keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38158440/current-and-evolving-directions-in-childhood-tuberculosis-imaging
#21
EDITORIAL
Bernard F Laya, Kushaljit Singh Sodhi
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
December 30, 2023: Pediatric Radiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38148816/diagnostic-value-of-tngs-vs-xpert-mtb-rif-in-childhood-tb
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Huiwen Zheng, Haiming Yang, Yonghong Wang, Feina Li, Jing Xiao, Yajie Guo, Hao Chen, Xiaotong Wang, Huimin Li, Chen Shen
OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the diagnostic value of targeted next generation sequencing (tNGS) in childhood tuberculosis (TB) and compare the accuracy with Xpert MTB/RIF method. METHODS: Children aged ≤18 years with symptoms suggestive of TB during July 2021 to December 2022 at Beijing Children's Hospital were included, and the performances of tNGS and Xpert were evaluated. RESULTS: A total of 103 children with suspected TB were recruited, including 72 discharge diagnosis of TB and 31 non-TB cases...
January 15, 2024: Heliyon
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38144646/an-unusual-complication-secondary-to-kanamycin-use-in-a-patient-of-multidrug-resistant-pulmonary-tuberculosis
#23
Sajin Mathews, Sachinkumar Dole, Madhusudan Barthwal, Tushar Sahasrabudhe
Gitelman syndrome (GS) is a rare genetic renal disease characterized by hypomagnesemia, hypokalemia, hypocalciuria, and metabolic alkalosis. It usually presents in late childhood or early adulthood. A 30-year-old female diagnosed case of multidrug-resistant (MDR-TB) pulmonary tuberculosis 2 months ago presented to our outpatient department with intermittent painful spasms in all four limb muscles. Her treatment regimen consisted of kanamycin, levofloxacin, cycloserine, and ethionamide. On further evaluation, her investigations revealed hypokalemia, hypocalcemia, hypomagnesemia, metabolic alkalosis with normal serum creatinine level...
December 2023: Medical Journal, Armed Forces India
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38133322/extrapulmonary-and-drug-resistant-childhood-tuberculosis-unveiling-the-disease-to-adopt-the-optimal-treatment-strategy
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Domenico Pace, Francesca Corvaglia, Catiuscia Lisi, Luisa Galli, Elena Chiappini
Paediatric tuberculosis (TB) is a substantial threat among infectious diseases, particularly considering the high risk of extrapulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB), severe forms of the disease, and the spreading of drug-resistant strains. Describing the characteristics of children with EPTB and those with drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) and analysing the role of second-line drugs could facilitate the management of these cases. This retrospective study was conducted on 271 children diagnosed with active TB disease (44 EPTB cases, 9 DR-TB cases), originating from diverse geographic areas, who were referred to the infectious disease unit at Meyer Children's Hospital, Florence, Italy, from 2006 to 2022...
December 12, 2023: Pathogens
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38110266/latent-tb-in-indian-pediatric-population-an-update-on-evidence-gaps-and-research-needs
#25
REVIEW
Suchitra Surve, Kajal Naukariya, Ira Shah
The main aim of this article is to review various studies conducted in relation to diagnosis, treatment and management of Latent TB Infection (LTBI) in under-five children, thus highlighting research gaps and further scope of improvements with respect to Indian context. The methodology involved literature review of various online review articles and research papers along with current published guidelines for LTBI management by World Health Organization (WHO) and National tuberculosis Elimination Program (NTEP)...
2023: Indian Journal of Tuberculosis
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38110259/tuberculosis-and-childhood-cancer-a-review-of-literature
#26
REVIEW
Thomas Vadakkan Devassy, Shilpa K V, Anna Jacob, Vishnu Murali Meleppat
Tuberculosis and malignancy are major public health problems in developing countries like India and causes significant morbidity and mortality. Mycobacterium tuberculosis is an aerobic acid-fast bacilli which is an important pathogen especially complicating clinical status of paediatric oncology patients and treatment of infection with this bacilli is challenging in this subpopulation of patients because of ongoing immunosuppression and relative lack of published guidelines. Atypical presentations of tuberculosis in children also complicate the diagnosis and management...
2023: Indian Journal of Tuberculosis
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38110257/stool-cbnaat-alternative-tool-in-the-diagnosis-of-pulmonary-tuberculosis-in-children
#27
REVIEW
Anurag Agarwal, Surendra Bahadur Mathur
Tuberculosis (TB) remains a significant public health concern, especially in children. The World Health Organization now provides estimates on pediatric TB cases and deaths, underscoring the urgency of addressing this issue. In India, childhood TB contributes significantly to the global burden, with a notable gap between reported cases and estimated incidence. Diagnosing pulmonary TB in children presents challenges, primarily due to difficulties in obtaining suitable respiratory specimens. Rapid tests like Cartridge-Based Nucleic Acid Amplification Test (CBNAAT) have shown promise in enhancing diagnostic sensitivity...
2023: Indian Journal of Tuberculosis
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38102646/-it-s-about-time-they-taught-us-a-qualitative-study-evaluating-the-barriers-to-finding-and-screening-child-contacts-under-five-at-risk-for-tb-in-gauteng-province-south-africa-from-the-provider-and-caregiver-perspectives
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Fadzai Munedzimwe, C M Chetty-Makkan, R Mukora, S Charalambous, K Turner, V Chihota
BACKGROUND: Inadequate numbers of children under five years of age who are exposed to tuberculosis (TB) in the home (child contact) are initiated on TB preventive treatment (TPT) in South Africa. We assessed barriers of initiating isoniazid preventive therapy (IPT) in this age group. METHODS: We conducted a qualitative study at two primary health clinics in the Ekurhuleni district in Gauteng Province. Between April and July 2019, we enrolled facility managers, TB staff and parents or legal guardians of child contacts (caregivers) attending for care, at the two facilities...
December 15, 2023: BMC Health Services Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38062701/-asthma-epidemiology-of-based-on-a-standard-questionnaire
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
H M Liu, K W Huang, C Wang
Asthma is a common chronic airway disease in the world. Although the guidelines recommend the diagnostic criteria for asthma and have been widely used in clinical practice, the standardized asthma questionnaire is often recommended for prevalence surveys in large-scale epidemiological surveys of the population, because the standardized asthma questionnaire has the characteristics of high benefit, low cost and high response rate, and the results are also feasible for comparison between different populations or regions...
December 8, 2023: Chinese Journal of Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38057919/childhood-immunization-uptake-determinants-in-kinshasa-democratic%C3%A2-republic-of-the%C3%A2-congo-ordered-regressions-to-assess-timely-infant-vaccines-administered-at-birth-and-6-weeks
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Alix Boisson-Walsh, Peyton Thompson, Bruce Fried, Christopher Michael Shea, Patrick Ngimbi, Fidéle Lumande, Martine Tabala, Melchior Mwandagalirwa Kashamuka, Pélagie Babakazo, Marisa Elaine Domino, Marcel Yotebieng
BACKGROUND: Despite global efforts to reduce preventable childhood illness by distributing infant vaccines, immunization coverage in sub-Saharan African settings remains low. Further, timely administration of vaccines at birth-tuberculosis (Bacille Calmette-Guérin [BCG]) and polio (OPV0)-remains inconsistent. As countries such as Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) prepare to add yet another birth-dose vaccine to their immunization schedule, this study aims to improve current and future birth-dose immunization coverage by understanding the determinants of infants receiving vaccinations within the national timeframe...
December 6, 2023: Global Health Research and Policy
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38044761/skeletal-tuberculosis-in-pediatric-population-for-15-years-twenty-cases-from-southern-turkey
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ü Çay, D Alabaz, Ö Ö Gündeşlioglu, A Mirioglu, U A Pehlivan
BACKGROUND: Skeletal tuberculosis is rarely seen among extrapulmonary tuberculosis, especially in childhood because the diagnosis may be delayed for years due to diagnostic difficulties. In this study, it was aimed to evaluate the clinical characteristics, methods used in diagnosis, treatment specifics, and prognosis of patients diagnosed with bone joint tuberculosis in childhood. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty patients diagnosed with skeletal tuberculosis in our hospital between Jan 1, 2006, and Jan 1, 2021, were evaluated retrospectively...
November 1, 2023: Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38042979/decreased-prevalence-and-severity-of-asthma-symptoms-among-adolescents-in-ibadan-nigeria-1995-2018
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
A A Labaeka, A G Falade, E O D Addo-Yobo, K Mortimer, L Zurba, M Lesosky, P Ellwood, M I Asher
BACKGROUND: Phases I and III of the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) documented increased asthma symptoms among Nigerian 13-14-year old adolescents. We investigated the trend further using the Global Asthma Network (GAN) surveillance. METHODS: Using ISAAC methodology, GAN Phase I data on symptoms and risk factors for asthma and asthma management were obtained from February to July 2018. RESULTS: There were 2,897 adolescents from 23 secondary schools. For current wheeze, there was an absolute prevalence fall per decade of -1...
December 1, 2023: International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38041962/proteome-and-immunogenicity-differences-in-bcg-pasteur-atcc-35734-and-its-derivative-the-vaccine-candidate-bcg%C3%AE-bcg1419c-during-planktonic-growth-in-7h9-and-proskauer-beck-media
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mario Alberto Flores-Valdez, Jesús Bernardino Velázquez-Fernández, César Pedroza-Roldán, Michel de Jesús Aceves-Sánchez, Abel Gutiérrez-Ortega, Wendy López-Romero, Jeannette Barba-León, Jacobo Rodríguez-Campos
Bacillus Calmette-Guèrin (BCG) remains as the only vaccine employed to prevent tuberculosis (TB) during childhood. Among factors likely contributing to the variable efficacy of BCG is the modification in its antigenic repertoire that may arise from in vitro growth conditions. Our vaccine candidate, BCGΔBCG1419c, improved protection against TB in mice and guinea pigs with bacteria grown in either 7H9 OADC Tween 80 or in Proskauer Beck Tween 80 media in independent studies. Here, we compared the proteomes of planktonic cultures of BCG and BCGΔBCG1419c, grown in both media...
November 28, 2023: Tuberculosis
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38011851/the-double-sided-effects-of-mycobacterium-bovis-bacillus-calmette-gu%C3%A3-rin-vaccine-on-helminthic-infections
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Tahereh Mikaeili Galeh, Behzad Bijani, Seyedeh Zahra Hashemi, Elham Kia Lashaki, Samira Dodangeh
Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG), a live attenuated strain derived from an isolate of Mycobacterium bovis, is one of the childhood vaccinations widely used against tuberculosis (TB). In addition to its effects on mycobacterial diseases, the information has shown the protection effect of BCG in helminthic diseases. In the current review, the role of BCG vaccine in non-specific protection helminthic infection is reviewed. In human alveolar echinococcosis (AE), treatment with BCG enhances host's innate immune response against the parasite via the number and activation of monocytes...
November 27, 2023: Annals of Parasitology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37995068/current-treatment-of-drug-resistant-tuberculosis-in-children
#35
REVIEW
H Simon Schaaf, Jennifer Hughes
Optimal diagnosis and management of children aged <15 y with rifampicin- or multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (RR/MDR-TB) relies on identification of adults with the disease and pro-active screening of their close contacts. Children may be diagnosed with RR/MDR-TB based on microbiological confirmation from clinical specimens (sputum, gastric washings, stool), but usually the diagnosis is presumptive, with a history of exposure to RR/MDR-TB and clinical/radiological signs and symptoms suggestive of TB disease...
November 23, 2023: Indian Journal of Pediatrics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37982923/post-tuberculosis-sequelae-in-children
#36
REVIEW
Ritika Goyal, Ankit Parakh
Tuberculosis (TB) is a global health problem especially in the Indian subcontinent imposing significant physical, psychosocial and economic burden on the society. Most national programs define TB cure as completion of treatment with improvement in clinical symptoms, microbiological and radiological clearance. However, follow up these patients for long-term sequelae or complications has not got adequate attention. Post-TB lung disease, neurological deficits and spinal deformities are some of the post-TB sequelae reported in adults, with scanty data available for children...
November 20, 2023: Indian Journal of Pediatrics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37979964/pulmonary-function-outcomes-after-tuberculosis-treatment-in-children-a-systematic-review-and-meta-analysis
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yao Long Lew, Angelica Fiona Tan, Stephanie T Yerkovich, Tsin Wen Yeo, Anne B Chang, Christopher P Lowbridge
BACKGROUND: Despite tuberculosis (TB) being a curable disease, current guidelines fail to account for the long-term outcomes of post-tuberculosis lung disease-a cause of global morbidity despite successful completion of effective treatment. Our systematic review aimed to synthesise the available evidence on the lung function outcomes of childhood pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB). METHODS: PubMed, ISI Web of Science, Cochrane Library and ProQuest databases were searched for English-only studies without time restriction (latest search date 22 March 2023)...
November 18, 2023: Archives of Disease in Childhood
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37970780/case-fatality-rate-of-childhood-tuberculosis-experience-from-federal-teaching-hospital-gombe-a-two-decade-review
#38
W E Isaac, I Jalo, G Yohanna, A Rasaki, K Ebisike, A Girbo, L Olatoke, P M Raymond, A Iliya, V Ndubusi, Y Rabo, G E Daniel, D Apollos, B Bakura, O Maryam, A Bello, Z Joel, H Tukur, H Abdulkarim, O A Adeniran, S Abdulrahman, T Meller, A Adamu, B A Ibrahim
INTRODUCTION: Tuberculosis (TB) was the leading cause of death from an infectious agent worldwide, until the Coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, ranking above HIV/AIDS. Nigeria ranks 6th among the 30 TB high-burden countries (TB, TB/HIV, DRTB) and 1st in Africa. The estimated case fatality rate (CFR) of TB in Sub-Sahara Africa (SSA) is 15%. OBJECTIVE: To review the Tuberculosis case fatality rate (TCFR) in children diagnosed with TB from 2000-2019 in Federal Teaching Hospital Gombe...
November 10, 2023: West African Journal of Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37963484/-new-aspects-in-pediatric-pulmonary-hypertension-commented-2022ers-esc-ph-guidelines
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Christian Apitz, Rainer Kozlik-Feldmann, Christina A Eichstaedt, Matthias Gorenflo, Astrid E Lammers, Ralf Geiger
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) in childhood differs from that of adulthood particularly in the specific pathophysiology of congenital heart disease-associated pulmonary arterial hypertension, the presence of developmental lung disease, and the frequent association with chromosomal, genetic, and syndromal abnormalities. Treatment of children with PH requires a modified diagnostic algorithm tailored to childhood, as well as pathophysiologically oriented therapeutic strategies. In the current 2022 ERS/ESC-PH guidelines, the specific features of PH in children are highlighted in its own chapter and commented on by the authorship group in this article...
November 2023: Pneumologie
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37950309/tuberculosis-among-children-and-adolescents-with-rheumatic-diseases-case-series
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lenita de Melo Lima, Adriana Rodrigues Fonseca, Clemax Couto Sant'Anna, Ana Alice Amaral Ibiapina Parente, Rafaela Baroni Aurilio, Maria de Fátima Bazhuni Pombo Sant'Anna
BACKGROUND: Rheumatic patients have a higher frequency of tuberculosis(TB) than the general population. This study aimed to describe children and adolescents with TB and rheumatic diseases(RD) who were being treated in a reference center. METHODS: A series of TB cases were investigated in a reference center for childhood TB in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, from 1995 to 2022. RESULTS: Fifteen patients with underlying RD and TB were included with 8(53%) being female...
November 10, 2023: Pediatric Rheumatology Online Journal
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