keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38489284/apparent-anomalous-temperature-dependence-of-self-diffusion-studied-by-pulsed-field-gradient-nuclear-magnetic-resonance-and-thermodynamic-modeling
#21
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sujeet Dutta, Andrei Nossov, Anne Galarneau, Youcef Didi, Bilel Said, Renaud Denoyel, Veronique Wernert, Benoit Coasne, Flavien Guenneau
The self-diffusivity of cyclohexane and n -octane adsorbed in hierarchical zeolite monoliths has been investigated by using PFG-NMR. In these samples, the intrinsic FAU-X zeolite microporosity combines with a complex macroporous network composed of aggregated zeolite nanocrystals. As temperature is increased, cyclohexane self-diffusivity apparently decreases, reaches a minimum, and then starts increasing upon further increasing the temperature. Such striking, i.e., non-Arrhenius, temperature dependence is not observed for n -octane in the same samples and for cyclohexane adsorbed in purely microporous FAU-X...
March 15, 2024: Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38489282/description-of-the-fasted-serum-metabolomic-signature-of-lean-and-obese-cats-at-maintenance-and-of-obese-cats-under-energy-restriction
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Caitlin E Grant, Hannah Godfrey, Moran Tal, Marica Bakovic, Anna K Shoveller, Shauna L Blois, Myriam Hesta, Adronie Verbrugghe
This study aimed to investigate the serum metabolomic profile of obese and lean cats as well as obese cats before and after energy restriction for weight loss. Thirty cats, 16 obese (body condition score 8 to 9/9) and 14 lean (body condition score 4 to 5/9), were fed a veterinary weight loss food during a 4-week period of weight maintenance (L-MAINT and O-MAINT). The 16 obese cats were then energy restricted by a 60% energy intake reduction with the same food for a 10-week period (O-RESTRICT). Fasted serum metabolites were measured using nuclear magnetic resonance and direct infusion mass spectrometry after the maintenance period for L-MAINT and O-MAINT cats and after the energy restriction period for O-RESTRICT and compared between groups using a two-sided t-test...
2024: PloS One
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38488949/the-impact-of-exercise-on-blood-based-biomarkers-of-alzheimer-s-disease-in-cognitively-unimpaired-older-adults
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kelsey R Sewell, Stephanie R Rainey-Smith, Steve Pedrini, Jeremiah J Peiffer, Hamid R Sohrabi, Kevin Taddei, Shaun J Markovic, Ralph N Martins, Belinda M Brown
Physical activity is a promising preventative strategy for Alzheimer's disease: it is associated with lower dementia risk, better cognition, greater brain volume and lower brain beta-amyloid. Blood-based biomarkers have emerged as a low-cost, non-invasive strategy for detecting preclinical Alzheimer's disease, however, there is limited literature examining the effect of exercise (a structured form of physical activity) on blood-based biomarkers. The current study investigated the influence of a 6-month exercise intervention on levels of plasma beta-amyloid (Aβ42, Aβ40, Aβ42/40), phosphorylated tau (p-tau181), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and neurofilament light (NfL) chain in cognitively unimpaired older adults, and as a secondary aim, whether blood-based biomarkers related to cognition...
March 15, 2024: GeroScience
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38488061/a-capillary-based-centrifugal-indicator-equipped-with-in-situ-pathogenic-bacteria-culture-for-fast-antimicrobial-susceptibility-testing
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Longyu Chen, Meijia Zhu, Zhiyong Wang, Hongliang Wang, Yongqiang Cheng, Ziwei Zhang, Xiaoxiao Qi, Yifan Shao, Xi Zhang, Hongwei Wang
Antimicrobial resistance has become a major global health threat due to the misuse and overuse of antibiotics. Rapid, affordable, and high-efficiency antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) is among the effective means to solve this problem. Herein, we developed a capillary-based centrifugal indicator (CBCI) equipped with an in situ culture of pathogenic bacteria for fast AST. The bacterial incubation and growth were performed by macro-incubation, which seamlessly integrated the capillary indicator. Through simple centrifugation, all the bacterial cells were confined at the nanoliter-level capillary column...
March 15, 2024: Analyst
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38487500/air-humidity-influence-on-combustion-of-r-1234yf-cf-3-cfch-2-r-1234ze-e-trans-cf-3-chchf-and-r-134a-ch-2-fcf-3-refrigerants
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Valeri I Babushok, Gregory T Linteris
The influence of air humidity on flame propagation in mixtures of hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) with air was studied through numerical simulations and comparison with measurements from the literature. Water vapor added to the air in mixtures of fluorine rich hydrofluorocarbons (F/H≥1) can be considered as a fuel additive that increases the production of radicals (H, O, OH) and increases the overall reaction rate. The hydrofluorocarbon flame is typically a two-stage reaction proceeding with a relatively fast reaction in the first stage transitioning to a very slow reaction in the second stage which leads to the combustion equilibrium products...
April 2024: Combustion and Flame
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38484903/food-environments-and-cardiovascular-disease-evidence-from-the-health-and-retirement-study
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yeonwoo Kim, Joseph Rangel, Natalie Colabianchi
INTRODUCTION: Residential food environments are one of the important determinants of cardiovascular health. However, past literature has been limited by short-term follow-ups, time-invariant environmental measurements at baseline, and/or not investigating both healthy and unhealthy aspects of the food environment. This study examines the effects of time-varying healthy and unhealthy food environments on incident cardiovascular disease (CVD) over ten years, extracting data from the Health and Retirement Study (2006-2016; N=10,413)...
March 12, 2024: American Journal of Preventive Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38484876/achievement-of-dynamic-tablet-defect-detection-mechanism-using-biaxial-slope-symmetry-algorithm
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hsiung-Cheng Lin, Sheng-Xi Xiao
An inspection in tablet appearance integrity before bottling is regarded as a routine task in a pharmaceutical factory. Although some methods such as automated optical instrument, video or artificial intelligence (AI) are currently available in industry, it usually pays for a complex computational process as well as high cost. Based on the symmetry of tablet appearance in reality, this study develops a biaxial scanning slope symmetry algorithm to realize a dynamic real-time tablet defect detection with a simple arithmetic operation...
March 12, 2024: Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38484862/food-selection-and-effect-of-home-preparation-procedure-for-antibiotic-food-mixtures-on-homogeneity-stability-and-dissolution
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Rong Huang, Dongkai Zhu, Jiang Wang, Yvonne Berko, Patricia A Yu, Corinne M Parker, Yon C Yu, Xin Feng, Xiaoming Xu, Muhammad Ashraf
Amoxicillin, doxycycline, and clindamycin are among the commonly used antibiotics to treat bacterial infections. However, dosage forms of antibiotics for pediatric patients may not be as readily available as the formulations for adult patients. As such, it is anticipated that during a public health emergency, special instruction may need to be provided on home preparation and administration procedures to dose pediatric patients using available stockpiles of oral tablet and capsule dosage forms. Mixing crushed tablets or capsule contents with soft- or liquid- foods is one of the most common home preparation procedures...
March 12, 2024: International Journal of Pharmaceutics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38484499/quantum-dots-qds-attached-magnetic-beads-mbs-for-on-chip-efficient-capture-and-detection-of-bacteria-in-ready-to-eat-rte-foods
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yunxing Li, Yihong Xu, Winnie C Soko, Hongyan Bi
In this study, we established a versatile and simple magnetic-assisted microfluidic method for fast bacterial detection. Quantum dots (QDs) were loaded onto magnetic beads (MBs) to construct performance enhanced on-chip capture of bacteria. Escherichia coli (E. coli), as a model bacterium was studied. CdSe QDs were deposited onto the surface of Fe3 O4 MBs through layer-by-layer self-assembly to enhance the loading of antibodies (Abs). MBs functionalized with anti-E. coli antibody molecules in a micropillar-based microfluidic chip were utilized to capture E...
March 8, 2024: Talanta
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38484029/circadian-rhythms-in-cardiovascular-metabolism
#30
REVIEW
Hind Lal, Suresh Kumar Verma, Yajing Wang, Min Xie, Martin E Young
Energetic demand and nutrient supply fluctuate as a function of time-of-day, in alignment with sleep-wake and fasting-feeding cycles. These daily rhythms are mirrored by 24-hour oscillations in numerous cardiovascular functional parameters, including blood pressure, heart rate, and myocardial contractility. It is, therefore, not surprising that metabolic processes also fluctuate over the course of the day, to ensure temporal needs for ATP, building blocks, and metabolism-based signaling molecules are met. What has become increasingly clear is that in addition to classic signal-response coupling (termed reactionary mechanisms), cardiovascular-relevant cells use autonomous circadian clocks to temporally orchestrate metabolic pathways in preparation for predicted stimuli/stresses (termed anticipatory mechanisms)...
March 15, 2024: Circulation Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38483226/not-so-fast-pressing-the-brakes-on-sympathetic-hyperactivity-after-traumatic-brain-injury
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jamie E Podell
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
April 1, 2024: Critical Care Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38483206/the-effects-of-variability-on-context-effects-and-psychometric-function-slopes-in-speaking-rate-normalizationa
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Caleb J King, Chloe M Sharpe, Anya E Shorey, Christian E Stilp
Acoustic context influences speech perception, but contextual variability restricts this influence. Assgari and Stilp [J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 138, 3023-3032 (2015)] demonstrated that when categorizing vowels, variability in who spoke the preceding context sentence on each trial but not the sentence contents diminished the resulting spectral contrast effects (perceptual shifts in categorization stemming from spectral differences between sounds). Yet, how such contextual variability affects temporal contrast effects (TCEs) (also known as speaking rate normalization; categorization shifts stemming from temporal differences) is unknown...
March 1, 2024: Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38481833/covid-19-vaccine-hesitancy-and-attitudes-of-subjects-with-disability-and-their-carers-in-saudi-arabia-a-cross-sectional-study
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Anwar A Sayed
The COVID-19 pandemic has caused significant disruption to countries worldwide, including Saudi Arabia. The fast preventative measures and the mass vaccine enrollment were vital to contain the pandemic in the country. However, vaccine hesitancy was a significant obstacle to taking the vaccine but was not previously explored. One hundred eighty-six subjects with disabilities were enrolled in this study in an attempt to explore their hesitancy and attitudes toward COVID-19 vaccines. Most participants were previously diagnosed with COVID-19 and had a close family who was also diagnosed with it...
2024: Frontiers in Public Health
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38481102/calculation-of-protein-ligand-binding-entropies-using-a-rule-based-molecular-fingerprint
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ali Risheh, Alles Rebel, Paul S Nerenberg, Negin Forouzesh
The use of fast in silico prediction methods for protein-ligand binding free energies holds significant promise for the initial phases of drug development. Numerous traditional physics-based models (e.g., implicit solvent models), however, tend to either neglect or heavily approximate entropic contributions to binding due to their computational complexity. Consequently, such methods often yield imprecise assessments of binding strength. Machine learning (ML) models provide accurate predictions and can often outperform physics-based models...
March 12, 2024: Biophysical Journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38479546/yunvjian-decoction-mitigates-hyperglycemia-in-rats-induced-by-a-high-fat-diet-and-streptozotocin-via-reducing-oxidative-stress-in-pancreatic-beta-cells
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jie Lv, Meng Su, Yansong Wang, Juan Yang, Yanni Liang, Lin Chen, Liyan Lei
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Yunvjian (YNJ), a traditional Chinese herbal formula first reported in Jing Yue Quan Shu, is commonly used in the clinical treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, the mechanism by which YNJ affects T2DM remains unclear. AIM OF THE STUDY: This study aimed to assess the therapeutic effects of YNJ on T2DM and explore the potential mechanism involved. MATERIALS AND METHODS: High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used to identify the chemical compounds of YNJ...
March 11, 2024: Journal of Ethnopharmacology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38479471/food-insecurity-poor-diet-and-metabolic-measures-the-roles-of-stress-and-cortisol
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Dorothy T Chiu, Jordan E Parker, Cameron R Wiley, Elissa S Epel, Barbara A Laraia, Cindy W Leung, A Janet Tomiyama
Food insecurity is highly prevalent and linked to poorer diet and worse metabolic outcomes. Food insecurity can be stressful, and could elicit chronic psychological and physiological stress. In this study, we tested whether stress could be used to identify those at highest risk for worse diet and metabolic measures from food insecurity. Specifically, we hypothesized that cortisol (a physiological marker of stress) and perceived psychological stress would amplify the link between food insecurity and hyperpalatable food intake as well as metabolic measures...
March 11, 2024: Appetite
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38479256/life-cycle-sustainability-assessment-of-short-chain-carboxylic-acid-produced-from-municipal-bio-wastes
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
E Lizasoain-Arteaga, A Sáez-de-Guinoa, M M Parascanu, M Isasa
Bio-based products are a fast-growing market due to increasing consumer consciousness for sustainability. Although this is per se a positive trend, it leads to a higher demand for organic feedstocks which normally comes from primary agricultural sources and can lead to undesired deforestation or other land use changes to farmland. At the same time, Europe is facing another challenge related with the treatment of organic wastes. In this context, the project CAFIPLA developed an integrated process to convert heterogeneous organic materials to building blocks for the bio-based economy...
March 12, 2024: Waste Management
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38479156/iron-overload-promotes-hemochromatosis-associated-osteoarthritis-via-the-mtorc1-p70s6k-4e-bp1-pathway
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Zhiyuan Fang, Chengwei Wang, Jiang Zhu, Yangyang Gou
BACKGROUNDS: Joint iron overload in hemochromatosis induces M1 polarization in synovial macrophages, releasing pro-inflammatory factors and leading to osteoarthritis development. However, the mechanism by which iron overload regulates M1 polarization remains unclear. This study aims to elucidate the mechanism by which synovial iron overload promotes macrophage M1 polarization. METHODS: In vitro, RAW264.7 macrophages were treated with iron and divided into five groups based on the concentration of the iron chelator, desferrioxamine (DFO): Ctrl, Fe, DFO1, DFO2, and DFO3...
March 12, 2024: International Immunopharmacology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38478965/birthweight-and-its-association-with-cardiometabolic-risk-parameters-in-rural-maya-children-from-yucatan-mexico
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Julio Lara-Riegos, Hugo Azcorra, Juan Carlos Salazar-Rendón, Víctor Arana-Argáez, María Teresa Castillo-Burguete, Nina Mendez-Dominguez
BACKGROUND: Knowledge about the influence of early developmental factors on cardiometabolic health in the Maya is limited. AIM: To analyse the relationship between birthweight (BW) and cardiometabolic parameters in a sample of rural Maya children from Yucatan, Mexico. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: We took anthropometric measurements and obtained data on BW and fasting blood samples in a sample of 75 children aged 5-14 years. Dependent variables were: fat mass index (FMI), body mass index (BMI), glucose (G), triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL), LDL/HDL and TC/HDL ratios and metabolic index (TGxG/HDL2 )...
February 2024: Annals of Human Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38478686/4d-microvelocimetry-reveals-multiphase-flow-field-perturbations-in-porous-media
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Tom Bultreys, Sharon Ellman, Christian M Schlepütz, Matthieu N Boone, Gülce Kalyoncu Pakkaner, Shan Wang, Mostafa Borji, Stefanie Van Offenwert, Niloofar Moazami Goudarzi, Wannes Goethals, Chandra Widyananda Winardhi, Veerle Cnudde
Many environmental and industrial processes depend on how fluids displace each other in porous materials. However, the flow dynamics that govern this process are still poorly understood, hampered by the lack of methods to measure flows in optically opaque, microscopic geometries. We introduce a 4D microvelocimetry method based on high-resolution X-ray computed tomography with fast imaging rates (up to 4 Hz). We use this to measure flow fields during unsteady-state drainage, injecting a viscous fluid into rock and filter samples...
March 19, 2024: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
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