonosis transmitted by the nematode Toxocara spp. Immunocompromised hosts are more susceptible than general population to bacterial, viral, fungal and parasitic infections. In this population toxocariasis may present as exacerbation or reactivation and could have severe or atypical manifestations being a diagnostic challenge for healthcare providers. We report a case of a presumptive pulmonary toxocariasis during chemotherapy in a patient affected by acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) and Hodgkin lymphoma and we summarize current evidence of pulmonary involvement in immunocompromised population with Toxocara spp infection in a narrative review...
2024: Le Infezioni in Medicina
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38455702/the-first-report-of-candida-auris-infection-in-vietnam
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Thong Dang-Vu, Dung Lam-Quoc, Ngoc Duong-Minh, Ha Vu, Lam Nguyen-Ho, Phu Truong-Thien, Khoa Nguyen-Dang
UNLABELLED: Infection caused by Candida auris ha C. auris s rapidly become a global health threat. C. auris created a significant healthcare burden due to various complicating factors, including misidentification by commercial identification methods, potent antifungal resistance, high mortality rates and the possibility of nosocomial outbreaks through direct contact. In Vietnam, there are currently no clinical reports on C. auris infections. Here, we present four clinical cases of C. auris infections in the Department of Pulmonary Medicine of Cho Ray Hospital in southern Vietnam...
2024: European Journal of Case Reports in Internal Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38455539/characteristics-of-the-hantaan-virus-complicated-with-sars-cov2-infection-a-case-series-report
#20
Han-Dong Zhao, Jian-Wu Li, Ze-Kun Wang, Hong-Bo Qian, Kui Fu, Hong-Li Liu
BACKGROUND: Coinfection poses a persistent threat to global public health due to its severe effect on individual-level infection risk and disease outcome. Coinfection of SARS-CoV2 with one or more pathogens has been documented. Nevertheless, this virus co-infected with the Hantaan virus (HTNV) is rarely reported. CASE SUMMARY: Here, we presented three cases of HTNV complicated with SARS-CoV2 infection. Not only the conditions including general clinical manifestations, immune and inflammation parameters fluctuation presented in the single infection of HTNV or SARS-CoV2 can be found, but also the unexpected manifestations have attracted our attention that presented as more symptoms of HTNV infection including exudative changes in both lungs and an amount of bilateral pleural effusion as well as bilateral kidney enlargement rather than typical viral pneumonia in SARS-CoV2 infection...
March 15, 2024: Heliyon
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