Ropinirole

Objective  Amantadine has both anti-glutamatergic and dopaminergic action and may improve restless legs syndrome (RLS). We compared the efficacy and adverse-effect profile of amantadine and ropinirole in RLS. Methods  In this randomized, open-label, 12-week flexible-dose exploratory study, RLS patients with international RLS study group severity scale score (IRLSS) > 10 were randomized to receive either amantadine(100-300mg/day) or ropinirole (0.5-2mg/day). Drug dose was increased until week-6 if IRLSS failed to improve by ≥10% of previous visit score...

BACKGROUND: Non-ergot dopamine agonists (NEDAs) have been used as monotherapy or as an adjunctive therapy to levodopa for many years. Novel long-acting formulations of NEDAs including pramipexole extended-release (ER), ropinirole prolonged-release (PR), and rotigotine transdermal patch have been developed. However, there is no strong evidence that a given NEDA is more potent than another. We performed a systematic review and network meta-analysis to evaluate the efficacy, tolerability and safety of six commonly used NEDAs in early Parkinson's disease (PD)...

BACKGROUND: Compared with levodopa, dopamine agonists (DAs) as initial treatment are associated with lower incidences of motor complications in early Parkinson's disease (PD). There is no strong evidence that a given DA is more potent in lower incidences of motor complications than another. OBJECTIVE: We performed a network meta-analysis of levodopa versus DAs as monotherapy in early PD to access the risk of motor complications. METHODS: Databases were searched up to June 2022 for eligible RCTs...

BACKGROUND: Ropinirole has been shown to provoke vomiting in dogs by activating the dopamine D2-like receptors in the chemoreceptor trigger zone. In humans, ropinirole is metabolized primarily by CYP1A2. Corresponding dog CYP1A2 is known to be a polymorphic enzyme which can cause variation in pharmacokinetics of compounds metabolised via this enzyme. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to understand metabolic clearance of ropinirole in dogs, the enzymes involved in ropinirole metabolism and specially to estimate whether the clearance can be sensitive towards the polymorphism of canine CYP1A2...

Many patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) experiencing l-DOPA-induced dyskinesia (LID) receive adjunct treatment with dopamine agonists, whose functional impact on LID is unknown. We set out to compare temporal and topographic profiles of abnormal involuntary movements (AIMs) after l-DOPA dose challenges including or not the dopamine agonist ropinirole. Twenty-five patients with PD and a history of dyskinesias were sequentially administered either l-DOPA alone (150% of usual morning dose) or an equipotent combination of l-DOPA and ropinirole in random order...

UNLABELLED: Parkinson's disease (PD) is primarily the second most common neurological disorder, caused by the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the midbrain, which is primarily responsible for the onset of the disease. The major challenge faced in PD is the Blood Brain Barrier (BBB) which doesn't allow the delivery of therapeutics to the targeted locations. To solve the issue, lipid nano-systems have been used for precisely targeted delivery of therapeutic compounds for anti-PD therapy...

iPSC-based drug discovery led to a phase 1/2a trial of ropinirole in ALS. 20 participants with sporadic ALS received ropinirole or placebo for 24 weeks in the double-blind period to evaluate safety, tolerability, and therapeutic effects. Adverse events were similar in both groups. During the double-blind period, muscle strength and daily activity were maintained, but a decline in the ALSFRS-R, which assesses the functional status of ALS patients, was not different from that in the placebo group. However, in the open-label extension period, the ropinirole group showed significant suppression of ALSFRS-R decline and an additional 27...

Clinical trials in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) are challenged by the lack of pre-clinical models and biomarkers of disease onset and progression. In this issue, Morimoto et al. use induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived motor neurons from patients with ALS to study therapeutic mechanisms of ropinirole in a clinical trial and identify treatment responders.

Zebrafish are frequently used as a vertebrate model to elucidate toxicological and pharmacological mechanisms of action in the central nervous system. Pharmacological studies demonstrate that dopamine, signaling via several receptor subtypes, regulates zebrafish larval behavior. Quinpirole is a selective dopamine receptor agonist for D2 and D3 subtypes while ropinirole exhibits selectivity toward D2, D3, and D4 receptors. The main objective of this study was to determine the short-term actions of quinpirole and ropinirole on the locomotor activity and anxiolytic/anti-anxiolytic behaviors of zebrafish...

Purpose At present, clinicians typically prescribe antidepressants based on the widely accepted "serotonin hypothesis." This study explores an alternative mechanism, the stress mechanism, for selecting antidepressants based on patients' medical history. Methods This study investigated clinicians' prescribing patterns for the 15 most common antidepressants, including amitriptyline, bupropion, citalopram, desvenlafaxine, doxepin, duloxetine, escitalopram, fluoxetine, mirtazapine, nortriptyline, paroxetine, ropinirole, sertraline, trazodone, and Venlafaxine...

INTRODUCTION: Tremor is often perceived as severely disabling by patients with idiopathic Parkinson's disease (iPD) and yet ranges among the most difficult symptoms to treat. To date, no comprehensive analysis of non-lesional therapies to manage tremor in iPD exists to base recommendations upon. We therefore present a systematic literature review and meta-analysis assessing the efficacy/effectiveness and safety of non-lesional treatments for tremor in iPD. METHODS: Three electronic databases were searched using a combination of title/abstract keywords complemented by hand-searching of reference lists...

Patients with Parkinson's disease are often at risk of polypharmacy, which can lead to serious medication side effects and interactions. Serotonin syndrome (SS) can develop in this patient population due to a possible drug-drug interaction between antidepressants and antiparkinson drugs with serotoninergic activity. On the other hand, these patients are also at risk of malignant syndrome (MS) secondary to dopaminergic medication withdrawal. In this case report, we present a 71-year-old female with Parkinson's disease who developed symptoms suggestive of SS...

OBJECTIVE: Assess efficacy of ropinirole versus apomorphine in inducing vomiting in dogs. ANIMALS: 279 client-owned dogs with known or suspected ingestion of a foreign material (n = 129) or toxin (150) between August 2021 and February 2022. PROCEDURES: In this non-randomized non-controlled clinical trial, ropinirole topical ophthalmic solution was applied to dogs' eyes, with a target dose of 3.75 mg/m2. A second dose was administered after 15 minutes based on clinician discretion...

BACKGROUND: Persistent genital arousal disorder (PGAD) is characterized by elevated discomfort associated with persistent genital arousal in the absence of sexual desire. AIM: To perform a scoping review of the proposed treatments for PGAD and their efficacy. METHODS: A scoping review was carried out (PRISMA-Scr) that included articles on PGAD as the main disorder, only in women, which explained, in detail, the treatment and its efficacy, was empirical, was written in English and Spanish...

OBJECTIVES: The objective of this review is to provide updated information on the epidemiology, correlating factors and treatment of chronic kidney disease associated restless legs syndrome (CKD-A-RLS) in both adult and pediatric population. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We have reviewed the Medline search and Google Scholar search up to May 2022, using key words restless legs syndrome, chronic kidney disease and hemodialysis and kidney transplant. The reviewed articles were studied for epidemiology, correlating factors, as well as pharmacologic and non-pharmacologic treatment options...

With L-DOPA, dopamine agonists such as pramipexole, ropinirole and rotigotine constitute key therapeutic options for the management of motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease. These compounds exert their beneficial effect on motor behaviours by activating dopamine D2 -class receptors and thereby compensating for the declining dopaminergic transmission in the dorsal striatum. Despite a strong similarity in their mechanism of action, these three dopamine agonists present distinct clinical profiles, putatively underpinned by differences in their pharmacological properties...

BACKGROUND: There are several well-known treatments for Restless Legs Syndrome (RLS), including dopamine agonists (pramipexole, ropinirole, rotigotine), anticonvulsants (gabapentin and its analogs, pregabalin), oral or intravenous iron, opioids and benzodiazepines. However, in clinical practice, treatment is sometimes limited due to incomplete response or side effects and it is necessary to be aware of other treatment options for RLS, which is the purpose of this review. METHODS: We performed a narrative review detailing all of the lesser known pharmacological treatment literature on RLS...

BACKGROUND: Cannabidiol (CBD) extracted from the cannabis plant is believed to have a medicinal value due to its neuroprotective effect via anti-inflammatory and antioxidant action. Recent behavioral studies in rats have reported that CBD mediates serotonin (5-HT1A) receptor action to improve motor dysfunction induced by dopamine (D2) receptor blockade. In particular, its effect on D2 receptor blockade in the striatum is an important function associated with neurological disorders resulting from various extrapyramidal motor dysfunctions...

A 45-year-old man developed parkinsonism 3 weeks after being diagnosed with mild COVID-19. Levodopa and benserazide failed to improve his symptoms, necessitating ropinirole, and steroid treatment, which included a 5-day course of methylprednisolone followed by a 3-month oral prednisolone taper. One month after initiating steroid treatment, his symptoms improved significantly.

STUDY OBJECTIVES: Periodic limb movements during sleep (PLMS) are a frequent finding in restless legs syndrome, but their impact on sleep is still debated, as well the indication for treatment. We systematically reviewed the available literature to describe which drug categories are effective in suppressing PLMS, assessing their efficacy through a meta-analysis, when this was possible. METHODS: The review protocol was preregistered on PROSPERO (CRD42021175848), and the systematic search was conducted on and EMBASE (last searched on March 2020)...