keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36162731/a-novel-ku70-mutant-human-leukemic-cell-line-generated-using-crispr-cas9-shows-increased-sensitivity-to-dsb-inducing-agents-and-reduced-nhej-activity
#21
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Dipayan Ghosh, Namrata Nilavar, Sathees C Raghavan
KU70 (XRCC6 gene in humans) is one of the proteins in the KU70-KU80 heterodimer which is the first component recruited to broken DNA ends during DNA double-strand break repair through nonhomologous end joining (NHEJ). Previous studies have shown that Ku70 deficient mouse cells are defective in NHEJ and V(D)J recombination. In contrast, heterozygous KU70 mutant human cell lines did not show any significant change in cell viability and sensitivity towards ionizing radiation. In this study, we have used CRISPR-Cas9 technique to generate a KU70 mutant (heterozygous) human pre-B leukemic cell line (N6-KU70-2-DG)...
September 23, 2022: Biochimica et Biophysica Acta. General Subjects
https://read.qxmd.com/read/35836822/suppression-of-long-noncoding-rna-snhg1-inhibits-the-development-of-hypopharyngeal-squamous-cell-carcinoma-via-increasing-parp6-expression
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Qian Chen, Xiao He, Bin Li, Jingjing Chen, Xuxia Tang
Purpose: This study aimed to explore the function and molecular mechanism of long noncoding RNA Small Nucleolar RNA Host Gene 1 (SNHG1) in the development of hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (HSCC). Methods: Human HSCC cell line FaDu was used in this study. Cell viability and apoptosis were detected using CCK-8 assay and flow cytometry, respectively. Cell migration and invasion were measured by Transwell assay. The expression of PARP6, XRCC6, β -catenin, and EMT-related proteins (E-cadherin and N-cadherin) were determined using western blotting...
2022: Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine: ECAM
https://read.qxmd.com/read/35805102/aldehyde-dehydrogenase-1b1-is-implicated-in-dna-damage-response-in-human-colorectal-adenocarcinoma
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ilias Tsochantaridis, Alexandros Kontopoulos, Georgia-Persephoni Voulgaridou, Margaritis Tsifintaris, Charisios Triantafyllou, Aglaia Pappa
Aldehyde dehydrogenase 1B1 (ALDH1B1) has been correlated with colorectal tumorigenesis and is considered a potential biomarker for colon cancer. Its expression has been associated with attenuation of the cell cycle in the G2/M phase and resistance to DNA damaging agents. The present study examines the role of ALDH1B1 in DNA damage response (DDR) in human colorectal adenocarcinoma. To this end, we utilized an isogenic HT29 cell line pair differing in the expression of ALDH1B1. The overexpression of ALDH1B1 was related to the translational upregulation of the total and phosphorylated (at ser15) p53...
June 24, 2022: Cells
https://read.qxmd.com/read/35758974/significance-of-the-wnt-canonical-pathway-in-radiotoxicity-via-oxidative-stress-of-electron-beam-radiation-and-its-molecular-control-in-mice
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Shashank Kumar, Eram Fathima, Farhath Khanum, Suttur S Malini
PURPOSE: Radiation triggers cell death events through signaling proteins, but the combined mechanism of these events is unexplored The Wnt canonical pathway, on the other hand, is essential for cell regeneration and cell fate determination. AIM: The relationship between the Wnt pathway's response to radiation and its role in radiotoxicity is overlooked, even though it is a critical molecular control of the cell. The Wnt pathway has been predicted to have radioprotective properties in some reports, but the overall mechanism is unknown...
July 18, 2022: International Journal of Radiation Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/35739694/genotoxic-effects-of-chlorinated-disinfection-by-products-of-1-3-diphenylguanidine-dpg-cell-based-in-vitro-testing-and-formation-potential-during-water-disinfection
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mauricius Marques Dos Santos, Camille Cheriaux, Shenglan Jia, Mikael Thomas, Hervé Gallard, Jean-Philippe Croué, Pascal Carato, Shane Allen Snyder
1,3-diphenylguanidine (DPG) is a commonly used rubber and polymer additive, that has been found to be one of the main leachate products of tire wear particles and from HDPE pipes. Its introduction to aquatic environments and potentially water supplies lead to further questions regarding the effects of disinfection by-products potentially formed. Using different bioassay approaches and NGS RNA-sequencing, we show that some of the chlorinated by-products of DPG exert significant toxicity. DPG and its chlorinated by-products also can alter cell bioenergetic processes, affecting cellular basal respiration rates and ATP production, moreover, DPG and its two chlorination products, 1,3-bis-(4-chlorophenyl)guanidine (CC04) and 1-(4-chlorophenyl)-3-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)guanidine (CC11), have an impact on mitochondrial proton leak, which is an indicator of mitochondria damage...
August 15, 2022: Journal of Hazardous Materials
https://read.qxmd.com/read/35712081/nrbf2-regulates-the-chemoresistance-of-small-cell-lung-cancer-by-interacting-with-the-p62-protein-in-the-autophagy-process
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Weitao Shen, Peng Luo, Yueqin Sun, Wei Zhang, Ningning Zhou, Hongrui Zhan, Qingxi Zhang, Jie Shen, Anqi Lin, Quan Cheng, Qiongyao Wang, Jian Zhang, Hai-Hong Wang, Ting Wei
Reversing chemotherapy resistance in small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is crucial to improve patient prognosis. The present study aims to investigate the underlying mechanisms in SCLC chemoresistance. We see that nuclear receptor binding factor 2 (NRBF2) is a poor prognostic factor in SCLC. The effects of NRBF2 on chemoresistance were determined in SCLC. The underlying molecular mechanisms of NRBF2 in the autophagy process in SCLC were examined. NRBF2 positively regulated autophagy, leading to drug resistance in SCLC...
June 17, 2022: IScience
https://read.qxmd.com/read/35666151/itraq-based-quantitative-proteomics-reveals-biomarkers-pathways-in-psoriasis-that-can-predict-the-efficacy-of-methotrexate
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
K X Yan, Q Meng, H He, H W Zhu, Z C Wang, L Han, Q Huang, Z H Zhang, N Yawalkar, H Zhou, J X Xu
BACKGROUND: Methotrexate (MTX) is the first-line medicine to treat psoriasis. So far, there has been less research on protein biomarkers to predict its efficacy by the proteomic technique. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate differentially expressed proteins in peripheral mononuclear cells (PBMCs) between good responders (GRs) and non-responders (NRs) after MTX treatment, compared with normal controls (NCs). METHODS: We quantified protein expression of PBMCs with four GRs and four NRs to MTX and four NCs by isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification (iTRAQ), analysing and identifying proteins related to efficacy of MTX in 18 psoriatic patients...
October 2022: Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology: JEADV
https://read.qxmd.com/read/35581289/a-novel-atg5-interaction-with-ku70-potentiates-dna-repair-upon-genotoxic-stress
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sinem Demirbag-Sarikaya, Yunus Akkoc, Sıla Turgut, Secil Erbil-Bilir, Nur Mehpare Kocaturk, Joern Dengjel, Devrim Gozuacik
The maintenance of cellular homeostasis in living organisms requires a balance between anabolic and catabolic reactions. Macroautophagy (autophagy herein) is determined as one of the major catabolic reactions. Autophagy is an evolutionarily conserved stress response pathway that is activated by various insults including DNA damage. All sorts of damage to DNA potentially cause loss of genetic information and trigger genomic instability. Most of these lesions are repaired by the activation of DNA damage response following DNA repair mechanisms...
May 17, 2022: Scientific Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/35560180/the-hyper-expression-of-nlrp4-characterizes-the-occurrence-of-macrophage-activation-syndrome-assessing-sting-pathway-in-adult-onset-still-s-disease
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Piero Ruscitti, Onorina Berardicurti, Ilenia Di Cola, Claudia Di Muzio, Elena Di Nino, Roberto Giacomelli, Paola Cipriani
To assess stimulator of interferon genes (STING) pathway in patients with adult-onset Still's disease (AOSD) who were complicated or not by macrophage activation syndrome (MAS), evaluating peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), and synovial tissues. The relative mRNA expression of key molecules of the STING pathway (i.e. CGAS, NLRP4, PKDC, STING1, XRCC5, and XRCC6) and interferon (IFN)-γ was assessed in PBMCs obtained from patients with AOSD, who were complicated or not by MAS, and healthy controls (HCs)...
May 13, 2022: Clinical and Experimental Immunology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/35506448/-arthrospira-spirulina-platensis-feeding-reduces-the-early-stage-of-chemically-induced-rat-colon-carcinogenesis
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Simone Oliveira Amadeu, Luis Manuel Sarmiento-Machado, Ariane Rocha Bartolomeu, María Angel García Chaves, Guilherme Ribeiro Romualdo, Nelci Antunes de Moura, Luis Fernando Barbisan
Colorectal cancer is the third most diagnosed cancer worldwide and linked to dietary/lifestyle factors. Arthrospira (Spirulina) platensis (AP) contains bioactive compounds with beneficial effects in vivo/in vitro. We evaluated the effects of AP feeding against 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH)-induced colon carcinogenesis. Male Sprague Dawley rats were given subcutaneous injections of DMH (4 × 40 mg/kg body weight) (G1-G3) or vehicle (G4-G5) twice a week (weeks 3-4). During weeks 1-4, animals were fed a diet containing 1 % (G2) or 2 % (G3-G4) AP powder (w/w)...
May 4, 2022: British Journal of Nutrition
https://read.qxmd.com/read/35467709/the-hyper-expression-of-nlrp4-characterizes-the-occurrence-of-macrophage-activation-syndrome-assessing-sting-pathway-in-adult-onset-still-s-disease
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Piero Ruscitti, Onorina Berardicurti, Ilenia Di Cola, Claudia Di Muzio, Elena Di Nino, Roberto Giacomelli, Paola Cipriani
To assess stimulator of interferon genes (STING) pathway in patients with adult-onset Still's disease (AOSD) who were complicated or not by macrophage activation syndrome (MAS), evaluating peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), and synovial tissues. The relative mRNA expression of key molecules of the STING pathway (i.e. CGAS, NLRP4, PKDC, STING1, XRCC5, and XRCC6) and interferon (IFN)-γ was assessed in PBMCs obtained from patients with AOSD, who were complicated or not by MAS, and healthy controls (HCs)...
February 2, 2022: Clinical and Experimental Immunology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/35458485/proteomic-analysis-of-vero-cells-infected-with-pseudorabies-virus
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xintan Yang, Shengkui Xu, Dengjin Chen, Ruijiao Jiang, Haoran Kang, Xinna Ge, Lei Zhou, Jun Han, Yongning Zhang, Xin Guo, Hanchun Yang
Suid herpesvirus 1 (SuHV-1), known as pseudorabies virus (PRV), is one of the most devastating swine pathogens in China, particularly the sudden occurrence of PRV variants in 2011. The higher pathogenicity and cross-species transmission potential of the newly emerged variants caused not only colossal economic losses, but also threatened public health. To uncover the underlying pathogenesis of PRV variants, Tandem Mass Tag (TMT)-based proteomic analysis was performed to quantitatively screen the differentially expressed cellular proteins in PRV-infected Vero cells...
April 4, 2022: Viruses
https://read.qxmd.com/read/35116299/the-roles-of-risk-model-based-on-the-3-xrcc-genes-in-lung-adenocarcinoma-progression
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Qun-Xian Zhang, Ye Yang, Heng Yang, Qiang Guo, Jia-Long Guo, Hua-Song Liu, Jun Zhang, Dan Li
Background: The abnormal expression of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) repair genes might be the cause of tumor development and resistance of malignant cells to chemotherapeutic drugs. A risk model based on the X-ray repair of cross-complementary ( XRCC ) genes was constructed to improve the diagnosis and treatment of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) patients. Methods: The expression levels, diagnostic values, and prognostic values of XRCC genes were identified, and the roles and regulatory mechanisms of the risk model based on the XRCC 4/5/6 in LUAD progression was explored via The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Oncomine databases...
October 2021: Translational Cancer Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/34953085/restoration-of-dna-repair-mitigates-genome-instability-and-increases-productivity-of-chinese-hamster-ovary-cells
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Philipp N Spahn, Xiaolin Zhang, Qing Hu, Huiming Lu, Nathaniel K Hamaker, Hooman Hefzi, Shangzhong Li, Chih-Chung Kuo, Yingxiang Huang, Jamie C Lee, Anthony J Davis, Peter Ly, Kelvin H Lee, Nathan E Lewis
Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO) cells are the primary host for manufacturing of therapeutic proteins. However, productivity loss is a major problem and is associated with genome instability, as chromosomal aberrations reduce transgene copy number and decrease protein expression. We analyzed whole-genome sequencing data from 11 CHO cell lines and found deleterious single-nucleotide variants in DNA repair genes. Comparison with primary Chinese hamster cells confirmed DNA repair to be compromised in CHO. Correction of key DNA repair genes by SNV reversal or expression of intact cDNAs successfully improved DNA repair and mitigated karyotypic instability...
December 25, 2021: Biotechnology and Bioengineering
https://read.qxmd.com/read/34852960/dna-repair-proteins-cooperate-with-sox2-in-regulating-the-transition-of-human-embryonic-stem-cells-to-neural-progenitor-cells
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Wenjie Chen, Xinyu Chen, Xiaobing Zhang, Cheng Chen, Songsong Dan, Jianwen Hu, Bo Kang, Ying-Jie Wang
SOX2, a well-established pluripotency factor supporting the self-renewal of pluripotent stem cells (PSCs), is also a crucial factor for maintaining the properties and functionalities of neural progenitor cells (NPCs). It regulates the transcription of target genes by forming complexes with its partner factors, but systematic comparison of SOX2 binding partners in human PSCs versus NPCs is lacking. Here, by deciphering and comparing the SOX2-protein interactomes in human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) versus the NPCs derived from them, we identified 23 proteins with high reproducibility that are most differentially associated with SOX2, of which 9 are DNA repair proteins (PARP1, PARP2, PRKDC, XRCC1, XRCC5, XRCC6, RPA1, LIG3, DDB1)...
November 23, 2021: Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications
https://read.qxmd.com/read/34849385/transcriptome-dataset-of-hek293t-cells-depleted-of-one-of-the-subunits-of-the-dna-pk-complex-ku70-ku80-or-dna-pkcs
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Andrey Anisenko, Olga Shadrina, Irina Garanina, Marina Gottikh
DNA-PK is a heterotrimeric complex that consists of Ku70 (XRCC6), Ku80 (XRCC5) and DNA-PKcs (PRKDC) subunits. The complex is a major player in the repair of DNA double strand break (DSB) via the non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) pathway. This process requires all DNA-PK subunits, since Ku70/Ku80 heterodimer firstly binds to DNA ends at DSB and then recruits DNA-PKcs. Recruitment of the DNA-PKcs subunit to DSB leads to phosphorylation events near DSB and recruitment of other NHEJ-related proteins that restore DNA integrity...
December 2021: Data in Brief
https://read.qxmd.com/read/34772923/zinc-finger-protein-znf384-is-an-adaptor-of-ku-to-dna-during-classical-non-homologous-end-joining
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jenny Kaur Singh, Rebecca Smith, Magdalena B Rother, Anton J L de Groot, Wouter W Wiegant, Kees Vreeken, Ostiane D'Augustin, Robbert Q Kim, Haibin Qian, Przemek M Krawczyk, Román González-Prieto, Alfred C O Vertegaal, Meindert Lamers, Sébastien Huet, Haico van Attikum
DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) are among the most deleterious types of DNA damage as they can lead to mutations and chromosomal rearrangements, which underlie cancer development. Classical non-homologous end-joining (cNHEJ) is the dominant pathway for DSB repair in human cells, involving the DNA-binding proteins XRCC6 (Ku70) and XRCC5 (Ku80). Other DNA-binding proteins such as Zinc Finger (ZnF) domain-containing proteins have also been implicated in DNA repair, but their role in cNHEJ remained elusive. Here we show that ZNF384, a member of the C2H2 family of ZnF proteins, binds DNA ends in vitro and is recruited to DSBs in vivo...
November 12, 2021: Nature Communications
https://read.qxmd.com/read/34747992/top2b-s-contributions-to-transcription
#38
REVIEW
Caroline A Austin, Ian G Cowell, Mushtaq M Khazeem, Dawn Lok, Huei Teng Ng
Transcription is regulated and mediated by multiprotein complexes in a chromatin context. Transcription causes changes in DNA topology which is modulated by DNA topoisomerases, enzymes that catalyse changes in DNA topology via transient breaking and re-joining of one or both strands of the phosphodiester backbone. Mammals have six DNA topoisomerases, this review focuses on one, DNA topoisomerase II beta (TOP2B). In the absence of TOP2B transcription of many developmentally regulated genes is altered. Long genes seem particularly susceptible to the lack of TOP2B...
December 17, 2021: Biochemical Society Transactions
https://read.qxmd.com/read/34421615/effect-of-xanthium-strumarium-on-hiv-1-5-ltr-transcriptional-activity-and-viral-reactivation-in-latently-infected-cells
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Chao-Jung Chen, Mu-Lin Chiu, Chien-Hui Hung, Wen-Miin Liang, Mao-Wang Ho, Ting-Hsu Lin, Xiang Liu, Hsinyi Tsang, Chiu-Chu Liao, Shao-Mei Huang, Yi-Fang Wu, Yang-Chang Wu, Te-Mao Li, Fuu-Jen Tsai, Ying-Ju Lin
Chinese herbal medicines (CHMs) are widely used in Asian countries. They show multiple pharmacological activities, including antiviral activities. The 5'-long terminal repeat (LTR) region of HIV-1, required for viral transcription, is a potential drug target for HIV-1 reactivation and intrinsic cell death induction of infected or latently infected cells. Modulation of HIV-1 reactivation requires interactions between host cell proteins and viral 5'-LTR elements. By evaluation of two CHMs- Xanthium strumarium and Pueraria montana , we found that 1) X...
2021: Frontiers in Pharmacology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/34407719/differential-expression-and-transcription-factor-binding-associated-with-genotype-at-a-pharmacogenetic-variant-in-oprd1
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Richard C Crist, Gabriella Arauco-Shapiro, Alexander Zhang, Benjamin C Reiner, Wade H Berrettini, Glenn A Doyle
BACKGROUND: The functional mechanism is unknown for many genetic variants associated with substance use disorder phenotypes. Rs678849, an intronic variant in the delta-opioid receptor gene ( OPRD1 ), has been found to predict regional brain volume, addiction risk, and the efficacy of buprenorphine/naloxone in treating opioid use disorder. The variant has also been implicated as an expression quantitative trait locus (eQTL) for several genes. OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study was to identify functional differences between the two alleles of rs678849 in vitro ...
August 18, 2021: American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse
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