keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38536448/arterial-spin-labelling-magnetic-resonance-imaging-and-perfusion-patterns-in-neurocognitive-and-other-mental-disorders-a-systematic-review
#1
REVIEW
Rita Ferreira, António J Bastos-Leite
We reviewed 33 original research studies assessing brain perfusion, using consensus guidelines from a "white paper" issued by the International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine Perfusion Study Group and the European Cooperation in Science and Technology Action BM1103 ("Arterial Spin Labelling Initiative in Dementia"; https://www.cost.eu/actions/BM1103/ ). The studies were published between 2011 and 2023 and included participants with subjective cognitive decline plus; neurocognitive disorders, including mild cognitive impairment (MCI), Alzheimer's disease (AD), frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD), dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) and vascular cognitive impairment (VCI); as well as schizophrenia spectrum disorders, bipolar and major depressive disorders, autism spectrum disorder, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, panic disorder and alcohol use disorder...
March 27, 2024: Neuroradiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534988/structural-brain-connectivity-and-treatment-improvement-in-mood-disorder
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sébastien Dam, Jean-Marie Batail, Gabriel Hadrien Robert, Dominique Drapier, Pierre Maurel, Julie Coloigner
BACKGROUND: The treatment of depressive episodes is well established, with clearly demonstrated effectiveness of antidepressants and psychotherapies. However, more than one-third of depressed patients do not respond to treatment. Identifying the brain structural basis of treatment-resistant depression could prevent useless pharmacological prescriptions, adverse events, and lost therapeutic opportunities. METHODS: Using diffusion magnetic resonance imaging, we performed structural connectivity analyses on a cohort of 154 patients with mood disorder (MD) - and 77 sex- and age-matched healthy control (HC) participants...
March 27, 2024: Brain Connectivity
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534712/multiple-drug-resistant-streptococcus-strains-an-actual-problem-in-pig-farms-in-western-romania
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Luminita Costinar, Corina Badea, Adela Marcu, Corina Pascu, Viorel Herman
Streptococci are a type of bacteria that can cause severe illnesses in humans and animals. Some typical species like S. suis , or atypical species like S. porcinus and, S. dysgalactiae subsp. dysgalactiae , can cause infections like septicemia, meningitis, endocarditis, arthritis, and septic shock. S. suis is considered a newly emerging zoonotic pathogen. Although human streptococcal infection outbreaks are rare, it is appropriate to review the main streptococcal species isolated in pig farms in western Romania, due to the high degree of antibiotic resistance among most isolates commonly used in human treatment...
March 19, 2024: Antibiotics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534355/recent-research-trends-in-neuroinflammatory-and-neurodegenerative-disorders
#4
REVIEW
Jessica Cohen, Annette Mathew, Kirk D Dourvetakis, Estella Sanchez-Guerrero, Rajendra P Pangeni, Narasimman Gurusamy, Kristina K Aenlle, Geeta Ravindran, Assma Twahir, Dylan Isler, Sara Rukmini Sosa-Garcia, Axel Llizo, Alison C Bested, Theoharis C Theoharides, Nancy G Klimas, Duraisamy Kempuraj
Neuroinflammatory and neurodegenerative disorders including Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), traumatic brain injury (TBI) and Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) are chronic major health disorders. The exact mechanism of the neuroimmune dysfunctions of these disease pathogeneses is currently not clearly understood. These disorders show dysregulated neuroimmune and inflammatory responses, including activation of neurons, glial cells, and neurovascular unit damage associated with excessive release of proinflammatory cytokines, chemokines, neurotoxic mediators, and infiltration of peripheral immune cells into the brain, as well as entry of inflammatory mediators through damaged neurovascular endothelial cells, blood-brain barrier and tight junction proteins...
March 14, 2024: Cells
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38531858/a-shifting-paradigm-toward-family-centered-care-in-neuro-oncology-a-longitudinal-quasi-experimental-mixed-methods-feasibility-study
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Karin Piil, Giulia Locatelli, Stine Laegaard Skovhus, Anders Tolver, Mary Jarden
Family-centered intervention can help families facing illness-related issues. We investigated the feasibility of Family and Network Conversations (FNCs) in high-grade glioma patients and their families. Quasi-experimental feasibility study with longitudinal mixed-methods design. Patients and families were invited to three FNCs over 1 year. They completed questionnaires at four time points and expressed their perspectives on the intervention through telephone interviews. Nurses' perspectives were collected in a focus group...
March 26, 2024: Journal of Family Nursing
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38531563/association-between-body-mass-index-and-delirium-incidence-in-critically-ill-patients-a-retrospective-cohort-study-based-on-the-mimic-iv-database
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jianlei Fu, Xuepeng Zhang, Geng Zhang, Canzheng Wei, Qinyi Fu, Xiying Gui, Yi Ji, Siyuan Chen
OBJECTIVES: Delirium is a form of brain dysfunction with high incidence and is associated with many negative outcomes in the intensive care unit. However, few studies have been large enough to reliably examine the associations between body mass index (BMI) and delirium, especially in critically ill patients. The objective of this study was to investigate the association between BMI and delirium incidence in critically ill patients. DESIGN: A retrospective cohort study...
March 25, 2024: BMJ Open
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38529465/a-case-report-of-neuro-beh%C3%A3-et-syndrome-frequent-neurological-manifestations-concurrent-with-life-threatening-illnesses
#7
Omar Ballut, Mayas M Almahi, Banan S Alghamdi, Najla K Alzahrani, Maali A Alghamdi
​​​​Behçet disease (BD) is a recurrent, multisystemic autoimmune vasculitis that affects both small and large vessels. A combination of neurological signs and symptoms in BD is called neuro-Behçet syndrome (NBS). We present the case of a 31-year-old male diagnosed with chronic progressive NBS who presented with multiple relapsing episodes concurrent with infective endocarditis due to intravenous drug abuse, drug-induced hepatitis, acute kidney injury, and septic shock that is not related to BD...
February 2024: Curēus
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38524031/gold-nanoparticles-in-parkinson-s-disease-therapy-a-focus-on-plant-based-green-synthesis
#8
REVIEW
Tsenka Grancharova, Stanislava Simeonova, Bissera Pilicheva, Plamen Zagorchev
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease that affects approximately 1% of people over the age of 60 and 5% of those over the age of 85. Current drugs for Parkinson's disease mainly affect the symptoms and cannot stop its progression. Nanotechnology provides a solution to address some challenges in therapy, such as overcoming the blood-brain barrier (BBB), adverse pharmacokinetics, and the limited bioavailability of therapeutics. The reformulation of drugs into nanoparticles (NPs) can improve their biodistribution, protect them from degradation, reduce the required dose, and ensure target accumulation...
February 2024: Curēus
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38522638/stress-induced-failure-of-embodied-cognition-a-general-model
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Rodrick Wallace, Gregory Fricchione
We derive the classic, ubiquitous, but enigmatic Yerkes-Dodson effect of applied stress on real-world performance in a highly natural manner from fundamental assumptions on cognition and its dynamics, as constrained by the asymptotic limit theorems of information and control theories. We greatly extend the basic approach by showing how differences in an underlying probability model can affect the dynamics of decision across a broad range of cognitive enterprise. Most particularly, however, this development may help inform our understanding of the different expressions of human psychopathology...
March 22, 2024: Bio Systems
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38522613/parent-psychopathology-and-behavioral-effects-on-child-brain-symptom-networks-in-the-abcd-study
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Grace C George, Sara A Heyn, Justin D Russell, Taylor J Keding, Ryan J Herringa
OBJECTIVE: Parents play a notable role in the development of child psychopathology. In this study we investigate the role of parent psychopathology and behaviors on child brain-symptom networks to understand the role of intergenerational transmission of psychopathology. Few studies have documented the interaction of child psychopathology, parent psychopathology, and child neuroimaging. METHOD: We utilized the baseline cohort of the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Developmen Study (N=7,151, female-at-birth=3,619, ages 9-11 years) to derive brain-symptom networks using sparse canonical correlation analysis with the Child Behavior Checklist and resting-state fMRI...
March 20, 2024: Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38521134/volume-enlargement-of-the-choroid-plexus-and-brain-ventricles-in-drug-na%C3%A3-ve-first-episode-major-depressive-disorder
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Gaku Hayakawa, Enkmurun Chibaatar, Keita Watanabe, Naomichi Okamoto, Patrick M Quinn, Atsuko Ikenouchi, Takahiro Shinkai, Shingo Kakeda, Reiji Yoshimura
BACKGROUND: We investigated volumetric alterations in the bilateral choroid plexus (ChP) and brain ventricles of patients during their first episode of major depressive disorder (MDD) prior to antidepressant treatment. METHODS: Seventy-one first-episode drug-naïve patients with MDD and seventy-four healthy control (HC) subjects were recruited. MRI data were obtained, and bilateral ChP and brain ventricle volumes were evaluated using segmentation, based on the adaptive multiscale and expectation maximization method...
March 21, 2024: Journal of Affective Disorders
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38517747/a-perspective-on-psychedelics-as-treatments-for-addictions-past-present-and-future
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
David Nutt, Celia Morgan, Sukhpreet Klaire
This Perspectives piece gives a brief overview on the last 70 years of psychedelic research in relation to the treatment of mental illness with a particular focus on addictions. We briefly precis the work in the 19650s/60s that started following the discovery of LSD. Then we overview research developments over the past twenty years driven by emerging neuroscience on these agents, the rise of MDMA use in psychotherapy and the emergence of ketamine as a treatment for mental illnesses. We then briefly outline new research on the brain mechanisms of these therapeutic effects...
March 22, 2024: Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38517477/edge-wise-analysis-reveals-white-matter-connectivity-associated-with-focal-to-bilateral-tonic-clonic-seizures
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sam S Javidi, Xiaosong He, Ankeeta Ankeeta, Qirui Zhang, Salvatore Citro, Michael R Sperling, Joseph I Tracy
OBJECTIVE: Focal to bilateral tonic-clonic seizures (FBTCS) represent a challenging subtype of focal temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) in terms of both severity and treatment response. Most studies have focused on regional brain analysis that is agnostic to the distribution of white matter (WM) pathways associated with a node. We implemented a more selective, edge-wise approach that allowed for identification of the individual connections unique to FBTCS. METHODS: T1-weighted and diffusion-weighted images were obtained from 22 patients with solely focal seizures (FS), 43 FBTCS patients, and 65 age/sex-matched healthy participants (HPs), yielding streamline (STR) connectome matrices...
March 22, 2024: Epilepsia
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38516854/the-growing-interdisciplinarity-of-developmental-psychopathology-implications-for-science-and-training
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ian H Gotlib, Jessica L Buthmann, Jessica P Uy
The field of developmental psychopathology has grown exponentially over the past decades, and has become increasingly multifaceted. The initial focus on understanding abnormal child psychology has broadened to the study of the origins of psychopathology, with the goals of preventing and alleviating disorder and promoting healthy development. In this paper, we discuss how technological advances and global events have expanded the questions that researchers in developmental psychopathology can address. We do so by describing a longitudinal study that we have been conducting for the past dozen years...
March 22, 2024: Development and Psychopathology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38513761/the-predictive-potential-of-heart-rate-variability-for-depression
#15
REVIEW
Galin Shir, Keren Hanna
Heart rate variability (HRV),a measure of the fluctuations in the intervals between consecutive heartbeats, is an indicator of changes in the autonomic nervous system. A chronic reduction in HRV has been repeatedly linked to clinical depression. However, the chronological and mechanistic aspects of this relationship, between the neural, physiological, and psychopathological levels, remain unclear. In this review we present evidence by which changes in HRV might precede the onset of depression. We describe several pathways that can facilitate this relationship...
March 19, 2024: Neuroscience
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38512360/non-invasive-technology-for-brain-monitoring-definition-and-meaning-of-the-principal-parameters-for-the-international-practice-on-technology-neuro-monitoring-group-i-protect
#16
REVIEW
Stefano Romagnoli, Francisco A Lobo, Edoardo Picetti, Frank A Rasulo, Chiara Robba, Basil Matta
Technologies for monitoring organ function are rapidly advancing, aiding physicians in the care of patients in both operating rooms (ORs) and intensive care units (ICUs). Some of these emerging, minimally or non-invasive technologies focus on monitoring brain function and ensuring the integrity of its physiology. Generally, the central nervous system is the least monitored system compared to others, such as the respiratory, cardiovascular, and renal systems, even though it is a primary target in most therapeutic strategies...
March 21, 2024: Journal of Clinical Monitoring and Computing
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38511387/advances-in-neurocritical-care-of-stroke-present-and-future
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ayush Batra, Sherry Hsiang-Yi Chou
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
March 21, 2024: Stroke; a Journal of Cerebral Circulation
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38510805/alterations-in-the-white-matter-structure-of-major-depressive-disorder-patients-and-their-link-to-childhood-trauma
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Haomian Zhao, Bei Rong, Guoqing Gao, Mingzhe Zhou, Junhua Huang, Ning Tu, Lihong Bu, Ling Xiao, Gaohua Wang
OBJECTIVES: Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is significantly influenced by childhood trauma (CT), affecting brain anatomy and functionality. Despite the unique disease trajectory in MDD patients with CT, the underlying neurobiological mechanisms remain unclear. Our objective is to investigate CT's impact on the white matter structure of the brain in patients with MDD. METHODS: This research employed tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS) to detect variations between groups in Fractional Anisotropy (FA) throughout the whole brain in 71 medication-free MDD patients and 97 HCs...
2024: Frontiers in Psychiatry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38510800/fronto-striato-network-function-is-reduced-in-major-depressive-disorder
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Reoto Kijima, Keita Watanabe, Naomichi Okamoto, Atsuko Ikenouchi, Hirofumi Tesen, Shingo Kakeda, Reiji Yoshimura
INTRODUCTION: Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a major cause of poor quality of life and disability and is highly prevalent worldwide. Various pathological mechanisms are implicated in MDD, including the reward system. The human brain is equipped with a reward system that is involved in aspects such as motivation, pleasure, and learning. Several studies including a meta-analysis have been reported on the reward system network and MDD. However, to our knowledge, no studies have examined the relationship between the reward system network of drug-naïve, first-episode MDD patients and the detailed symptoms of MDD or age...
2024: Frontiers in Psychiatry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38508699/association-between-inflammation-and-post-intensive-care-syndrome-a-systematic-review
#20
REVIEW
C Docherty, C Page, J Wilson, P Ross, K Garrity, T Quasim, M Shaw, J McPeake
Post-intensive care syndrome describes the physical, cognitive and emotional symptoms which persist following critical illness. At present there is limited understanding of the pathological mechanisms contributing to the development of post-intensive care syndrome. The aim of this systematic review was to synthesise current evidence exploring the association between inflammation and features of post-intensive care syndrome in survivors of critical illness. Relevant databases were systematically searched for studies of human participants exposed to critical illness...
March 20, 2024: Anaesthesia
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