neurological critical and fever

Myositis ossificans is uncommon in patients with nontraumatic brain injuries. This report presents a challenging case in which myositis ossificans was diagnosed and treated by medical management in a patient who was unable to complain of any symptoms due to akinetic mutism that occurred after nontraumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage. The patient had intermittent high-grade fever, and laboratory tests showed elevated C-reactive protein and D-dimer levels without clinical signs of infection two months after subarachnoid hemorrhage...

Neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) is a rare yet severe condition typically associated with antipsychotic medications. Here, we present a case of NMS induced by prochlorperazine in a 76-year-old male with multiple comorbidities, aiming to delineate its clinical manifestation, diagnostic complexities, and treatment approaches. Our methodology involved a thorough documentation of the patient's medical history, initial symptoms, physical examination findings, laboratory results, diagnostic processes, and subsequent therapeutic interventions...

Tuberculous meningitis (TBM) is a severe form of extrapulmonary tuberculosis (TB) characterized by the invasion of Mycobacterium tuberculosis into the meninges surrounding the brain and spinal cord. It triggers an intense inflammatory response, leading to neurological complications if not promptly and adequately managed. TBM often precipitates muscle weakness, neurological deficits, respiratory challenges, swallowing difficulties, joint contractures, and pain. Physiotherapy intervention is essential in treating these problems by personalized treatment strategies and treatment plans to enhance muscle strength, motor control, coordination, and overall mobility...

Enterovirus A71 (EV-A71) infections pose a significant public health concern in the Asia-Pacific region. EV-A71 is primarily responsible for causing hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) in children. However, this virus can also lead to severe and potentially fatal neurological consequences in affected individuals. This review aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the molecular virology, epidemiology, and recombination events associated with EV-A71. The literature extensively covers the clinical manifestations and neurological symptoms that accompany EV-A71 infections...

PURPOSE: The postanesthesia care unit (PACU) is an indispensable part of modern medicine which provides critical care to patients to ensure safe and smooth emergence from anesthesia. The adverse events in the PACU have been widely investigated in adults. However, little is known about the adverse events in pediatric populations. This study was designed to investigate adverse events, including the incidence, disease spectrum, and possible risk factors, in pediatric patients in the PACU at a tertiary pediatric hospital...

PURPOSE: Graph coloring approach has emerged as a valuable problem-solving tool for both theoretical and practical aspects across various scientific disciplines, including biology. In this study, we demonstrate the graph coloring's effectiveness in computational network biology, more precisely in analyzing protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks to gain insights about the viral infections and its consequences on human health. Accordingly, we propose a generic model that can highlight important hub proteins of virus-associated disease manifestations, changes in disease-associated biological pathways, potential drug targets and respective drugs...

Tuberculosis (TB), a  Mycobacterium tuberculosis  (Mtb) infection, remains a significant global health concern despite a declining incidence. This report highlights a complex case involving a 24-year-old patient from Angola who presented with a constellation of symptoms, including fever, weight loss, and neurological deficits. The patient had been on chronic corticosteroid therapy, a known risk factor for the reactivation of latent TB infection (LTBI). Her clinical course was marked by diagnostic challenges, such as a previous diagnosis of Kikuchi's disease and paradoxical progression despite appropriate tuberculostatic chemotherapy...

We report a case study of a 60-year-old man with bipolar disorder on stable lithium treatment who developed severe toxicity while admitted to ICU with sepsis and multiorgan failure. Despite unchanged lithium administration, his serum levels escalated due to renal dysfunction, resulting in lithium toxicity. After regaining consciousness, he exhibited a cerebellar syndrome marked by ataxia, tremor, and scanning speech. MRI revealed cerebellar atrophy. Following discontinuation of lithium and hemodialysis, the patient's symptoms remained static...

Tuberculous meningitis (TBM) presents a complex clinical scenario, often marked by delayed recognition and high mortality. Our case involves a 27-year-old woman from Nepal with no significant medical history, presented with a two-week history of fatigue, altered consciousness, dizziness, vomiting, fever, holocranial headache, and photophobia. Initial examination revealed signs consistent with meningitis, including fever, hypertensive state, prostration, bilateral exophthalmos, sixth cranial nerve paresis, and positive Kernig/Brudzinski signs...

Dravet syndrome (DS), also known as severe myoclonic epilepsy of infancy, is a rare and drug-resistant form of developmental and epileptic encephalopathies, which is both debilitating and challenging to manage, typically arising during the first year of life, with seizures often triggered by fever, infections, or vaccinations. It is characterized by frequent and prolonged seizures, developmental delays, and various other neurological and behavioral impairments. Most cases result from pathogenic mutations in the sodium voltage-gated channel alpha subunit 1 ( SCN1A ) gene, which encodes a critical voltage-gated sodium channel subunit involved in neuronal excitability...

OBJECTIVE: To explore the diagnosis and treatment of acute cerebral infarction following extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) therapy in patients with cardiogenic shock to review the literature. METHODS: The clinical data of two patients with cardiogenic shock treated with veno-arterial ECMO (VA-ECMO) complicated with acute cerebral infarction admitted to department of intensive care unit (ICU) of Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University were retrospectively analyzed and the treatment experience was shared...

Fever-an elevated body temperature-is a prominent feature of a wide range of disease conditions and is a common finding in intensive care, affecting up to 70% of patients in the intensive care unit (ICU). The causes of fever in the ICU are multifactorial, and it can be due to a number of infective and noninfective etiologies. The production of fever represents a complex physiological, adaptive host response that is beneficial for host defense and survival but can be maladaptive and harmful if left unabated...

Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura (TTP) is a subtype of thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA) resulting in thrombocytopenia, anemia, fever, renal and neurological deficits. Although many drugs have been associated with drug-induced TTP, ceftriaxone has never been reported. Our case reports a patient who was started on ceftriaxone and developed TTP. Peripheral smear showed schistocytes and thrombocytopenia. Surprisingly, antibody formation against the metalloproteinase (ADAMTS13) levels were low-normal. The patient was treated with plasmapheresis and eczulimab, leading to platelet recovery and symptom resolution...

OBJECTIVE: To summarize clinical predictors and imaging characteristics of critically ill children infected with SARS-CoV-2 Omicron with neurological complications in Shenzhen during the peak of the first round of infections. METHODS: The clinical data of 11 critically ill children with neurological complications infected with SARS-CoV-2 Omicron in Shenzhen Children's Hospital from December 12 to 31, 2022, were retrospectively collected and analyzed. Laboratory test results related to liver parenchymal injury, histiocytic injury, inflammation, and coagulation function were collected, and imaging characteristics including CT and/or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were analyzed...

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: To describe the most recent scientific evidence on ventilation/oxygenation, circulation, temperature control, general intensive care, and prognostication after successful resuscitation from adult cardiac arrest. RECENT FINDINGS: Targeting a lower oxygen target (90-94%) is associated with adverse outcome. Targeting mild hypercapnia is not associated with improved functional outcomes or survival. There is no compelling evidence supporting improved outcomes associated with a higher mean arterial pressure target compared to a target of >65 mmHg...

Hypoxic-ischemic brain injury (HIBI) is the leading cause of death and disability after cardiac arrest. To date, temperature control is the only intervention shown to improve neurologic outcomes in patients with HIBI. Despite robust preclinical evidence supporting hypothermia as neuroprotective therapy after cardiac arrest, there remains clinical equipoise regarding optimal core temperature, therapeutic window, and duration of therapy. Current guidelines recommend continuous temperature monitoring and active fever prevention for at least 72 h and additionally note insufficient evidence regarding temperature control targeting 32 °C-36 °C...

Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a hyperinflammatory syndrome characterized by hyperferritinemia. A differentiation is made between hereditary and acquired forms. In contrast to children, almost all cases in adult patients consist of acquired secondary HLH. Infections, malignancies and autoimmune diseases are frequent triggers of secondary HLH. More recently, cases of HLH have also been described in association with immunotherapy, e.g., when using chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T‑cell treatment...

BACKGROUND: To describe the clinical characteristics of anti-NMDAR encephalitis secondary to acute necrotizing encephalopathy caused by herpes simplex virus encephalitis in infants, and aid in its early recognition, diagnosis and treatment. CASE PRESENTATION: A total of 4 infants were included; all presented with fever, seizures, and progressive disturbances of consciousness and were diagnosed with herpes simplex virus (HSV-1) encephalitis. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) protein levels progressively increased, and the head MRI showed necrotizing encephalopathy...

A growing number of patients are living with cancer or have a history of cancer leading to increasing adverse effects of treatment or disease necessitating emergency department (ED) consultation. Long-term cancer survivors are at higher risk of comorbidities causing a substantial increase in health care resource utilization. The most frequent reasons for cancer-related ED visits are dyspnea, fever, pain, gastrointestinal or neurological symptoms leading to high hospital and intensive care unit admission rates...

Introduction. It is now known that cancer is a major public health problem; on the other hand, it is less known, or rather, often underestimated, that a significant percentage of cancer patients will experience a cancer-related emergency. These conditions, depending on the severity, may require treatment in intensive care or in the emergency departments. In addition, it is not uncommon for a tumor pathology to manifest itself directly, in the first instance, with a related emergency. The emergency unit proves to be a fundamental and central unit in the management of cancer patients...