blood digestive

Autoimmune liver diseases are associated with an increased risk of diabetes, yet the underlying mechanisms remain unknown. In this cross-sectional study, we investigated the glucose-regulatory disturbances in patients with autoimmune hepatitis (AIH, n=19), primary biliary cholangitis (PBC, n=15), and primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC, n=6). Healthy individuals (n=24) and patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD, n=18) were included as controls. Blood samples were collected during a 120 min oral glucose tolerance test...

We compared nucleic acid-extracted torula yeast (NTY) with soybean meal (SBM) to evaluate NTY as a potential protein feed for ruminants in a metabolic trial using four castrated male goats. NTY was replaced isonitrogenously with SBM at a 25% crude protein (CP) level on a dry matter (DM) basis. NTY has 55% CP and 74% total digestive nutrients on DM. Absorbed N was lower on the NTY diet, but since the urinary N excretion was lower on the NTY diet, no significant between-diet difference in retained N was observed...

BACKGROUND/AIMS: : The histological characteristics and natural history of precirrhotic primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) with portal hypertension (PH) are unclear. Our aim was to clarify the prevalence, risk factors, and histological characteristics of precirrhotic PBC patients with PH. METHODS: : This retrospective study compared the clinical features, histological characteristics, and response to ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) between the PH and non-PH groups of precirrhotic PBC patients...

BACKGROUND/AIMS: : Ulcerative colitis (UC) is an incurable, relapsing-remitting inflammatory disease that increases steadily. Mucosal healing has become the primary therapeutic objective for UC. Nevertheless, endoscopic assessments are invasive, expensive, time-consuming, and inconvenient. Therefore, it is crucial to develop a noninvasive predictive model to monitor endoscopic activity in patients with UC. METHODS: : Clinical data of 198 adult patients with UC were collected from January 2016 to August 2022 at Huadong Hospital, China...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: This pilot study aimed to evaluate safety and tissue sampling from subepithelial lesions (SEL) in the upper gastrointestinal tract with a novel electric motor driven endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS)-guided 17-gauge (G) size core needle biopsy (CNB) instrument. METHODS: An investigator-led prospective open label, performance and safety control study, including seven patients (female n  = 4, median 71 y, range 28-75) with a determined SEL (median size 30 mm, range 17-150 mm) in the upper digestive tract (stomach n  = 6, duodenum n  = 1) were eligible and later followed up 14 days after index procedure...

This study was done to investigate the effects of the incorporation of Achyranthes japonica extracts (AJE) in diet on the production parameters of growing pigs. Exp 1: Total, 105 crossbred pigs (average body weight: 24.47 ± 2.46 kg) were used in a 6-week feeding trial. Pigs (seven replicates, five pigs per pen) were allotted randomly to three treatments. Dietary treatments: CON (basal diet); basal diet with 0.025% AJE, and basal diet + 0.050% AJE). Growth performance, nutrient digestibility, fecal microbial count, and fecal noxious gas were assessed in this study...

Selenium (Se) is an essential trace mineral that plays an important role in physiological processes by regulating the antioxidant defense system and enhancing immunity. Chromium is an essential mineral involved in carbohydrate and lipid metabolism and also plays a role in maintaining normal insulin function. Based on these advantages, we hypothesized that the addition of selenomethionine (SeMet) and organic chromium (OC) to broiler diets would increase Se deposition, antioxidant capacity and immune response in meat...

Only some of the nutrients consumed with food are able to be absorbed from the gastrointestinal (GI) tract and enter the systemic circulation (blood). Because some elements are essential minerals for humans, their beneficial effect on the body depends significantly on their bioavailable amount (the fraction that can be absorbed and used by the organism). The term bioavailability, which is very often used to describe the part of nutrients that is able to be absorbed, is influenced by various factors of exogenous and endogenous origin...

Biowaste from slaughterhouses can be recovered to benefit food security and reduce contamination potential. More than 3 billion heads of livestock are consumed worldwide, which will increase by 17% by 2028, generating more biowaste, increasing infectious agents, and causing economic losses due to circular economy principles not being applied. This work evaluated the nutritional quality of four types of biowaste from bovine slaughter which were transformed into a meal for guinea pigs (rumen content (RCM), ears (EaM), blood (BM), and cheeks (CM)) according to their chemical composition, digestible components, energy contribution, and voluntary consumption...

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of dietary supplementation with capsaicin (CAP) on productive performance, milk composition, nutrient digestibility, ruminal fermentation, and serum metabolites of dairy cows using a meta-analytical approach. The database included 13 studies, from which the response variables of interest were obtained. Data were analyzed using a random effects model, and results were expressed as weighted mean differences between treatments supplemented with and without CAP. Dietary supplementation with CAP increased ( p < 0...

Spleen stiffness measurement (SSM) by transient elastography (TE) has been repeatedly demonstrated as the reliable way to rule out the presence of high-risk esophageal varices (HRV). We aimed to evaluate and compare novel vs. standard TE-SSM module performance in diagnosing HRV in patients with compensated advanced chronic liver disease (cACLD). This retrospective study included patients with cACLD; blood data, upper digestive endoscopy performed within 3 months of TE, SSM@50Hz and SSM@100Hz were collected...

BACKGROUND: The incidence of hypertriglyceridemic acute pancreatitis (HTG-AP) is increasing. Although the guideline defines the diagnostic criteria as triglyceride (TG) greater than 11.3 mmol/L, there is actually no specific threshold. Many people with hypertriglyceridemia (HTG) or obvious chyloid blood do not develop acute pancreatitis (AP). AIMS: To explore the role of HTG in the pathogenesis of AP. METHODS: Thirty-six male SD rats were randomly assigned into normal control, AP, HTG, HTG-AP, low-dose fenofibrate and high-dose fenofibrate groups...

Dairy producers are experiencing production and animal welfare pressures from the increasing frequency and severity of heat stress events due to global climate change. Offspring performance during the pre-weaning and lactating periods is compromised when exposed to heat stress during late gestation (in utero). However, knowledge of the lingering impacts of in utero heat stress on yearling dairy heifers is limited. Herein, we investigated the long-term effects of in utero heat stress on heifer growth, feed efficiency, and enteric methane emissions in post-pubertal heifers...

The present study aimed to use poor quality roughages, such as rice and faba bean straw, treated with or without urea, and their impacts on digestibility, rumen fermentation, some blood parameters, and growth performance of lambs. Twenty crossbred male lambs (1 /4  Finland ×¾ Ossimi, 25±1.13kg live body weight) were chosen and divided into four groups. All lambs were fed rations of concentrated feed mixture at 2% of live weight with the following roughages ad libitum: URS (control group, untreated rice straw), TRS (urea-treated rice straw), FBS (faba bean straw), and TRS+FBS (mixture of TRS and FBS, 1:1)...

The objective was to evaluate the effect of detoxified castor bean replacing soybean meal in the concentrate diet or as nitrogen organic fertilizer replacing urea on intake and nutrient digestibility, blood parameters and productive performance of sheep finished on irrigated Tamani grass pasture under continuous stocking and variable stocking rate. The treatments were two concentrate diets: standard (ground corn and soybean meal) and alternative diet (ground corn and detoxified castor bean cake), and two nitrogen fertilizers: chemical (urea) and organic (fresh castor bean cake)...

CONTEXT: Laparoscopic gastrectomy (LG) provides advantages such as rapid postoperative recovery and little trauma, but postoperative complications are still unavoidable. Detecting serious complications after LG surgery is still a difficult problem for digestive surgeons. OBJECTIVE: The study intended to evaluate the clinical significance of the C-reactive protein (CRP) ratio in predicting postoperative complications after LG. DESIGN: The research team performed a retrospective analysis...

Camelina cake (CAM) is a co-product proposed as an alternative protein source; however, piglet data are still limited. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of different doses of CAM in substitution of soybean meal on the growth, health and gut health of weaned pigs. At 14 days post-weaning (d0), 64 piglets were assigned either to a standard diet or to a diet with 4%, 8% or 12% of CAM. Piglets were weighed weekly. At d7 and d28, faeces were collected for microbiota and polyamine and blood for reactive oxygen metabolites (ROMs) and thyroxine analysis...

Esophageal cancer is the eighth most common cancer worldwide and fourth most common in developing countries. Altered glycosylation pattern of cell membrane molecules along with inflammation is a characteristic attribute of oncogenesis. Galectin-4, a tandem repeat galectin, has shown effect on cancer progression/metastasis in digestive system cancers. This role of galectin-4 can be attributed to variations in LGALS4, gene encoding galectin-4. The present case-control study was designed to analyze four intronic SNPs in LGALS4 with susceptibility toward esophageal cancer...

BACKGROUND: Acute pancreatitis is easily confused with abdominal pain symptoms, and it could lead to serious complications for pregnant women and fetus, the mortality was as high as 3.3% and 11.6-18.7%, respectively. However, there is still lack of sensitive laboratory markers for early diagnosis of APIP and authoritative guidelines to guide treatment. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to explore the risk factors of acute pancreatitis in pregnancy, establish, and evaluate the dynamic prediction model of risk factors in acute pancreatitis in pregnancy patients...

Nattokinase (NK) is a thrombolytic enzyme extracted from natto, which can be used to prevent and treat blood clots. However, it is sensitive to the environment, especially the acidic environment of human stomach acid, and its effect of oral ingestion is minimal. This study aims to increase NK's oral and storage stability by embedding NK in microcapsules prepared with chitosan (CS) and γ-polyglutamic acid (γ-PGA). The paper prepared a double-layer NK oral delivery system by layer self-assembly and characterized its stability and in vitro simulated digestion...