Edital

IMPORTANCE: Restrictions related to the COVID-19 pandemic disrupted the lives of young children, but the association between the pandemic and any changes in early childhood developmental milestone achievement in the US remains unclear. OBJECTIVES: To determine the association between the COVID-19 pandemic and changes in developmental screening scores among US children aged 0 to 5 years and to investigate whether caregivers self-reported more worries about their children or concerns about children's behavior during the pandemic, regardless of milestone achievement...

Chitooligosaccharides (COS) find numerous applications due to their exceptional properties. Enzymatic hydrolysis of chitosan by chitosanase is considered an advantageous route for COS production. Heterologous expression of chitosanase holds significant promise, yet studies using commonly employed Escherichia coli and Pichia pastoris strains encounter challenges in subsequent handling and industrial scalability. In this investigation, we opted for using the safe yeast strain Saccharomyces cerevisiae (GRAS), obviating the need for methanol induction, resulting in successful expression...

Because of its potent antioxidant effects, lycopene has been used in various industries including, but not limited to, food, medical, and cosmetic industries. Yarrowia lipolytica, a non-conventional yeast species, is a promising chassis due to its natural mevalonate (MVA) pathway, abundant precursor acetyl coenzyme A content, and oleaginous properties. Several gene editing tools have been developed for Y. lipolytica along with engineering strategies for tetraterpenoid production. In this study, we engineered Y...

High-performance electrical Joule heaters with high mechanical properties, low driving voltage, rapid response, and flexibility are highly desirable for portable thermal management. Herein, by using aligned bacterial cellulose (BC) and silver nanowire (AgNW), we fabricated a novel film heater based on Joule heating phenomena. The aligned BC film prepared by stretching BC hydrogel and hot-pressing drying technology showed outstanding mechanical properties and flexibility. The ultrahigh strength of up to 1018 MPa and the toughness of 20 MJ/m3 were obtained for the aligned BC film with 40% wet-stretching (BC-40)...

BACKGROUND: APC and MUTYH are both well-known colorectal polyposis causative genes. However, 30-50% of colorectal adenomatous polyposis cases are classified as colonic adenomatous polyposis of unknown etiology and lack identifiable pathogenic variants. Although guidelines recommend total proctocolectomy for colonic adenomatous polyposis of unknown etiology with over 100 adenomas, evidence is lacking. This study presents a unique case of localized colonic adenomatous polyposis of unknown etiology with multiple adenocarcinomas, treated with hemicolectomy and regional lymph node dissection...

Ansamycins, represented by the antituberculosis drug rifamycin, are an important family of natural products. To obtain new ansamycins, Streptomyces rapamycinicus IMET 43975 harboring an ansamycin biosynthetic gene cluster was fermented in a 50 L scale, and subsequent purification work led to the isolation of five known and four new analogues, where hygrocin W ( 2 ) belongs to benzoquinonoid ansamycins, and the other three hygrocins, hygrocins X-Z ( 6 - 8 ), are new seco-hygrocins. The structures of ansamycins ( 1 - 8 ) were determined by the analysis of spectroscopic (1D/2D NMR and ECD) and MS spectrometric data...

Reviews the book, Handbook of Positive Youth Development: Advancing Research, Policy, and Practice in Global Contexts edited by Radosveta Dimitrova and Nora Wiium (2021). This volume deals with both the applications and interventions of positive youth development (PYD) in the context of families and other systems in global contexts. Additionally, it advances empirical and theoretical knowledge in PYD, refinement of methodological issues, and measurement and integration of PYD-related knowledge with policy, research, and practice...

PRECIS: In recent years, ChatGPT has been widely used as a source of information. In our study, it was revealed that ChatGPT gives accurate information about glaucoma. PURPOSE: We examined the knowledge of ChatGPT about glaucoma. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Frequently asked questions about glaucoma found on websites of ophthalmology associations and hospitals, and social media applications were assessed. Evidence-Based Recommendations in the European Glaucoma Society Terminology and Guidelines for Glaucoma 5th Edition were evaluated...

The CRISPR-Cas9 technology has the potential to revolutionize the treatment of various diseases, including Rett syndrome, by enabling the correction of genes or mutations in human patient cells. However, several challenges need to be addressed before its widespread clinical application. These challenges include the low delivery efficiencies to target cells, the actual efficiency of the genome-editing process, and the precision with which the CRISPR-Cas system operates. Herein, the study presents a Magnetic Nanoparticle-Assisted Genome Editing (MAGE) platform, which significantly improves the transfection efficiency, biocompatibility, and genome-editing accuracy of CRISPR-Cas9 technology...

Using an Ig H chain conferring specificity for N-acetyl-d-glucosamine (GlcNAc), we developed transgenic (VHHGAC39 TG) mice to study the role of self-antigens in GlcNAc-reactive B-1 B cell development. In VHHGAC39 TG mice, GlcNAc-reactive B-1 B cell development during ontogeny and in adult bone marrow was normal. However, adult TG mice exhibited a block at transitional-2 immature B cell stages, resulting in impaired allelic exclusion and accumulation of a B cell subset coexpressing endogenous Ig gene rearrangements...

CRISPR-Cas systems have widely been adopted as genome editing tools, with two frequently employed Cas nucleases being SpyCas9 and LbCas12a. Although both nucleases use RNA guides to find and cleave target DNA sites, the two enzymes differ in terms of protospacer-adjacent motif (PAM) requirements, guide architecture and cleavage mechanism. In the last years, rational engineering led to the creation of PAM-relaxed variants SpRYCas9 and impLbCas12a to broaden the targetable DNA space. By employing their catalytically inactive variants (dCas9/dCas12a), we quantified how the protein-specific characteristics impact the target search process...

The main bottleneck in the application of biotechnological breeding methods to woody species is due to the in vitro regeneration recalcitrance shown by several genotypes. On the other side, woody species, especially grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.), use most of the pesticides and other expensive inputs in agriculture, making the development of efficient approaches of genetic improvement absolutely urgent. Genome editing is an extremely promising technique particularly for wine grape genotypes, as it allows to modify the desired gene in a single step, preserving all the quality traits selected and appreciated in elite varieties...

Preparation of DNA polymorphism datasets for analysis is an important step in evolutionary genetic and molecular ecology studies. Ever-growing dataset sizes make this step time consuming, but few convenient software tools are available to facilitate processing of large-scale datasets including thousands of sequence alignments. Here I report "processor of sequences v4" (proSeq4)-a user-friendly multiplatform software for preparation and evolutionary genetic analyses of genome- or transcriptome-scale sequence polymorphism datasets...

The clinicopathological spectrum of undifferentiated round cell sarcomas of bone and soft tissues is expanding after the 5th edition of the WHO classification. A 23-year-old male patient presented with a lump in his left thigh of 3 months' duration. Radiological examination revealed a well-defined, solid-cystic lobulated, soft tissue lesion in the proximal medial region of his left thigh, measuring 7.7 cm in the largest dimension. The referring diagnosis was an epithelioid sarcoma. Histopathological review of the tumor sections revealed a cellular tumor composed of malignant epithelioid to focally "rhabdoid-like" cells in a variable hyalinized and myxoid stroma with geographic areas of necrosis...

[This retracts the article DOI: 10.7150/thno.84429.].

We summarize the 10th Competition on Legal Information Extraction and Entailment. In this tenth edition, the competition included four tasks on case law and statute law. The case law component includes an information retrieval task (Task 1), and the confirmation of an entailment relation between an existing case and a selected unseen case (Task 2). The statute law component includes an information retrieval task (Task 3), and an entailment/question-answering task based on retrieved civil code statutes (Task 4)...

Background Internally displaced persons (IDP) camps are still home to a large number of female survivors of the Yazidi genocide carried out in Iraq in 2014 by the Islamic organization known as the Islamic State of Iraq and Syria (ISIS). Many of these women suffer from a persistent form of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), which can last for many years. On the other hand, little is known about the intricate etiology of PTSD. Objectives In this observational cross-sectional study, the biochemical parameters, including inflammatory and oxidative stress (OXS) markers, were evaluated in two groups: the case group (women with newly diagnosed PTSD) and the control group (apparently healthy women)...

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the mediating effect of social problems in the effect pathway of emotional dysregulation influencing anxiety/depression emotions in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and to explore the potential moderating effect of family functionality. METHODS: A total of 235 children diagnosed with ADHD were enrolled in the study. The paticipants' age ranged from 6 to 12. Emotion Regulation Checklist, Achenbach's Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) Social Problems Subscale, CBCL Anxious/Depressed Subscale, and Family Assessment Device were used to evaluate the emotional regulation, social problems, anxiety/depression emotions, and family functionality of the participants...

The dynamic balance between bone formation and bone resorption is a critical process of bone remodeling. The imbalance of bone formation and bone resorption is closely associated with the occurrence and development of various bone-related diseases. Under both physiological and pathological conditions, non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) play a crucial regulatory role in protein expression through either inhibiting mRNAs translation or promoting mRNAs degradation. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a type of non-linear ncRNAs that can resist the degradation of RNA exonucleases...

OBJECTIVE: To express the protein enconded by the Rv 3432 c gene of Mycobacterium tuberculosis ( M . tb ) in vitro by prokaryotic expression, to analyze the structure of the Rv3432c protein by using bioinformatics software, and to explore for new drug targets against M . tb . METHODS: The Rv 3432 c gene was amplified by PCR using the genomic DNA of the inactivated M . tb strain H37Rv as the template and a recombinant plasmid was constructed with the expression vector pET-28a...