"Propensity score"

BACKGROUND: Pneumonia has a high incidence in traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients and lacks effective treatments. Early mobilization (EM) may be a potentially effective treatment. AIM: To explore the impact of EM on TBI-related pneumonia in the neurosurgical intensive care unit (NICU). METHOD: This study was a historical control study. 100 TBI patients who received EM intervention were prospectively included as the experimental group (EM cohort), and 250 TBI patients were retrospectively included as the control group...

RATIONALE: With the accelerating process of population aging, the comorbidity of chronic disease (CCD) has become a major public health problem that threatens the health of older adults. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to assess whether CCD is associated with basic activities of daily living (BADL) and explore the factors influencing BADL in older adults. METHOD: A cross-sectional community health survey with stratified random sampling among older residents (≥60 years old) was conducted in 2022...

Immunotherapy for the systemic treatment of cancer offers new treatment possibilities for advanced malignancies. Despite promising initial results, evidence on efficacy of immunotherapy for colon cancer is lacking. Thus, we aimed to assess short-term and long-term outcomes of immunotherapy in patients with advanced colon cancer. A US National Cancer Database was searched for patients with stage III-IV colonic adenocarcinoma between 2010 and 2019. Propensity score matching was used to classify the cohort into 2 groups: patients who received immunotherapy and controls...

OBJECTIVES: This retrospective study was conducted to evaluate the impact of saphenous vein(SV) harvesting with versus without perivascular tissue on the 5-year angiographic patency in coronary artery bypass grafting(CABG). METHODS: Among the 944 patients who received CABG between 2010 and 2015, 579 patients who received off-pump CABG using one SV as a Y-composite graft based on the in-situ left internal thoracic artery were enrolled. SV harvesting was performed using no-touch technique without perivascular tissue(the NoPVT group) in 342 patients and with perivascular tissue(the PVT group) in 237 patients...

STUDY DESIGN: A retrospective study. OBJECTIVE: To compare the accuracy of cervical pedicle screw (CPS) placement using a robotic guidance system (RGS) with that of using an image guidance system (IGS; navigation system) through propensity score matching. BACKGROUND: The RGS may provide accurate CPS placement, which may outperform IGS. However, no study has directly compared the accuracy of CPS placement with the RGS to that with the IGS. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the data of patients who had undergone cervical fusion surgery using CPS with the RGS or IGS...

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate preoperative (pre-op) radiographic characteristics and specific surgical interventions in patients with degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis (DLS) who underwent lumbar fusion surgery (LFS), with a focus on analyzing predictors of postoperative restoration of segmental lumbar lordosis (SLL). METHODS: A retrospective review at a single center identified consecutive single-level DLS patients who underwent LFS between 2016 and 2022...

BACKGROUND: As total ankle arthroplasty (TAA) increases in popularity nationwide for the management of end-stage arthritis, it is essential to understand ways to mitigate the risk of infection. Diabetes increases the risk of infection due to compromised immunity and impaired wound-healing mechanisms. However, there is limited research on how diabetic management, inclusive of medications and glucose control, may impact infection risks post-TAA. This study aims to demonstrate the impact of diabetic management on the occurrence of periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) following TAA...

BACKGROUND: Although bronchiectasis is reported to be associated with cardiovascular disease, evidence for an association with cardiovascular events (CVEs) is lacking. METHODS: A territory-wide retrospective cohort study was conducted in Hong Kong involving all patients who had bronchiectasis diagnosed in public hospitals and clinics between 1 January 1993 and 31 December 2017 were included. Patients were allocated to be exacerbator or non-exacerbator group based on hospitalzied bronchiecsis history and CVEs over the next 5 years determined...

PURPOSE: To examine the effects of GLP-1 agonists compared to SGLT-2 inhibitors on diabetic retinopathy. DESIGN: Retrospective clinical cohort study using TriNetX (Cambridge, MA, USA), a federated electronic health records network comprising multiple healthcare organizations. METHODS: Patients with an International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision (ICD-10) code of non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy and monotherapy treatment, excluding insulin, with GLP-1 agonists or SGLT-2 inhibitors...

Patients with small aortic annuli (SAA) pose a challenge in aortic valve replacement patients due to potential for prosthesis-patient mismatch (PPM). The objective of this study was to compare clinical and hemodynamic outcomes of self-expandable valves (SEV) versus balloon-expandable valves (BEV) transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) in patients with severe aortic stenosis and SAA. All patients who underwent TAVI for severe native aortic stenosis with a SAA between January 2018 and December 2022 were retrospectively included in the study from a single center...

INTRODUCTION: Inadvertent thoracic duct injury is common during esophagectomy and may result in postoperative chylothorax. This study's objective is to investigate utility of patent-blue injection as a modality for intraoperative thoracic duct visualization. METHODS: A prospective, single-arm, interventional study of patients undergoing minimally invasive esophagectomy was performed. Patients were injected with patent-blue dye into both groins prior to thoracic stage of surgery and assessed for duct visualization...

BACKGROUND: Cone beam CT based Navigation Bronchoscopy (CBCT-NB) has predominantly been investigated as a diagnostic tool in (suspected) primary lung cancers. Small metastatic lesions are clinically considered more challenging to diagnose, but no study has explored the yield of navigation bronchoscopy in patients with pulmonary metastatic lesions (ML) compared to primary lung cancers (PL), correcting for known lesion characteristics affecting diagnostic yield. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This is a single-center, retrospective, propensity score-matched case-control study...

Today, population aging is the main trend of population development. Home-based care is mainly adopted in Chinese society, and scholars have paid ample attention to the effect of intergenerational support on the mental health of older people. However, research conclusions differ. This study uses data from the 2018 China Health and Pension Tracking Survey (CHARLS), which we analyzed with STATA software to construct least squares regression and two-stage least squares regression models. The regression model included 6,647 respondents to investigate the mental health status of older people based on depression status...

OBJECTIVE: Loss of control (LOC) eating (feeling unable to control food type/amount eaten) during pregnancy is common and linked to risk for poor cardiovascular health (CVH), but it is unclear whether prenatal LOC eating directly relates to CVH during pregnancy. The current study tested associations between prenatal LOC eating and CVH during pregnancy in a sample with prepregnancy body mass index (BMI) ≥ 25. METHOD: At 12-20 weeks' gestation, participants ( N = 124) self-reported: prenatal LOC eating, diet, physical activity, nicotine use, sleep; height/weight were measured...

PURPOSE: In patients with clinically lymph node-negative (cN0) breast cancer, performing sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) has been preferentially embraced in comparison to before NACT. However, survival outcomes associated with both strategies remain understudied. We aimed to compare the axillary lymphadenectomy (ALND) rate, disease-free survival (DFS), and overall survival (OS), between two strategies. METHODS: We included 310 patients in a retrospective observational study...

PURPOSE: Given that left upper lobe and right upper and middle lobes share a similar anatomy, segmentectomy, such as upper division and lingulectomy, should yield identical oncological clearance to left upper lobectomy. We compared the prognosis of segmentectomy with that of lobectomy for early stage non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in the left upper lobe. METHODS: We retrospectively examined 2115 patients who underwent segmentectomy or lobectomy for c-stage I (TNM 8th edition) NSCLC in the left upper lobe in 2010...

BACKGROUND: Preadolescents, who are in a transitional phase of development, may experience higher exposure to heterosexual interactions while facing higher risks regarding misinformation in sexual knowledge and unsafe engagement in sexual activities. There is a deficiency in the availability of qualified educators and age-appropriate teaching materials for sexuality education in China. METHODS: We implemented an animation-based comprehensive sexuality education package among preadolescents aged 9 to 12 years from eight schools in Anhui, China...

Purpose: Specialized pressure transducers for arterial pulse waveform analysis (S-APWA) devices are dedicated kits connected to an arterial pressure catheter that monitors hemodynamic parameters, such as cardiac output, pulse pressure variation, and stroke volume variation, less invasively. While the association between the use of S-APWA devices and clinical outcomes in perioperative patients has been previously evaluated, its assessment in patients with septic shock remains inadequate. Materials and Methods: This retrospective cohort study utilized a nationwide Diagnosis Procedure Combination database in Japan...

BACKGROUND: Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a rare life-threatening, hyperinflammatory syndrome for which etoposide-based regimens have historically been the standard of care. Recent reports have described positive outcomes with the utilization of ruxolitinib or anakinra although these studies are often limited to small samples. OBJECTIVES: We aimed to compare the efficacy of ruxolitinib, anakinra, and etoposide-based therapies for the management of HLH in adult patients...

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to compare the effectiveness and safety of the adjustable trans-obturator male system (ATOMS®) to treat post-prostatectomy incontinence (PPI) in radiated patients compared with non-radiated patients, using propensity score-matching analysis to enhance the validity of the comparison. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Consecutive men with PPI treated with silicone-covered scrotal port ATOMS (A.M.I., Feldkirch, Austria) in nine different institutions between 2016 and 2022 were included...