Denver rct

INTRODUCTION: Development during the early stage of life i.e. in the first 1000 d is crucial in determining the psychosocial productivity of a child in the future. Frontline workers (FLWs) are not trained to detect of developmental delays (DDs) in children under the national programme of Rashtriya Bal Swasthya Karyakram (RBSK) in India. OBJECTIVE: To train the FLWs and assess the effectiveness of a training strategy in detection of DDs in children less than 6 y of age using a cluster-randomized trial approach...

Emerging research suggests that one mechanism through which physical activity may decrease cancer risk is through its influence on the methylation of genes associated with cancer. The purpose of the current study was to prospectively test, using a rigorous experimental design, whether aerobic exercise affects DNA methylation in genes associated with breast cancer, as well as whether quantity of exercise completed affects change in DNA methylation in a dose-response manner. 276 women (M age = 37.25, SD = 4.64) were recruited from the Denver metro area for a randomized controlled trial in which participants were assigned to a supervised aerobic exercise program varying in a fully crossed design by intensity (55-65% versus 75-85% of VO2 max) and duration (40 versus 20 min per session)...

INTRODUCTION: The impact of intensive prenatal and infant/toddler nurse home visiting on low-income mothers' and children's survival was examined in 3 RCTs following participants over 2-decade periods after trial registration during pregnancy (data gathered between 1978 and 2015 and analyzed between 2016 and 2020). METHODS: All-cause and external-cause maternal mortality and preventable-cause child mortality were examined using National Death Index data. Survival rates were calculated for all the 1,138 mothers randomized and 1,076 live-born children in the second RCT (conducted in Memphis, TN) and for all the 1,135 mothers randomized and 1,087 live-born children in the first and third RCTs combined (conducted in Elmira, NY and Denver, CO)...

OBJECTIVE: High rates of unintended pregnancy occur among women with opioid use disorder (OUD). OUD treatment settings may provide an ideal opportunity to address the family planning needs of patients. However, few studies have rigorously evaluated interventions designed to address family planning needs in the OUD treatment setting. This study assessed the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary efficacy of a peer-led navigation intervention designed to educate and link women receiving medications for OUD to family planning services...

BACKGROUND: A significant proportion of preterm infants experience developmental delay despite receiving a post discharge early interventional care. Cerebrolysin is a peptide mixture which acts similar to endogenous neurotrophic factors through promoting neurogenesis and enhancing neuronal plasticity. OBJECTIVE: To compare the effect of Cerebrolysin plus routine intervention program versus routine intervention program alone on the outcome of preterm infants at high risk for neurodevelopmental delay...

BACKGROUND: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) affects one in 54 children in the United States of America, and supporting people with ASD across the lifespan presents challenges that impact individuals, families, and communities and can be quite costly. The American Academy of Pediatrics has issued recommendations for routine ASD screening at 18 and 24 months, but some research suggests that few pediatricians perform high-fidelity, standardized screening universally. Furthermore, the United States Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) found insufficient evidence to recommend for or against universal ASD screening...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Cannabis is commonly used among people who drink alcohol, but evidence suggests a nuanced relationship between alcohol consumption and cannabis use. In particular, among individuals undergoing alcohol treatment, the impact of cannabis on alcohol intake may depend on cannabis use frequency. We aimed to test the effects of within-day cannabis use on total drinks consumed and likelihood of binge drinking on a given day across all participants and compare these relationships between males and females and between individuals who reported infrequent and frequent cannabis use...

OBJECTIVES: Among the many intervention programs for children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), the Early Start Denver Model (ESDM) is one of the few approaches that has succeeded in demonstrating clinical efficacy in randomized control trials. Here, we inves-tigate the clinical efficacy of ESDM intervention in young children with ASD in a community setting within Japan. METHODS: All subjects were children with ASD who received ESDM intervention during the study period...

Importance: Observational studies have reported an association between high maternal vitamin D levels and improved neurodevelopment in offspring, but no randomized clinical trial (RCT) has investigated these observations. Objective: To determine whether high-dose vitamin D supplementation during pregnancy improves offspring neurodevelopment from birth to age 6 years. Design, Setting, and Participants: This prespecified secondary analysis of a double-blinded, placebo-controlled RCT of high-dose vitamin D3 supplementation vs standard dose during the third trimester of pregnancy was conducted in the unselected prospective mother-child birth cohort at a single-center research unit in Denmark as part of the Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood 2010 (COPSAC-2010)...

Rationale & Objective: Group-based care provides an opportunity to increase patient access to providers without increasing physician time and is effective in the management of chronic diseases in the general population. This model of care has not been investigated in chronic kidney disease (CKD). Study Design: Randomized controlled trial in adults (n = 50); observational study in adolescents (n = 10). Setting & Participants: Adults and adolescents with CKD and hypertension in the Bronx, NY...

OBJECTIVE: To systematically evaluate evidence for the use of interventions based on appied behavior analysis (ABA) to manage various symptoms of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). METHODS: Sensitivity analyses were conducted by removing any outlying studies and subgroup analyses were performed to compare the effectiveness of ABA and early start denver model (ESDM), picture exchange communication systems (PECS) and discrete trial training (DTT). RESULTS: 14 randomized control trials of 555 participants were included in this meta-analysis...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Systems of care emphasize parent-delivered intervention for children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Meanwhile, multiple studies document psychological distress within these parents. This pilot longitudinal randomized controlled trial compared the parent-implemented Early Start Denver Model (P-ESDM) to P-ESDM plus mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) for parents. We evaluated changes in parent functioning during active treatment and at follow-up. METHODS: Participants included children (<36 months old) with autism spectrum disorder and caregivers...

BACKGROUND: An emerging body of the literature in the past two decades has generally shown that prior cognitive exertion is associated with a subsequent decline in physical performance. Two parallel, but overlapping, bodies of literature (i.e., ego depletion, mental fatigue) have examined this question. However, research to date has not merged these separate lines of inquiry to assess the overall magnitude of this effect. OBJECTIVE: The present work reports the results of a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis examining carryover effects of cognitive exertion on physical performance...

Objective: To describe and evaluate recruitment approaches for a randomized controlled trial (RCT) of community gardening in Denver, Colorado. (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT03089177). Methods: We used community and staff feedback to adapt our recruitment approach from year 1 to year 2 of a multi-year RCT to address health behaviors related to cancer prevention. In year 2, we added a full-time recruitment coordinator, designed and implemented a tracking spreadsheet, and engaged advisory committee members, local garden leaders, and health partners in planning and outreach...

BACKGROUND: Early intervention for Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) in France is heterogeneous and poorly evaluated to date. Early Start Denver Model (ESDM) is a developmental and behavioral model of intervention for toddlers with ASD which has already shown very interesting outcomes on the development of children with ASD in various studies with different settings. However, it is not possible with the current research to agree on the best setting. Thus, we implemented an ESDM program according to our context where children are often pre-schooling early from 30 months old...

BACKGROUND: The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends incorporating psychosocial stimulation into the management of severe acute malnutrition (SAM). However, there is little evidence about the effectiveness of these interventions for SAM children, particularly when serious food shortages and lack of a balanced diet prevail. The objective of this study was to examine whether family-based psychomotor/psychosocial stimulation in a low-income setting improves the development, linear growth, and nutritional outcomes in children with SAM...

OBJECTIVE: This single-blind, randomized, multisite, intent-to-treat study was designed to replicate and extend Dawson et al.'s (Pediatrics. 2010;125: e17-e23) randomized controlled trial testing the effects of the Early Start Denver Model (ESDM), an intensive play- and routines-based intervention delivered in natural settings. METHOD: A randomized controlled trial was conducted at 3 universities. One hundred eighteen children 14 to 24 months old with autism spectrum disorder were enrolled and randomly assigned to ESDM or community interventions for 27 months...

Background: The n-3 (ω-3) long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid (LC-PUFA) docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) is essential for optimal brain development. There is a lack of evidence on the effect of postnatal n-3 LC-PUFA supplementation on child development in low-income countries. Objective: We evaluated the efficacy of fish-oil supplementation through lactation or complementary food supplementation on the development of children aged 6-24 mo in rural Ethiopia. Methods: We conducted a double-blind randomized controlled trial of n-3 LC-PUFA supplementation for 12 mo using fish-oil capsules [maternal intervention: 215 mg DHA + 285 mg eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA)] or a fish-oil-enriched complementary food supplement (child intervention: 169 mg DHA + 331 mg EPA)...

BACKGROUND: Depressive symptoms often manifest in adolescence and predict worsening insulin sensitivity, a key precursor in the path to β-cell failure and type 2 diabetes (T2D). OBJECTIVE: To assess the efficacy of a six-week cognitive-behavioral group versus six-week health education group for improving insulin sensitivity and preserving β-cell function in adolescent girls at-risk for T2D with depressive symptoms and evaluate mechanisms underlying the association between depression and insulin dynamics...

A major topic of debate is whether children with autism spectrum disorder should be educated in inclusive or specialized settings. We examined the feasibility and preliminary effectiveness of delivering the Group-Early Start Denver Model to children with autism spectrum disorder in inclusive versus specialized classrooms. We randomly assigned 44 preschoolers with autism spectrum disorder to receive the Group-Early Start Denver Model across one school calendar year in classrooms that included only children with autism spectrum disorder or mostly children who were typically developing...