Copd burden

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) constitutes a significant public health challenge, with delayed diagnosis and underdiagnosis being pervasive issues. The United States Preventive Service Task Force recommends restricting COPD screening to symptomatic smokers, a focus that has exhibited limitations, leading to delayed diagnoses, and imposing a substantial burden on patients, their families, and the healthcare system. This paper explores an alternative approach, highlighting the potential utility of the COPD assessment test (CAT) score as a prescreening tool...

BACKGROUND: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a common preventable illness that carries a large global economic and social burden. The global initiative for chronic obstructive lung disease (GOLD) guidelines has been utilized as a global strategy for the continued COPD diagnosis, assessment, and treatment. We aimed to determine if the adherence to the 2021 GOLD guideline directed management influenced outcomes. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Retrospective medical records review of adult patients with COPD, who received care in our office during the entire year of 2021...

BACKGROUND: COVID-19-associated pulmonary aspergillosis (CAPA) is burdened by high mortality. Data are lacking about non-ICU patients. Aims of this study were to: (i) assess the incidence and prevalence of CAPA in a respiratory sub-intensive care unit, (ii) evaluate its risk factors and (iii) impact on in-hospital mortality. Secondary aims were to: (i) assess factors associated to mortality, and (ii) evaluate significant features in hematological patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This was a single-center, retrospective study of COVID-19 patients with acute respiratory failure...

With increasing concern about the negative health impact of fungal disease, there is a need to survey what is and is not known about the epidemiology of these infections in Tunisia. We have estimated the incidence and prevalence of the most serious fungal diseases in Tunisia for the first time. Using published literature from Tunisia, or if absent other countries, we have estimated the burden of life-threatening fungal infections and those causing significant morbidity, using deterministic modeling, based on populations at greatest risk...

BACKGROUND: Patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) have a high comorbidity burden. We sought to stratify patients into functional outcomes using the Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire (KCCQ-12), a patient-reported outcome with benefits over both the New York Heart Association (NYHA) classification and the original 23-item KCCQ, and to evaluate the importance of comorbidities in predicting failure of functional improvement post-TAVI in a contemporary cohort...

BACKGROUND: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is an increasingly concerning global public health issue due to its high burden of morbidity and mortality. Pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) is a comprehensive intervention to improve patients' physical and psychological conditions, commonly involving oxygen supplementation. The potential benefits of high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) have recently sparked interest as oxygen therapy. In this context, this study aims to assess the effects of HFNC during the exercise training component of a PR program in people with COPD...

BACKGROUND: Despite substantial progress in reducing the global burden of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), traditional methods to promote understanding and management of COPD are insufficient. We developed an innovative model based on the internet of things (IoT) for screening and management of COPD in primary healthcare (PHC). METHODS: Electronic questionnaire and IoT-based spirometer were used to screen residents. We defined individuals with a questionnaire score of 16 or higher as high-risk population, COPD was diagnosed according to 2021 Global Initiative for COPD (Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease) criteria...

Rationale: Reducing the risk of exacerbation is a fundamental goal in managing stable COPD. Guidelines recommend triple therapy (inhaled corticosteroids, long-acting muscarinic antagonists, and long-acting beta-agonists [ICS/LAMA/LABA]) only as a step-up from dual therapy (LAMA/LABA) for patients at continued high risk of exacerbation, due to the trade-off of an increased risk of pneumonia associated with ICS-containing therapies. However, there is little evidence on the optimum timing of initiating triple therapy...

INTRODUCTION: Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) constitute a massive global burden and are the leading cause of death and disability worldwide. In Greenland, the prevalence of NCDs has historically been low. However, during the past approximately 70 years, life circumstances have changed dramatically resulting in increased life expectancy. Today, the proportion of inhabitants in Greenland ≥65 years has nearly tripled since the 1980s, and the prevalence of obesity and diabetes has increased rapidly within the past decades...

Smoking, a leading cause of chronic respiratory disorders, is elevated among sexual minority (i.e., lesbian, gay, and bisexual) individuals. Elevations in smoking among sexual minority individuals may contribute to increased rates of chronic respiratory disorders among older sexual minority individuals. Data from 161,741 individuals (3.6% sexual minorities) aged 45 and older from the 2020 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System were used to examine disparities in chronic respiratory disorders among older sexual minority individuals...

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a heterogeneous respiratory condition characterized by symptoms of dyspnea, cough, and sputum production. We review sex-differences in disease mechanisms, structure-function-symptom relationships, responses to therapies, and clinical outcomes in COPD with a specific focus on dyspnea. Females with COPD experience greater dyspnea and higher morbidity compared to males. Imaging studies using chest computed tomography scans have demonstrated that females with COPD tend to have smaller airways than males as well as a lower burden of emphysema...

Assessment of self-conscious emotions is important to develop tailored interventions for people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Previous instruments have largely been developed for mental health populations. The Self-Conscious Emotions in COPD Questionnaire was the first instrument to assess self-conscious emotions in people with COPD, but it was only available in English. The aim was to translate the Self-Conscious Emotions in COPD Questionnaire into Swedish and to evaluate its psychometric properties and internal structure in a Swedish context...

BACKGROUND: Health care costs attributed to COPD have been estimated at $4.7 trillion globally in the next 30 years. With the global burden of COPD rising, identification of interventions that might lead to health care cost savings is an imperative. Although many studies report the effect of COPD self-management interventions on subject outcomes and health care utilization, few data describe their effect on health care costs. METHODS: Using data linkage and established case-costing methods with provincial Canadian health databases, we established public health care costs (acute and community) for 12 months following randomization for the 462 participants enrolled in our randomized controlled trial of the Program of Integrated Care for Patients with COPD and Multiple Comorbidities...

COPD is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality both in the US and worldwide. LGBTQ+ individuals (lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, or queer with the plus sign indicating inclusion of people who are questioning, intersex, asexual, or who hold other gender/sex/romantic identities not specifically identified) have a higher rate of tobacco smoking, predisposing them to an increased risk of developing COPD. Despite this risk, the burden of COPD in LGBTQ+ individuals is not known. Moreover, there is limited focus on efforts to identify and reduce disease risk in this population...

In the last decade, ferroptosis has received much attention from the scientific research community. It differs from other modes of cell death at the morphological, biochemical, and genetic levels. Ferroptosis is mainly characterized by non-apoptotic iron-dependent cell death caused by iron-dependent lipid peroxide excess and is accompanied by abnormal iron metabolism and oxidative stress. In recent years, more and more studies have shown that ferroptosis is closely related to the occurrence and development of lung diseases...

INTRODUCTION: Many patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) may derive inadequate benefit from dry powder inhalers (DPIs) because of suboptimal peak inspiratory flow (sPIF). OBJECTIVES: To assess the clinical burden of COPD by characterizing the clinical characteristics of participants with sPIF against medium-low resistance DPIs versus those with optimal PIF (oPIF) from two phase 3 clinical trials. METHODS: Baseline data were collected from two randomized, controlled, phase 3 trials (NCT03095456; NCT02518139) in participants with moderate-to-severe COPD...

AIM: To determine the impact of home-based management on hospital re-admission rates in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). DESIGN: Systematic review methodology was utilized, combining meta-analysis, where appropriate, or a narrative analysis of the data from included studies. DATA SOURCES: Electronic databases CINAHL, MEDLINE, PubMed, Embase and SAGE journals for primary papers, 2015 to 2021, were searched between December 2020 and March 2021, followed by hand-searching key journals, and reference lists of retrieved papers...

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OBJECTIVE: The main goal of this research is to use distinctive features in respiratory sounds for diagnosing Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD). This study develops a classification method by utilizing inverse transforms to effectively identify COPD based on unique respiratory features while comparing the classification performance of various optimal algorithms. METHOD: Respiratory sounds are divided into individual breathing cycles. In the data standardization and augmentation phase, the CycleGAN model enhances data diversity...

INTRODUCTION: Mitral valve stenosis (MS) can be concomitantly present in patients undergoing Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation (TAVI). Some studies have reported up to one-fifth of patients who underwent TAVI also have MS. The relationship between mitral stenosis and TAVI has led to concerns regarding increased adverse cardiac outcomes during and after the procedure. METHODS: The Nationwide Readmission Database (NRD 2016-2019) was utilized to identify TAVI patients with MS with ICD-10-CM codes...