diet in diabetes

AIMS: The vascular aging process accelerated by type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is responsible for the elevated risk of associated cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Metabolic disorder-induced immune senescence has been implicated in multi-organ/tissue damage. Herein, we sought to determine the role of immunosenescence in diabetic vascular aging and to investigate the underlying mechanisms. METHODS AND RESULTS: Aging hallmarks of the immune system appear prior to the vasculature in streptozotocin (STZ)/high-fat diet (HFD)-induced T2DM mice or db/db mice...

BACKGROUND: Lifestyle choices, metformin, and dietary supplements may prevent GDM, but the effect of intervention characteristics has not been identified. This review evaluated intervention characteristics to inform the implementation of GDM prevention interventions. METHODS: Ovid, MEDLINE/PubMed, and EMBASE databases were searched. The Template for Intervention Description and Replication (TIDieR) framework was used to examine intervention characteristics (who, what, when, where, and how)...

BACKGROUND: histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) inhibitor CAY10603 has been identified as a potential therapeutic agent for the treatment of diabetic kidney disease (DKD). The objective of this study was to investigate the therapeutic effects of CAY10603 in mice with acute kidney injury (AKI) and chronic kidney diseases (CKD). METHODS: Renal immunohistology was performed to assess expression level of HDAC6 in both human and mouse kidney samples. C57BL/6J mice were intraperitoneal injected with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to induce AKI; CD-1 mice were fed with adenine diet to induce adenine-nephropathy as CKD model...

OBJECTIVE: This study investigates the effects of a behavioral lifestyle intervention on inflammatory cytokines and frailty in older adults (≥ 65 years) with type 2 diabetes (T2D). METHOD: We conducted a single-arm, 6-month intervention supplemented with diet and activity self-monitoring technology. We assessed frailty using Fried criteria and quantified inflammatory cytokines (interleukin [IL]-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating-factor [GM-CSF], interferon [IFN-γ], tumor necrosis factor [TNF-α]) using a multiplex assay...

To explore the impact of the Mediterranean diet on cardiovascular risk factors, glycemic control and weight loss in patients with type 2 diabetes(T2D) by a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs). We systematically searched PubMed, Cochrance Library, EMBASE and four Chinese databases to identify RCTs that compared the Mediterranean diet with control diets in patients with T2D up to December 2021. The Risk of Bias of the included studies was assessed using the version 2 of the Cochrane risk-of-bias tools for randomized trials (ROB 2)...

OBJECTIVE: We evaluated baseline characteristics of participants with early-onset type 2 diabetes (T2D) from the SURPASS program and tirzepatide's effects on glycemic control, body weight (BW), and cardiometabolic markers. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: This post hoc analysis compared baseline characteristics and changes in mean HbA1c, BW, waist circumference (WC), lipids, and blood pressure (BP) in 3,792 participants with early-onset versus later-onset T2D at week 40 (A Study of Tirzepatide [LY3298176] in Participants With Type 2 Diabetes Not Controlled With Diet and Exercise Alone [SURPASS-1], A Study of Tirzepatide [LY3298176] Versus Semaglutide Once Weekly as Add-on Therapy to Metformin in Participants With Type 2 Diabetes [SURPASS-2]) or week 52 (A Study of Tirzepatide [LY3298176] Versus Insulin Degludec in Participants With Type 2 Diabetes [SURPASS-3])...

BACKGROUND: Time-restricted eating (TRE) lowers body weight in many studies. Whether TRE induces weight loss independent of reductions in calorie intake, as seen in rodent studies, is unknown. OBJECTIVE: To determine the effect of TRE versus a usual eating pattern (UEP) on body weight in the setting of stable caloric intake. DESIGN: Randomized, isocaloric feeding study. (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT03527368). SETTING: Clinical research unit...

OBJECTIVE: Hyperglycemic mothers and their offspring are at increased risk of various maternal and neonatal complications such as macrosomia, future type 2 diabetes, and metabolic abnormalities. Early diagnosis and individualized dietary management, exercise, and emotional well-being are expected to reduce these risks. The study aims to identify the effect of the Nutrition and Behavior Modification Program (NBMP) on maternal and neonatal outcomes of hyperglycemic mothers. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A pre-experimental study was performed among 89 hyperglycemic mothers...

SCOPE: Obesity and metabolic diseases are closely associated, and individuals who become obese are also prone to type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disorders. Gut microbiota is mediated by diet and can influence host metabolism and the incidence of metabolic disorders. Recent studies have suggested that improving gut microbiota through a fructooligosaccharide (FOS)-supplemented diet may ameliorate obesity and other metabolic disorders. Although accumulating evidence supports the notion of the developmental origins of health and disease, the underlying mechanisms remain obscure...

BACKGROUND: The Sugar-Sweetened Beverage (SSB) industry consciously and subconsciously influences consumers to buy its products. Countering unhealthy messaging and behaviour could be tackled through the SSB levy and allocation of revenue toward healthy lifestyle programs. Given the limited information in the UAE on demographic and consumer knowledge and beliefs and allocation of SSB levy, we conducted a study to explore this further. The study objectives were to a) explore the association between demographic factors (nationality, income and education) with knowledge and beliefs for SSB and b) explore participants' views on allocating SSB levy toward healthy lifestyle programs...

BACKGROUND: The amount and type of food consumed impacts the glycemic response and insulin needs of people with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). Daily variability in consumption, reflected in diet quality, may acutely impact glycemic levels and insulin needs. OBJECTIVE: Type 1 Diabetes Exercise Initiative (T1DEXI) data were examined to evaluate the impact of daily diet quality on near-term glycemic control and interaction with exercise. METHODS: Using the Remote Food Photography Method, ≤8 d of dietary intake data were analyzed per participant...

INTRODUCTION: The marked increase in the number of individuals with diabetes mellitus (DM) worldwide each year has resulted in the importance of the spouse's contribution to the promotion and support of patient self-management programs. OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to systematically explore the role or involvement of spouses in collaborative management and glycemic behavior change in DM. METHODS: Five databases including Scopus, PubMed, Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature, SAGE, and Web of Science were reviewed for relevant articles retrieved from 2017 to 2022...

BACKGROUND: Cognitive impairment is a highly heterogeneous disorder that necessitates further investigation into the distinct characteristics of populations at varying risk levels of cognitive impairment. Using a large-scale registry cohort of elderly individuals, we applied a data-driven approach to identify novel clusters based on diverse sociodemographic features. METHODS: A prospective cohort of 6398 elderly people from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey, followed between 2008-14, was used to develop and validate the model...

OBJECTIVE: We aimed to examine the effects of a 5:2 regimens diet (2 days per week of energy restriction by formula diet) or an exercise (2 days per week of high-intensity interval training and resistance training) intervention compared with routine lifestyle education (control) on glycemic control and cardiometabolic health among adults with overweight/obesity and type 2 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: This two-center, open-label, three-arm, parallel-group, randomized controlled trial recruited 326 participants with overweight/obesity and type 2 diabetes and randomized them into 12 weeks of diet intervention (n = 109), exercise intervention (n = 108), or lifestyle education (control) (n = 109)...

Detailed knowledge regarding the associations between intake of different types of seafood and meat and the risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D), and insight into possible mechanisms are warranted. In this study we aimed to evaluate the associations between intake of different types of seafood and meat and the subsequent risk of T2D using the Norwegian Mother, Father, and Child Cohort Study (MoBa), and furthermore, by using a mouse model to gain further insight into possible molecular mechanisms contributing to the associated metabolic changes...

Mitochondrial dysfunction is a significant feature of type 2 diabetes. MOTS-C, a peptide derived from mitochondria, has positive effects on metabolism and exercise capacity. This study explored the impact of high and moderate-intensity interval exercises on mitochondrial MOTS-C alterations and their correlation with metabolic markers in male diabetic sand rats. Thirty male sand rats were divided into six groups: control, MIIT, DM + HIIT, DM + MIIT, DM, and HIIT (5 rats each). Diabetes was induced using a high-fat diet (HFD) combined with streptozotocin (STZ)...

Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a common severe complication of diabetes that occurs independently of hypertension, coronary artery disease, and valvular cardiomyopathy, eventually leading to heart failure. Previous studies have reported that Tectorigenin (TEC) possesses extensive anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative stress properties. In this present study, the impact of TEC on diabetic cardiomyopathy was examined. The model of DCM in mice was established with the combination of a high-fat diet and STZ treatment...

BACKGROUND: Fine particulate matter (PM2.5 ) exposure has been associated with liver cancer incidence and mortality in a limited number of studies. We sought to evaluate this relationship for the first time in a U.S. cohort with historical exposure assessment. METHODS: We used spatiotemporal prediction models to estimate annual average historical PM2.5 concentrations (1980-2015) at residential addresses of 499,729 participants in the NIH-AARP Diet and Health Study, a cohort in 6 states (California, Florida, Louisiana, New Jersey, North Carolina, and Pennsylvania) and 2 metropolitan areas (Atlanta, Georgia, and Detroit, Michigan) enrolled in 1995-1996 and followed up through 2017...

BACKGROUND: The prevalence and incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) have dramatically increased. The intestinal flora and its derived metabolites are demonstrated to play vital roles in the etiology and onset of T2DM. Shouhuitongbian (SHTB) is a traditional Chinese formula to treat constipation. SHTB is composed of seven herbs and components of Colla corii asini (CCA) that are obtained from the hide of Equus asinus L.. Some of herbs in SHTB such as Aloe vera (L.) Burm.f., Cassia obtusifolia L...

Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a common microvascular complication of diabetes. Fucoidan, a polysaccharide containing fucose and sulfate group, ameliorates DN. However, the underlying mechanism has not been fully understood. This study aimed to explore the effects and mechanism of fucoidan on DN in high-fat diet-induced diabetic mice. A total of 90 C57BL/6J mice were randomly assigned to six groups ( n = 15) as follows: normal control (NC), diabetes mellitus (DM), metformin (MTF), low-dose fucoidan (LFC), medium-dose fucoidan (MFC), and high-dose fucoidan (HFC)...