keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38532826/neuropathology-and-epilepsy-surgery-2024-update
#1
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ingmar Blümcke
Neuropathology-based studies in neurosurgically resected brain tissue obtained from carefully examined patients with focal epilepsies remain a treasure box for excellent insights into human neuroscience, including avenues to better understand the neurobiology of human brain organization and neuronal hyperexcitability at the cellular level including glio-neuronal interaction. It also allows to translate results from animal models in order to develop personalized treatment strategies in the near future. A nice example of this is the discovery of a new disease entity in 2017, termed mild malformation of cortical development with oligodendroglial hyperplasia in epilepsy or MOGHE, in the frontal lobe of young children with intractable seizures...
January 2024: Free neuropathology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38528871/comparison-of-computed-tomography-perfusion-and-magnetic-resonance-dynamic-susceptibility-contrast-perfusion-weighted-imaging-in-canine-brain
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sangmin Lee, Soomin Park, Sungwha Hong, Soyeon Kim, Junghee Yoon, Jihye Choi
Brain perfusion allows for the evaluation of cerebral hemodynamics, particularly in brain infarcts and tumors. Computed tomography (CT) perfusion (CTP) provides reliable data; however, it has a limited scan field of view and radiation exposure. Magnetic resonance (MR) perfusion provides detailed imaging of small structures and a wide scan field of view. However, no study has compared CTP and MR perfusion and assessed the correlation between the perfusion parameters measured using CTP and MR perfusion. The aim of the present study was to assess the correlation and agreement of the cerebral perfusion derived from dynamic susceptibility contrast (DSC)-MRI and CTP in dogs...
2024: Frontiers in Veterinary Science
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38527864/development-of-transmission-ambient-pressure-laser-desorption-ionization-postphotoionization-mass-spectrometry-imaging
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Keke Qi, Yongmei Lv, Ying Xiong, Changlin Tian, Chengyuan Liu, Yang Pan
Laser-based high-resolution mass spectrometry imaging at ambient conditions has promising applications in life science. However, the ion yield during laser desorption/ablation is poor. Here, transmission atmospheric pressure laser desorption ionization combined with a compact postphotoionization (t-AP-LDI/PI) assembly with a krypton discharge lamp was developed for the untargeted imaging of various biomolecules. The spatial distributions of numerous lipid classes, fatty acids, neurotransmitters, and amino acids in the subregions of mouse cerebellum tissue were obtained...
March 25, 2024: Analytical Chemistry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38526529/evaluation-of-the-anticarcinogenic-effects-of-rutin-on-brain-tissue-in-mice-with-ehrlich-ascites-carcinoma-by-micro-computed-tomography-and-histological-methods
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mert Ocak, Şükrü Ateş, Selda Kahveci, Aslı Okan, Züleyha Doğanyiğit, Sümeyye Uçar, Seher Yılmaz
BACKGROUND: Studies for new treatment strategies on cancer continue, and new searches continue in the diagnosis and evaluation of cancer. This study examined the possible anticarcinogenic effect of Rutin on the brain tissues of male mice with Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC). MATERIAL AND METHODS: We used micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) and histologically Hematoxylin&Eosin (H&E) staining methods for evaluation. RESULTS: In the evaluation results, we saw a significant decrease in the brain volume of the tumor group to the control group...
March 25, 2024: Asia-Pacific Journal of Clinical Oncology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38501767/resveratrol-prevents-cognitive-deficits-induced-by-sleep-deprivation-via-modulating-sirtuin-1-associated-pathways-in-the-hippocampus
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yue-Ming Zhang, Ru-Meng Wei, Jing-Ya Zhang, Shuang Liu, Kai-Xuan Zhang, Xiao-Yi Kong, Yi-Jun Ge, Xue-Yan Li, Gui-Hai Chen
Accumulating evidence confirms that sleep insufficiency is a high risk factor for cognitive impairment, which involves inflammation and synaptic dysfunction. Resveratrol, an agonist of the Sirt1, has demonstrated anti-inflammation and neuroprotective effects in models of Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and schizophrenia. However, the beneficial effects of resveratrol on sleep deprivation-induced cognitive deficits and its underlying molecular mechanisms are unclear. In the present study, thirty-two male C57BL/6 J mice were randomly divided into a Control+DMSO group, Control+Resveratrol group, SD+DMSO group, and SD+Resveratrol group...
April 2024: Journal of Biochemical and Molecular Toxicology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38490486/polarization-to-m1-type-microglia-in-the-hippocampus-is-involved-in-depression-like-behavior-in-a-mouse-model-of-olfactory-dysfunction
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kohei Takahashi, Minoru Tsuji, Osamu Nakagawasai, Soh Katsuyama, Kazuya Miyagawa, Kazuhiro Kurokawa, Atsumi Mochida-Saito, Hiroshi Takeda, Takeshi Tadano
Impaired olfactory function may be associated with the development of psychiatric disorders such as depression and anxiety; however, knowledge on the mechanisms underlying psychiatric disorders is incomplete. A reversible model of olfactory dysfunction, zinc sulfate (ZnSO4 ) nasal-treated mice, exhibit depression-like behavior accompanying olfactory dysfunction. Therefore, we investigated olfactory function and depression-like behaviors in ZnSO4 -treated mice using the buried food finding test and tail suspension test, respectively; investigated the changes in the hippocampal microglial activity and neurogenesis in the dentate gyrus by immunohistochemistry; and evaluated the inflammation and microglial polarity related-proteins in the hippocampus using western blot study...
March 13, 2024: Neurochemistry International
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38469162/effects-of-early-tooth-loss-on-chronic-stress-and-progression-of-neuropathogenesis-of-alzheimer-s-disease-in-adult-alzheimer-s-model-app-nl-g-f-mice
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Suzuko Ochi, Kumiko Yamada, Takashi Saito, Takaomi C Saido, Mitsuo Iinuma, Kagaku Azuma, Kin-Ya Kubo
INTRODUCTION: Alzheimer's disease (AD), the most common neurodegenerative disease, is characterized by accumulated amyloid-β (Aβ) plaques, aggregated phosphorylated tau protein, gliosis-associated neuroinflammation, synaptic dysfunction, and cognitive impairment. Many cohort studies indicate that tooth loss is a risk factor for AD. The detailed mechanisms underlying the association between AD and tooth loss, however, are not yet fully understood. METHODS: We explored the involvement of early tooth loss in the neuropathogenesis of the adult AppNL-G-F mouse AD model...
2024: Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38455639/-moringa-oleifera-leaves-ethanolic-extract-counteracts-cortical-neurodegeneration-induced-by-aluminum-chloride-in-rats
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Rabab Fawzy Hindawy, Samia M Manawy, Ola Elsayed Nafea, Abeer A Abdelhameed, Fatma Fawzi Hendawi
BACKGROUND: Aluminum, a well-recognized neurotoxin, is implicated in various neurodegenerative disorders. Moringa oleifera ( M. oleifera ), known as a miracle tree, is utilized as a functional food and nutritional supplement. This study investigates the potential preventive effects of M. oleifera extract on aluminum chloride (AlCl3)-induced cortical neurodegeneration in rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Therefore, 24 adult male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four distinct groups: negative control, M...
April 2024: Toxicology Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38453659/personalized-radiation-therapy-for-glioblastoma
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Waqar Haque, E Brian Butler, Bin S Teh
Glioblastoma is the most common primary brain tumor with an estimated 14,000 Americans diagnosed with this disease annually. This disease is treated with maximal surgical resection followed by adjuvant radiation therapy. Radiation therapy was initially delivered to the whole brain and with no concurrent or adjuvant systemic therapy. Advances in imaging and treatment delivery have allowed for partial brain irradiation to minimize radiation dose to normal structures, as well as sparing structures important for memory such as the hippocampus, decreasing morbidity and toxicity...
February 2024: Chinese Clinical Oncology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38451915/%C3%AE-amyloid-peptide-modulates-peripheral-immune-responses-and-neuroinflammation-in-rats
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Krishnendu Adhikary, Satyajit Mohanty, Bidyut Bandyopadhyay, Rajkumar Maiti, Koushik Bhattacharya, Prithviraj Karak
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by immune system dysregulation, impacting both central and peripheral immune responses. The study aimed to investigate the mechanism behind the neurotoxic effects of β-amyloid (Aβ) peptide in the rat brain including the study of neuroinflammation, neurodegeneration, and alterations in peripheral immune responses (PIR). The neuroinflammation brought on by Aβ1-42 and is unknown to influence PIR. Animal models were prepared, after 28 days, control, sham, and treated rats were anaesthetized and inflammatory markers of hippocampus and serum levels (reactive oxygen species, nitrite, tumor necrosis factor-α, and interleukin-1β), and some markers of PIR (splenic mononuclear cells or MNC, cytotoxicity and phagocytic index of the white blood cells leukocyte adhesion inhibition index or LAI), as well as polymorphonuclear cells of the spleen, were assessed...
January 1, 2024: Biomolecular Concepts
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38450444/longitudinal-changes-in-brain-derived-neurotrophic-factor-bdnf-but-not-cytokines-contribute-to-hippocampal-recovery-in-anorexia-nervosa-above-increases-in-body-mass-index
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Johanna Louise Keeler, Klaas Bahnsen, Marie-Louis Wronski, Fabio Bernardoni, Friederike Tam, Dominic Arold, Joseph A King, Theresa Kolb, David M Poitz, Veit Roessner, Janet Treasure, Hubertus Himmerich, Stefan Ehrlich
BACKGROUND: Physical sequelae of anorexia nervosa (AN) include a marked reduction in whole brain volume and subcortical structures such as the hippocampus. Previous research has indicated aberrant levels of inflammatory markers and growth factors in AN, which in other populations have been shown to influence hippocampal integrity. METHODS: Here we investigated the influence of concentrations of two pro-inflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis factor-alpha [TNF- α ] and interleukin-6 [IL-6]) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) on the whole hippocampal volume, as well as the volumes of three regions (the hippocampal body, head, and tail) and 18 subfields bilaterally...
March 7, 2024: Psychological Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38448372/protective-effects-of-the-salt-induced-kinase-inhibitor-hg-9-91-01-on-sepsis-associated-cognitive-dysfunction-in-mice-and-the-underlying-mechanisms
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xueqin Wang, Shuang Wang, Yanhui Cui
OBJECTIVES: Sepsis-associated cognitive dysfunction is a common complication in patients with sepsis and lack of effective treatment. Its pathological mechanisms remain unclear. Salt-induced kinase (SIK) is an important molecule in the regulation of metabolism, immunity, and inflammatory response. It is associated with the development of many neurological diseases. This study aims to investigate the expression of SIK in the hippocampus of septic mice, and to evaluate the role and mechanism of the SIK inhibitor HG-9-91-01 in sepsis-associated cognitive dysfunction...
December 28, 2023: Zhong Nan da Xue Xue Bao. Yi Xue Ban, Journal of Central South University. Medical Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38437957/ondansetron-attenuates-cisplatin-induced-behavioral-and-cognitive-impairment-through-downregulation-of-nod-like-receptor-inflammasome-pathway
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mennat-Allah M Hassan, Sara A Wahdan, Reem N El-Naga, Tamer M Abdelghany, Ebtehal El-Demerdash
Cisplatin is an effective and commonly used chemotherapeutic drug; however, its use is accompanied by several adverse effects, including chemobrain. Ondansetron is a 5-HT3 antagonist, commonly used in prophylactic against chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting. Moreover, it has been identified as a novel neuroprotective agent in different animal models. However, its protective role against chemotherapy-induced chemobrain has not been investigated. The current study was the first study that explored the potential neuroprotective effect of ondansetron against cisplatin-induced chemobrain in rats...
March 2, 2024: Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38428646/synergistic-effects-of-citicoline-and-silymarin-nanomicelles-in-restraint-stress-exposed-mice
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Elham Shayan, Fatemeh Maheri, Fatemeh Aflaki, Seyyedeh-Elaheh Mousavi, Mohammad-Reza Zarrindast, Nahid Fakhraei, Seyyed-Mahdi Rezayat Sorkhabadi, Seyed-Mohammad-Masoud Shushtarian
UNLABELLED: This study evaluated the effects of citicoline and silymarin nanomicelles (SMnm) in repeated restraint stress (RRS). METHOD: Mice were exposed to RRS for four consecutive days, 2 hrs. daily. On day 5 of the study, SMnm (25 and 50mg/kg, i.p.) and citicoline (25 and 75mg/kg), and a combination of them (25mg/kg, i.p.) were initiated. On day 18, anxiety-like behavior, behavioral despair, and exploratory behavior were evaluated. The prefrontal cortex (PFC) and the hippocampus were dissected measuring brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) through Western Blot and ELISA, respectively...
February 28, 2024: Behavioural Brain Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38424085/down-regulation-of-mkp-1-in-hippocampus-protects-against-stress-induced-depression-like-behaviors-and-neuroinflammation
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mengjun Geng, Qiujing Shao, Jiacheng Fu, Jingyang Gu, Laipeng Feng, Liqin Zhao, Cong Liu, Junlin Mu, Xiaoli Zhang, Mingjun Zhao, Xinsheng Guo, Cai Song, Yan Li, Huiying Wang, Changhong Wang
Chronic stress is the primary environmental risk factor for major depressive disorder (MDD), and there is compelling evidence that neuroinflammation is the major pathomechanism linking chronic stress to MDD. Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) phosphatase-1 (MKP-1) is a negative regulator of MAPK signaling pathways involved in cellular stress responses, survival, and neuroinflammation. We examined the possible contributions of MKP-1 to stress-induced MDD by comparing depression-like behaviors (anhedonia, motor retardation, behavioral despair), neuroinflammatory marker expression, and MAPK signaling pathways among rats exposed to chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS), overexpressing MKP-1 in the hippocampus, and CUMS-exposed rats underexpressing MKP-1 in the hippocampus...
March 1, 2024: Translational Psychiatry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38406851/dl-3-n-butylphthalide-alleviates-secondary-brain-damage-and-improves-working-memory-after-stroke-in-cynomolgus-monkeys
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Zimu Jiang, Jiating Wei, Jiahui Liang, Weixian Huang, Fubing Ouyang, Chunyong Chen, Pingping Li, Suhan Cao, Yuangui Cai, Jianle Li, Baozi Huang, Jinsheng Zeng, Yicong Chen
BACKGROUND: Remote secondary neurodegeneration is associated with poststroke cognitive impairment (PSCI). Dl-3-n-butylphthalide (NBP) improves PSCI clinically. However, whether it ameliorates PSCI by alleviating secondary neurodegeneration remains uncertain. Nonhuman primates provide more relevant models than rodents for human stroke and PSCI. This study investigated the effects of NBP on PSCI and secondary neurodegeneration in cynomolgus monkeys after permanent left middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO)...
March 2024: Stroke; a Journal of Cerebral Circulation
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38405310/advancing-beyond-the-hippocampus-to-preserve-cognition-for-patients-with-brain-metastases-dosimetric-results-from-a-phase-2-trial-of-memory-avoidance-whole-brain-radiation-therapy
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Haley K Perlow, Ansel P Nalin, Alex R Ritter, Mark Addington, Aubrie Ward, Michal Liu, Collin Nappi, Dukagjin M Blakaj, Sasha J Beyer, Evan M Thomas, John C Grecula, Raju R Raval, Rupesh Kotecha, Daniel Boulter, Erica L Dawson, Wesley Zoller, Joshua D Palmer
PURPOSE: Recent advances to preserve neurocognitive function in patients treated for brain metastases include stereotactic radiosurgery, hippocampal avoidance whole brain radiation therapy (WBRT), and memantine administration. The hippocampus, corpus callosum, fornix, and amygdala are key neurocognitive substructures with a low propensity for brain metastases. Herein, we report our preliminary experience using a "memory-avoidance" WBRT (MA-WBRT) approach that spares these substructures for patients with >15 brain metastases...
February 2024: Advances in Radiation Oncology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38394736/rosmarinic-acid-mitigates-acrylamide-induced-neurotoxicity-via-suppressing-endoplasmic-reticulum-stress-and-inflammation-in-mouse-hippocampus
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Tian-Bao Wang, Ying He, Rui-Cheng Li, Yu-Xi Yu, Yu Liu, Zhong-Quan Qi
BACKGROUND: Acrylamide (ACR) is a widely used compound that is known to be neurotoxic to both experimental animals and humans, causing nerve damage. The widespread presence of ACR in the environment and food means that the toxic risk to human health can no longer be ignored. Rosmarinic acid (RA), a natural polyphenolic compound extracted from the perilla plant, exhibits anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and other properties. It has also been demon strated to possess promising potential in neuroprotection...
February 12, 2024: Phytomedicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38389270/cacna1b-protects-naked-mole-rat-hippocampal-neuron-from-apoptosis-via-altering-the-subcellular-localization-of-nrf2-after-60-co-irradiation
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Wenjing Yang, Chao Chen, Xiaolong Jiang, Yining Zhao, Junyang Wang, Qianqian Zhang, Jingyuan Zhang, Yan Feng, Shufang Cui
Although radiotherapy is the most effective treatment modality for brain tumors, it always injures the central nervous system, leading to potential sequelae such as cognitive dysfunction. Radiation induces molecular, cellular, and functional changes in neuronal and glial cells. The hippocampus plays a critical role in learning and memory; therefore, concerns about radiation-induced injury are widespread. Multiple studies have focused on this complex problem, but the results have not been fully elucidated. Naked mole rat brains were irradiated with 60 Co at a dose of 10 Gy...
February 22, 2024: Cell Biology International
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38386276/calorie-restriction-protects-against-acute-systemic-lps-induced-inflammation
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Vanessa-Fernanda da Silva, Vitor Gayger-Dias, Rafaela Sampaio da Silva, Thomas Michel Sobottka, Anderson Cigerce, Lílian Juliana Lissner, Krista Minéia Wartchow, Letícia Rodrigues, Caroline Zanotto, Fernanda Carolina Telles da Silva Fróes, Marina Seady, André Quincozes-Santos, Carlos-Alberto Gonçalves
Caloric restriction (CR) has been proposed as a nutritional strategy to combat chronic diseases, including neurodegenerative diseases, as well as to delay aging. However, despite the benefits of CR, questions remain about its underlying mechanisms and cellular and molecular targets. Objective: As inflammatory processes are the basis or accompany chronic diseases and aging, we investigated the protective role of CR in the event of an acute inflammatory stimulus. Methods: Peripheral inflammatory and metabolic parameters were evaluated in Wistar rats following CR and/or acute lipopolysaccharide (LPS) administration, as well as glial changes (microglia and astrocytes), in two regions of the brain (hippocampus and hypothalamus) involved in the inflammatory response...
February 22, 2024: Nutritional Neuroscience
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