mieloma multiple

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Sarcopenia has been associated with chronic diseases and cancer. Aim of this study was to evaluate sarcopenia in Multiple Myeloma patients undergoing autologous stem cell trans-plantation. In 68 eligible patients' measurement of skeletal muscle area (cm2) on computed tomography scans at the level of the L3 vertebra (L3-SMI) was performed. 37(54%) patients were categorized as sarcopenic: 26 males with L3-SMI values < 52.4 cm2/m2, and 11 women with L3-SMI values < 38.9 cm2/m2. The majority of sarcopenic patients included were older than 60 years (69%, p=0...

BACKGROUND: Clarkson's disease is a very rare entity characterised by acute episodes of systemic oedema and severe hypotension associated with paraproteinaemia. Its classical treatment relies on methylxanthine combined with terbutaline. Although this prophylactic therapy reduces the mortality rate, relapses are frequent. Eighty percent of patients with Clarkson's disease present with monoclonal gammopathy of unknown significance (MGUS). The risk of progression to multiple myeloma is 1% per year...

Patients with multiple myeloma who present with refractory disease or relapse after receiving the main classes of available drugs -immunomodulators, proteasome inhibitors and antibodies against CD38- do not have satisfactory therapeutic alternatives. New treatments based on the redirection of T lymphocytes to act directly against tumor cells, such as bispecific antibodies and T cells with chimeric antigen receptors, are changing this scenario. The published information confirms unprecedented antitumor activity of these agents in patients with refractory myeloma and they will certainly represent the backbone of the treatment of these patients in the immediate future...

PURPOSE: Multiple myeloma (MM) is a highly heterogeneous, incurable disease most frequently diagnosed in the elderly. Therefore, data on clinical characteristics and outcomes in the very young population are scarce. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We analyzed clinical characteristics, response to treatment, and survival in 103 patients with newly diagnosed MM age 40 years or younger compared with 256 patients age 41-50 years and 957 patients age 51 years or older. RESULTS: There were no statistical differences in sex, isotype, International Scoring System, renal involvement, hypercalcemia, anemia, dialysis, bony lesions, extramedullary disease, and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH)...

Tumor recognition by T cells is essential for antitumor immunity. A comprehensive characterization of T cell diversity may be key to understanding the success of immunomodulatory drugs and failure of PD-1 blockade in tumors such as multiple myeloma (MM). Here, we use single-cell RNA and T cell receptor sequencing to characterize bone marrow T cells from healthy adults (n = 4) and patients with precursor (n = 8) and full-blown MM (n = 10). Large T cell clones from patients with MM expressed multiple immune checkpoints, suggesting a potentially dysfunctional phenotype...

INTRODUCTION: This study evaluated outcomes and risk factors for COVID-19 in 91 Brazilian multiple myeloma (MM) patients between April 2020 and January 2022. RESULTS: Of the 91 MM patients diagnosed with COVID-19, 64% had comorbidities and 66% required hospitalization due to COVID-19, with 44% needing ventilatory support and 37% intensive care. Age (OR 2.02; 95%CI 1.02 - 7.7) and hypertension OR 4.5; 95%CI 1.3 - 15.5) were independently associated with hospitalization and certain MM therapies (corticosteroids and monoclonal drugs) were associated with ventilatory support (OR 4...

The treatment of multiple myeloma has profoundly changed with the introduction of several innovative therapies. The optimization of therapeutic sequencing through the combined use of the various drugs developed in recent years and the attention given to the characteristics of patients have allowed the reduction of toxicities and increased survival and quality of life of patients with multiple myeloma. These treatment recommendations from the Portuguese Multiple Myeloma Group offer guidance for first-line treatment and progression/relapse situations...

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to determine the power of the SUVmax value obtained from 18 F-FDG PET/CT in multiple myeloma (MM) patients to be able to predict immunophenotype characteristics (CD20, CD44, CD56, CD117, CD138 antigen expressions), bone marrow fibrosis, cyclin D1 oncogene, and M-protein subtypes which play a role in diagnosis-treatment and prognosis of the disease. MATERIAL AND METHOD: The study included 54 patients with multiple myeloma who underwent PET/CT for initial staging and bone marrow biopsy...

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Multiple myeloma is a monoclonal gammopathy, a clonal proliferative disorder of plasma cells that produces a protein called M or myeloma protein in the bone marrow, usually IgG or IgA. It accounts for 1% in the general cancer statistics and represents 10% of all hematologic tumours, with a cumulative incidence in Spain of about 5/100,000/year. The incidence increases with age, so that 50% of cases are diagnosed in patients over 75 years of age, being infrequent in the population under 40 years of age. This publication details the indications of FDG PET/CT for the staging and response assessment in patients with MM, accepted by the international working group on myeloma, as well as new molecular imaging radiopharmaceuticals with potential value for personalised medicine...

Primary plasma cell leukemia (pPCL) is an infrequent and aggressive plasma cell disorder. The prognosis is still very poor, and the optimal treatment remains to be established. A retrospective, multicentric, international observational study was performed. Patients from 9 countries of Latin America (LATAM) with a diagnosis of pPCL between 2012 and 2020 were included. 72 patients were included. Treatment was based on thalidomide in 15%, proteasome inhibitors (PI)-based triplets in 38% and chemotherapy plus IMIDs and/or PI in 29%...

BACKGROUND: The incorporation of novel drugs, such as proteasome inhibitors and immunomodulators, improved considerably the survival of patients with multiple myeloma. AIM: To evaluate the effect on survival of proteasome inhibitors and immunomodulators in patients with multiple myeloma in two national hospitals. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Review of clinical records from two hospitals of Santiago. Epidemiological, clinical, laboratory and therapeutic data was obtained from 144 patients with multiple myeloma diagnosed between 2002 and 2016...

BACKGROUND: 18F-fluorodesoxyglucose positron emission tomography/ computed tomography (PET-CT) has a high sensitivity and specificity to detect medullary and extramedullary lesions in multiple myeloma (MM). AIM: To describe the findings of PET-CT in extramedullary multiple myeloma (EMM) at diagnosis and at relapse, and correlate its results with clinical variables, response to treatment and survival. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Review of medical records and PET-CT reports of 39 patients with multiple myeloma (MM) who had at least one PET-CT study, treated between January 1, 2015, and January 1, 2019 at a clinical hospital...

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Introduction: Chagas disease is an endemic parasitic infection in Latin America transmitted by triatomines. It is associated with risk factors such as poverty and rurality. After acute infection, a third of patients will present target organ involvement (heart, digestive tract, central nervous system). The remaining two thirds remain asymptomatic throughout their life. Pharmacological immunosuppression breaks the balance between the immune system and the parasite, favoring its reactivation. Clinical case: We present the case of a 58-year-old man from a Colombian rural area with a diagnosis of multiple myeloma refractory to the first line of treatment who required a new chemotherapy scheme and consolidation with autologous stem cell transplant...

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INTRODUCTION: Daratumumab is an anti-CD38 agent that was first investigated as single agent in GEN501 and SIRIUS trials in patients with advanced multiple myeloma (MM). Overall response rate (ORR) was 30% with positive impact on progression-free survival (PFS). However, there is a lack of information regarding plasmacytoma response. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Here, we described a heavily pretreated group of 43 patients who received daratumumab monotherapy after EMA approval and focused on plasmacytoma response...

Infections remain a common complication in patients with multiple myeloma (MM) and are associated with morbidity and mortality. A risk score to predict the probability of early severe infection could help to identify the patients that would benefit from preventive measures. We undertook a post hoc analysis of infections in four clinical trials from the Spanish Myeloma Group, involving a total of 1347 patients (847 transplant candidates). Regarding the GEM2010 > 65 trial, antibiotic prophylaxis was mandatory, so we excluded it from the final analysis...

INTRODUCTION: The kidney is one of the organs most frequently affected by disease processes which produce monoclonal immunoglobins, therefore renal morphological and immunopathological alterations should be clearly recognized. OBJECTIVE: To describe the pathological features of renal involvement in monoclonal gammopathies. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A descriptive, retrospective and cross-sectional study of renal biopsies studied in a single center during a period of 14 years was carried out...