keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38110833/tuberculosis-reactivation-demonstrated-by-choroiditis-and-inflammatory-choroidal-neovascular-membrane-in-a-patient-treated-with-immune-checkpoint-inhibitors-for-malignant-mucosal-melanoma
#21
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Melissa L Murphy, Duncan Rogers
PURPOSE: To describe a complex case of ocular tuberculosis reactivation with anterior uveitis, choroiditis and inflammatory choroidal neovascular membrane (CNVM) following immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICPI) treatment of malignant mucosal melanoma. METHODS: A retrospective collection of medical history, clinical findings and multimodal imaging with literature review of the topic was conducted. RESULTS: A 52-year-old Romanian female developed reduced vision and photophobia after three cycles of ICPI therapy comprised of ipilimumab and nivolumab...
December 18, 2023: Journal of Ophthalmic Inflammation and Infection
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38092418/neuro-beh%C3%A3-et-s-disease-with-atypical-subcortical-nodular-lesions-a-case-report-and%C3%A2-treatment-approach
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kiyomi Yoshimoto, Tadanao Kobayashi, Hidetoshi Matsuoka, Nobushiro Nishimura, Hiromasa Kawashima, Ryo Yoneima, Emiko Tsushima, Shiro Ono, Kenji Nishio
Neuro-Behçet's disease (NB) is a rare complication of Behçet's disease (BD) characterised by central nervous system involvement. While NB typically presents with brainstem lesions, we report an unusual case of NB in a 27-year-old male with multiple subcortical nodular brain lesions but without brainstem, thalamic, or basal ganglia involvement, making this presentation exceptionally rare. The patient had a prior diagnosis of BD and was HLA-B51 positive. He presented with a sudden loss of consciousness, which was attributed to a seizure...
December 8, 2023: Modern rheumatology case reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38077408/pericardial-infiltration-and-constriction-due-to-cardiac-actinomycosis-case-report
#23
Niloufar Korkchi, Linh Ngo, Kwun M Fong, Alex Chaudhuri, David Godbolt, Isuru Ranasinghe
BACKGROUND: Constrictive pericarditis associated with actinomycosis infection is a rare and challenging diagnosis due to its insidious manifestation. We describe the successful treatment of pericardial infiltration and constriction due to actinomycosis. CASE SUMMARY: A 50-year-old Aboriginal man presented with insidious onset of fatigue, dyspnoea, pleuritic chest pain, fever, drenching sweats, severe exercise intolerance to 50 m, and recurrent itchy skin lesions over 8 months...
November 2023: European Heart Journal. Case Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38064539/incidence-risk-factors-and-treatment-of-central-nervous-system-immune-reconstitution-inflammatory-syndrome-in-non-hiv-patients-with-tuberculous-meningitis-a-multicentre-observational-study
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Marie Robert, Arthur Mageau, Augustin Gaudemer, Michael Thy, Nathan Peiffer Smadja, Victoire de Lastours, Thomas De Broucker, Thomas Papo, Tiphaine Goulenok, Karim Sacré
BACKGROUND: Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS) affecting the central nervous system (CNS) is associated with poor outcomes. AIMS: To report on risk factors for CNS-IRIS following tuberculous meningitis (TBM) in HIV-negative patients. METHODS: In this retrospective multicentre study, all HIV-negative adult patients admitted between 2003 and 2021 with microbiologically proven TBM were included. The primary outcome measure was IRIS onset over follow-up...
December 8, 2023: Internal Medicine Journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38053731/hypoglycaemia-in-adrenal-insufficiency
#25
REVIEW
Shien Chen Lee, Elizabeth S Baranowski, Rajesh Sakremath, Vrinda Saraff, Zainaba Mohamed
Adrenal insufficiency encompasses a group of congenital and acquired disorders that lead to inadequate steroid production by the adrenal glands, mainly glucocorticoids, mineralocorticoids and androgens. These may be associated with other hormone deficiencies. Adrenal insufficiency may be primary, affecting the adrenal gland's ability to produce cortisol directly; secondary, affecting the pituitary gland's ability to produce adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH); or tertiary, affecting corticotrophin-releasing hormone (CRH) production at the level of the hypothalamus...
2023: Frontiers in Endocrinology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38044341/pd-1-positive-cells-contribute-to-the-diagnosis-of-inflammatory-bowel-disease-and-can-aid-in-predicting-response-to-vedolizumab
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Min Kyu Kim, Su In Jo, Sang-Yeob Kim, Hyun Lim, Ho Suk Kang, Sung-Hoon Moon, Byong Duk Ye, Jae Seung Soh, Sung Wook Hwang
Differentiating inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) from other inflammatory diseases is often challenging. Programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) is expressed in T cells and is an indicator of their exhaustion. The role of PD-1 expression in diagnosing IBD and predicting the response of biologic agents remains inconclusive. In this study, endoscopic biopsy samples of 19 patients diagnosed with IBD, intestinal tuberculosis, and intestinal Behcet's disease were analyzed using multiplexed immunohistochemistry. Additionally, a separate "vedolizumab (VDZ) cohort" established in ulcerative colitis patients who underwent endoscopic biopsy before VDZ administration was analyzed to predict response to VDZ...
December 4, 2023: Scientific Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38034450/hereditary-ichthyosis-with-gastrointestinal-manifestations-a-case-report
#27
Shivangi Tetarbe, Suhani Jain, Ira Shah
Gut inflammation and defect in the gut mucosal barrier appear to have a correlation with skin diseases and vice versa. The coexistence of hereditary ichthyosis with active colitis has never been reported. We present a 17-year-old female with ichthyosis since birth, abdomen pain for 3 months, with acute colitis. After the initial diagnosis, the patient was started on antituberculous therapy (ATT), steroids, and mesalamine. She followed up with us for 1 year where there was resolution of symptoms. Steroids were stopped after 16 weeks, mesalamine was stopped after 20 weeks in view of low absolute neutrophil counts and ATT was stopped after 1 year...
November 2023: JPGN reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38034214/a-case-series-on-post-covid-tuberculosis-an-underrated-duo-of-covid-19-and-tuberculosis
#28
Jayakumar Rajagopal, Sandeep Konaka Gautamdas, Gayathri Sivakumar, Karthikeyan Ramaraju
In India, tuberculosis (TB) has the second highest disease burden following diabetes mellitus. During the COVID-19 pandemic, there was a surge of several opportunistic infections. In this case series, we report five patients, including three adults and two adolescents, who have developed various forms of TB disease after symptomatic COVID-19 pneumonia. The average time for development of post-COVID TB was 48 days. Adolescent patients have developed disseminated TB, which can be due to COVID-19-induced immunological injury or its treatment-related immune suppression...
October 2023: Curēus
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38030228/challenges-in-the-diagnosis-of-ischemic-stroke-tuberculous-meningitis-and-co-infection-with-hiv-in-a-socially-isolated-elderly-patient
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Han-Ke Huang, Chieh-Sen Chuang
BACKGROUND: Ischemic stroke has been a common cause of death and disability in Taiwan, particularly among the elderly. Social isolation is a significant issue in an aging society, which can be associated with delayed medical care and difficulties in diagnosis. CASE: A 76-year-old man presented with altered mental status, left-sided weakness, and declining cognitive function over three months. He had limited social connections and an unknown medical history. Initial brain imaging showed communicating hydrocephalus...
December 30, 2024: Acta Neurologica Taiwanica
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38022439/the-spectrum-of-intracranial-hypertrophic-pachymeningitis-at-an-eastern-indian-tertiary-care-center
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Suman Das, Biman Kanti Ray
INTRODUCTION: Hypertrophic pachymeningitis (HP) is a treatable, rare inflammatory disease, either primary or secondary to systemic causes. AIMS: To characterize the etiology, clinical manifestations, and treatment outcomes of HP patients and determine the factors influencing the radiological resolution of the pachymeningeal enhancement and recurrence of symptoms within the follow-up period. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We collected data for this prospective observational study between March 1, 2021 and May 31, 2022, at the Bangur Institute of Neurosciences, Kolkata, and the patients were followed for a 6-month period...
2023: Annals of Indian Academy of Neurology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38022183/cervical-pott-s-disease-presenting-as-quadriplegia-in-a-young-patient-a-case-report
#31
Sana Rahim Khan, Afaq Ahmad, Muhammad Saqib, Muhammad Iftikhar
Cervical Pott's disease, a form of spinal tuberculosis (TB), is a significant concern in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Early detection and treatment are critical to preventing complications like vertebral collapse. Clinical and radiological features of cervical Pott's disease can resemble other spinal conditions, posing diagnostic challenges. We present a case of a 28-year-old female who initially presented with quadriplegia, cervical instability, and high-grade fever. Through multidisciplinary collaboration and prompt intervention, the patient was diagnosed with cord compression syndrome secondary to a cervical abscess and probable cervical Pott's disease...
October 2023: Curēus
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38021945/pneumonia-in-the-pandemic-not-always-covid-19
#32
Nur Chandra Bunawan, Annisa D Harlivasari, Airin Aldiani
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has changed the way we manage patients, especially those with respiratory illnesses. Clinical manifestations, chest imaging, and reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) play major roles in diagnosing respiratory infections during a pandemic. However, several infections can mimic COVID-19 regarding its clinical signs, symptoms, and imaging appearance. Diagnosing pneumonia other than COVID-19 is a big challenge in developing countries, given the limited resources available...
October 2023: Curēus
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38021614/the-association-of-mycobacterium-tuberculosis-with-kikuchi-syndrome-a-case-report-and-literature-review
#33
Bereket Tewoldemedhin, Nardos Tewoldemedhin, Jack Boghossian, Charity Iheagwara, Alaa Muhanna, Jihad Slim
Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease (KFD) is considered one of the rare benign conditions of unknown etiology presenting with the triad of cervical lymphadenopathy, fever, and weight loss. The inciting cause continues to be elusive. One of the leading thoughts is that it may be a post-infectious immune response of T-cells and histocytes. The most common triggers reported have been viral infections. Treatment mainly revolves around the reduction of the inflammatory response with anti-inflammatory medication and steroids when appropriate...
October 2023: Curēus
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37975167/first-reported-case-of-anca-associated-vasculitis-induced-by-oxaliplatin-capecitabine-and-trastuzumab
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Bengang Huo, Lirong Lin, Lei Zhao, Rongjie Yu, Jurong Yang
A 68-year-old male, who was undergoing XELOX plus trastuzumab therapy for gastric cancer, developed proteinuria, hematuria, and progressive increase in creatinine after 3 months. Subsequently, the patient also experienced hemoptysis, nasal bleeding. Chest CT examination shown pulmonary hemorrhage. The MRI of the nasopharynx ruled out nasopharyngeal cancer recurrence. The MPO and PR3 were elevated, and renal biopsy confirmed ANCA-related vasculitis, which affected the lungs, kidneys, and nasopharynx. Based on the review of the patient''s medical history and medication, it is believed that ANCA-related vasculitis was caused by XELOX plus trastuzumab chemotherapy, but it is difficult to confirm which specific drug caused it...
2023: Renal Failure
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37965587/case-report-tuberculosis-lymphadenitis-with-systemic-lupus-erythematosus-in-a-young-woman-a-case-report
#35
Yunita Arliny, Dewi Behtri Yanifitri, Wilia Aprilisa Utami, Samantha Geraldine
Background : Tuberculosis is a chronic infectious disease and can be categorised into pulmonary TB and extra-pulmonary TB based on its spread. TB lymphadenitis is one of the extra-pulmonary TB diseases. Patients with a weakened immune system in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) have an increased incidence of TB. Case : Here we present a case report of a 21-year-old female patient with SLE diagnosed with tuberculous lymphadenitis at dr. Zainoel Abidin Hospital, Banda Aceh, Indonesia. The patient complained of a lump in the right neck 4 months ago with a diameter of 4 cm, accompanied by fever, decreased appetite, and weight loss...
2023: F1000Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37954539/cutaneous-drug-reaction-secondary-to-antitubercular-regimen-a-case-report-from-nepal
#36
Himal Bikram Bhattarai, Jeshika Yadav, Sangrila Sapkota, Adarsha Adhikari, Madhur Bhattarai, Ishani Singh, Sujan Shrestha, Jwala Kc, Prakash Karki, Bibhusan Basnet
Cutaneous adverse drug reactions are known side effects of first-line antitubercular therapy, which ranges from mild pruritus to life-threatening toxic epidermal necrolysis. Severe cutaneous adverse drug reactions can lead to antitubercular therapy discontinuation and further complicates tuberculosis treatment. Here we present the case of a 49-year-old obese male who developed a generalized maculopapular rash within 24 hours of initiation of therapy followed by bullae over palms in 3 days. Antitubercular therapy was immediately discontinued, and he was managed with antihistamines, intravenous fluid, and electrolyte supplementation...
2023: SAGE Open Medical Case Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37914423/-clinical-characteristics-of-a-case-of-severe-pneumonia-caused-by-coinfection-of-covid-19-and-chlamydia-psittaci
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
L Han, L X Sun, Y L Chen, H J Shao, L F Zhou
A 69-year-old female patient was admitted to the Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University due to a "cough and fever for eight days". On admission, a coronavirus disease (COVID-19) nucleic acid test was positive, and a chest CT scan showed progressive patchy shadows and consolidation shadows in both lungs. Arterial blood gas analysis showed type Ⅰ respiratory failure. The primary diagnosis was severe community-acquired pneumonia in an older adult without underlying disease...
November 12, 2023: Chinese Journal of Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37900532/secondary-hemophagocytic-lymphohistiocytosis-a-series-of-three-cases
#38
Rajdeep Porel, Vijay Kumar, Ketan Agarwal, Ratnadeep Biswas, Vishnu S Ojha
Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a disease of abnormal activation of the immune system, either due to a familial cause or a sporadic cause, in relation to various triggering agents. Secondary HLH is a complication of various diseases, such as infections, malignancies, and autoimmune disorders. In our case series, we present three cases of secondary HLH with varied etiologies. Case 1 involved an 18-year-old male with a history of pulmonary tuberculosis, presenting with fever, hepatosplenomegaly, and elevated inflammatory markers...
September 2023: Curēus
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37858433/-igg4-related-disease-a-proteiform-pathology-with-frequent-chest-manifestations
#39
REVIEW
M Groh, P Habert, M Ebbo, R Muller, L Gaigne, J-Y Gaubert, N Schleinitz
INTRODUCTION: While IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD) was initially described in the early 2000s, its polymorphic clinical manifestations were previously reported under different names ; they have in common the presence of IgG4+ oligoclonal plasma cells and fibrosis. STATE OF THE ART: Ruling out certain differential diagnoses, the diagnosis of IgG4-RD is based on a bundle of clinical, biological and histological features. Chest involvement is variable and can affect the mediastinum, bronchi, parenchyma, pleura and/or, more rarely, bones and (pericardium, aorta, coronary…) vascular structures...
October 17, 2023: Revue des Maladies Respiratoires
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37815361/comprehensive-summary-of-steroid-metabolism-in-comamonas-testosteroni-ta441-entire-degradation-process-of-basic-four-rings-and-removal-of-c12-hydroxyl-group
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Masae Horinouchi, Toshiaki Hayashi
Comamonas testosteroni is one of the representative aerobic steroid-degrading bacteria. We previously revealed the mechanism of steroidal A,B,C,D-ring degradation by C. testosteroni TA441. The corresponding genes are located in two clusters at both ends of a mega-cluster of steroid degradation genes. ORF7 and ORF6 are the only two genes in these clusters, whose function has not been determined. Here, we characterized ORF7 as encoding the dehydrase responsible for converting the C12β hydroxyl group to the C10(12) double bond on the C-ring (SteC), and ORF6 as encoding the hydrogenase responsible for converting the C10(12) double bond to a single bond (SteD)...
October 10, 2023: Applied and Environmental Microbiology
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