lumbosacral

BACKGROUND: Chronic urinary retention (CUR) resulting from lower motor neuron lesions (LMNL) is a medical condition secondary to pelvic or lumbosacral tumor resection surgeries. Electroacupuncture (EA) is proved to be effective and safe in treating certain lower urinary tract disorders. However, the clinical benefit and optimal duration of EA treatment for CUR following LMNL remain unknown. METHODS: Using a retrospective cohort design, 20 eligible patients diagnosed with CUR resulting from LMNL secondary to pelvic or lumbosacral tumor resection surgeries were included from March 1, 2017, to June 30, 2020...

INTRODUCTION: Wide Surgery is the reference treatment for malignant and aggressive benign primary bone tumors in the spine. When located in the lumbar spine, En-Bloc Spondylectomy (EBS) remains a complex challenge. Moreover, surgery is complicated by the presence of the diaphragm in the thoracolumbar junction and the hinderance of the iliac wings at the lumbosacral levels. Therefore, EBS in the lumbar spine frequently requires combined approaches. The purpose of this study is to describe clinical presentation, tumor characteristics and results of a series of 47 consecutive patients affected by malignant primary bone tumors of the lumbar spine who underwent EBS...

The deep tendon reflex (DTR) is a more objective indicator than sensory and muscle assessments for lumbar spine disorders. Further, unlike sensory and muscle assessments that require patient cooperation, the DTR can be assessed even in patients with impaired consciousness or cognition. Therefore, DTR assessment with a hammer is an essential neurological test for lumbar spinal diseases. However, despite the usefulness of DTR assessment, few reports have described the significance of increased, diminished, or absent deep lower extremity reflexes in lumbar spine diseases...

The evolution of the hominoid lineage is characterized by pervasive homoplasy, notably in regions such as the vertebral column, which plays a central role in body support and locomotion. Few isolated and fewer associated vertebrae are known for most fossil hominoid taxa, but identified specimens indicate potentially high levels of convergence in terms of both form and number. Homoplasy thus complicates attempts to identify the anatomy of the last common ancestor of hominins and other taxa and stymies reconstructions of evolutionary scenarios...

Schwannomatosis is a rare autosomal dominant hereditary syndrome disease characterized by multiple schwannomas throughout the body, without bilateral vestibular schwannoma or dermal schwannoma. The most common location of schwannomatosis is the head and neck, as well as the limbs, while multiple schwannomas in the lumbosacral canal and lower extremities are relatively rare. In this study, we report a 79-year-old woman diagnosed with schwannomatosis. MRI and contrast-enhanced imaging revealed multiple schwannomas in both lower extremities...

BACKGROUND: Physiatrists are facing with survivors from disasters in both the acute and chronic phases of muscle and nerve injuries. Similar to many other clinical conditions, neuromusculoskeletal ultrasound can play a key role in the management of such cases (with various muscle/nerve injuries) as well. Accordingly, in this article, a recent single-center experience after the Turkey-Syria earthquake will be rendered. METHODS: Ultrasound examinations were performed for various nerve/muscle lesions in 52 earthquake victims referred from different cities...

Although studies of the sacral corridor dimension have been reported in the European population, little attention has been paid to this issue in the Asian population. The purpose of the study is to estimate the safe dimension of the corridor to avoid neurovascular damage during the fixation of the sacral fracture. The study aimed to examine the cephalocaudal (vertical) and the anteroposterior diameter of the bony passage in the upper three sacral segments. The study further examines the effect of age and sex on corridor dimensions at different sacral levels...

BACKGROUND: Lumbosacral radicular syndrome (LRS) is probably the most frequent neuropathic pain syndrome, exaggerating medical and economy burden on developing countries, such as Vietnam. As a result, the urgence to find an approach which is both affordable and effective always puts great demand on medical researchers. OBJECTIVES: Evaluate the effectiveness of transforaminal pulsed radiofrequency (PRF) stimulation on the dorsal root ganglion (DRG) and epidural steroid injection (ESI) in management of chronic lumbosacral radiculopathy...

Lumbar paraspinal compartment syndrome (LPCS) is a rare diagnosis, seen in patients chronically after repeated lumbar trauma or acutely in a postoperative setting. Only a dozen cases are documented worldwide, and to date no clinical guidelines exist for the diagnosis nor the treatment.We describe the case of a 44-year-old man with excruciating lower back pain following a radical cystectomy. The postoperative laboratory values were compatible with acute rhabdomyolysis. The lumbar spine MRI showed necrosis of lumbosacral paraspinal muscles, making the diagnosis of acute LPCS...

OBJECTIVE: Functional MRI (fMRI) can be employed to assess neuronal activity in the central nervous system. However, investigating the spinal cord using fMRI poses several technical difficulties. Enhancing the fMRI signal intensity in the spinal cord can improve the visualization and analysis of different neural pathways, particularly those involved in bladder function. The bulbocavernosus reflex (BCR) is an excellent method for evaluating the integrity of the sacral spinal cord. Instead of stimulating the glans penis or clitoris, the BCR can be simulated comfortably by tapping the suprapubic region...

BACKGROUND: Biportal endoscopic spine surgery is an effective minimally invasive technique for treating common lumbar pathologies. We aim to evaluate the impact of intraoperative tranexamic acid (TXA) use on postoperative blood loss in biportal endoscopic decompression surgery. METHODS: Patients undergoing biportal endoscopic lumbar discectomies and decompressions either by same day surgery or overnight stay at a single institution beginning in October 2021 were prospectively enrolled...

BACKGROUND: The most commonly used cages for intervertebral disc replacement in lumbar fusion procedures are made predominantly from polyetheretherketone (PEEK). There is sufficient data studying their subsidence and failure rates from a variety of approaches. A novel implant is now available for commercial use, 3D-printed porous titanium (3DppTi) alloy cages, which have recently become available for use in spinal procedures. They have been shown in ovine models to have superior efficacy and fusion rates compared to traditional cages...

A 63-year-old man with type 2 diabetes mellitus, alcohol consumption in moderation, and three episodes of hepatic encephalopathy presented with symmetrical lower limb distal weakness, sensory ataxia, thickened palpable nerves, mood disturbances for seven years, and a family history of schizophreniform disorders. Nerve conduction studies showed demyelinating sensorimotor polyradiculoneuropathy. CSF analysis showed mild albumino-cytological dissociation. MRI brain and lumbosacral plexus showed thickened fifth cranial nerves and lumbosacral roots...

INTRODUCTION: Extraforaminal stenosis in L5-S1, or far-out syndrome (FOS), is defined as L5 nerve compression by the transverse process (TP) of the L5 and the ala of the sacrum and disc bulging with/without osteophytes and/or the thickened lumbosacral and extraforaminal ligament. This study aims to describe the unilateral biportal endoscopic decompression technique of the extraforaminal stenosis at L5-S1 or far out syndrome and evaluate its clinical results with a literature review. CASE REPORT: A 44-year-old male presented with severe right sharp shooting pain in the buttock, thigh, leg, foot, and/or toes with numbness in the foot and toes (Visual Analog Scale [VAS] 8/10) for six months with an Oswestry disability index (ODI) score of 70%...

BACKGROUND This study of 60 patients with low back pain (LBP) aimed to compare outcomes following magnetotherapy, ultrasound therapy, laser therapy, and electrotherapy, with and without lumbosacral kinesiotherapy, and used the Roland-Morris Disability Questionnaire (RMDQ) and the Oswestry Low Back Pain Disability Questionnaire (OLBPDQ). This was a randomized actively controlled intervention trial of adding kinesiotherapy to a standard physiotherapy for LBP. MATERIAL AND METHODS The research included 60 participants with a diagnosis of chronic non-specific lumbar pain syndrome (CNSLPS) (mean±SD age 58...

Sacroiliac dysfunction (SID) is a condition seen in horses associated with poor performance that affects hind limb gait and impulsion. The condition comprises pain and dysfunction but there lacks clarity around the aetiopathogenesis and whether SID encompasses abnormal joint pathology, abnormal joint movement, abnormal regional biomechanical function, joint laxity and pain, or various combinations of these that may vary over time. Clinical assessment remains challenging for equine clinicians due to the deep location of the sacroiliac joint (SIJ) and surrounding structures which limits access for palpation, diagnostic imaging and joint-specific injection...

BACKGROUND: Ependymomas (EPNs) of the spinal region are a heterogeneous group of tumors that account for 17.6 % in adults. Four types have been recognized: subependymoma, spinal ependymoma (Sp-EPN), myxopapillary ependymoma (MPE), and Sp-EPN-MYCN amplified, each with distinct histopathological and molecular features. METHODS: This study investigated the clinical and pathological characteristics and MYCN expression levels of 35 Sp-EPN and MPE cases diagnosed at a tertiary university hospital over a decade-long period...

INTRODUCTION: Soldiers on the battlefield are affected by heavy body armor and excessive march load. It is well known, but the long-term effects of this extra weight on the musculoskeletal system of military veterans, specifically the lumbar spine, are unclear. In Iraq and Afghanistan, most body armors weighed over 33 pounds (15 kg). These armors were 3 times heavier than those used in Vietnam. Chiropractors at the Fargo VA Hospital are seeing more young veterans with non-traumatic lower back pain...

Pelvic fixation is commonly used in correcting pelvic obliquity in pediatric patients with neuromuscular scoliosis and in preserving stability in adult patients with lumbosacral spondylolisthesis or instances of traumatic or osteoporotic fracture. S2-alar-iliac screws are commonly used in this role and have been proposed to reduce implant prominence when compared to traditional pelvic fusion utilizing iliac screws. The aim of this technical note is to describe a technique for robotically navigated placement of S2-alar-iliac screws in pediatric patients with neuromuscular scoliosis, which (a) minimizes the significant exposure needed to identify a bony start point, (b) aids in instrumenting the irregular anatomy often found in patients with neuromuscular scoliosis, and (c) allows for greater precision than traditional open or fluoroscopic techniques...

PURPOSE: Transitional lumbosacral vertebrae (TLSV) are a congenital anomaly of the lumbosacral region that is characterized by the presence of a vertebra with morphological properties of both the lumbar and sacral vertebrae, with a prevalence of up to 36% in asymptomatic patients and 20% in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis patients. In patients with TLSV, because of these morphological changes and the different numbers of lumbar vertebrae, there are two optional reference sacral endplates that can be selected intently or inadvertently to measure the spinopelvic parameters: upper and lower endplates...