keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38172006/carnosine-supplementation-improves-glucose-control-in-adults-with-pre-diabetes-and-type-2-diabetes-a-randomised-controlled-trial
#21
RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL
Rohit Hariharan, James Cameron, Kirthi Menon, Jakub Mesinovic, Paul Jansons, David Scott, Zhong X Lu, Maximilian de Courten, Jack Feehan, Barbora de Courten
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality globally. Carnosine, a naturally occurring dipeptide, has anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-glycating effects, with preliminary evidence suggesting it may improve important chronic disease risk factors in adults with cardiometabolic conditions. METHODS AND RESULTS: In this randomised controlled trial, 43 adults (30%F) living with prediabetes or T2DM consumed carnosine (2 g) or a matching placebo daily for 14 weeks to evaluate its effect on glucose metabolism assessed via a 2-h 75 g oral glucose tolerance test...
February 2024: Nutrition, Metabolism, and Cardiovascular Diseases: NMCD
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38166448/unlocking-the-molecular-variations-of-a-micron-scale-amyloid-plaque-in-an-early-stage-alzheimer-s-disease-by-a-cellular-resolution-mass-spectrometry-imaging-platform
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yueguang Lv, Shuxiong Yan, Ka Deng, Zhiyu Chen, Zhiyi Yang, Fang Li, Qian Luo
Uncovering the molecular changes at the site where Aβ is deposited plays a critical role in advancing the diagnosis and treatment of Alzheimer's disease. However, there is currently a lack of a suitable label-free imaging method with a high spatial resolution for brain tissue analysis. In this study, we propose a modified desorption electrospray ionization (DESI) mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) method, called segmented temperature-controlled DESI (STC-DESI), to achieve high-resolution and high-sensitivity spatial metabolomics observation by precisely controlling desorption and ionization temperatures...
January 2, 2024: ACS Chemical Neuroscience
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38151612/dual-effect-of-carnosine-on-ros-formation-in-rat-cultured-cortical-astrocytes
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Fabiola Diniz, Belisa Parmeggiani, Gabriela Brandão, Bruna Klippel Ferreira, Monique Fonseca Teixeira, Emilio Luiz Streck, Silvia Olivera-Bravo, Luis Hector Barbeito, Patricia Fernanda Schuck, Ricardo Augusto de Melo Reis, Gustavo Costa Ferreira
Carnosine is composed of β-alanine and L-histidine and is considered to be an important neuroprotective agent with antioxidant, metal chelating, and antisenescence properties. However, children with serum carnosinase deficiency present increased circulating carnosine and severe neurological symptoms. We here investigated the in vitro effects of carnosine on redox and mitochondrial parameters in cultured cortical astrocytes from neonatal rats. Carnosine did not alter mitochondrial content or mitochondrial membrane potential...
December 28, 2023: Molecular Neurobiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38147954/effects-of-carnosine-supplementation-on-markers-for-the-pathophysiological-development-of-metabolic-dysfunction-associated-steatotic-liver-disease-in-a-diet-induced-model
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Núbia Alves Grandini, Mariane Róvero Costa, Cristina Schmitt Gregolin, Juliana Silva Siqueira, Taynara Aparecida Vieira, Artur Junio Togneri Ferron, Fabiane Valentini Francisqueti-Ferron, Guilherme Ribeiro Romualdo, Ana Lúcia Dos Anjos Ferreira, Giancarlo Aldini, Camila Renata Corrêa, Fernando Moreto
Consumption of diets high in sugar and fat is related to the development of Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). Carnosine (CAR) is a dipeptide with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory action and has been studied for treating diseases. This work aimed to evaluate the effects of CAR on diet-induced MASLD in rats. Male Wistar rats were distributed into 2 groups (17 weeks): normocaloric (Co, n = 12), and hypercaloric diet rich in lipids and simple carbohydrates (MASLD, n = 12)...
December 24, 2023: Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38146794/dual-effects-of-dietary-carnosine-during-in-vitro-digestion-of-a-western-meal-model-with-added-ascorbic-acid
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yi Yao Li, Varoujan Yaylayan, Marie-France Palin, Tania M Ngapo, Simon Cliche, Hassan Sabik, Claude Gariépy
The beneficial role of carnosine during in vitro digestion of meat was previously demonstrated, and it was hypothesized that such benefits could also be obtained in a meal system. The current study, therefore, assessed carnosine effects on markers of lipid and protein oxidation and of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) during gastric and duodenal in vitro digestion of a burger meal model. The model included intrinsic (low) and enhanced (medium and high) carnosine levels in a mix of pork mince and bread, with or without ascorbic acid (AA) and/or fructose as anti- and prooxidants, respectively...
December 26, 2023: Journal of Food Science
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38139065/histidine-bound-dinitrosyl-iron-complexes-antioxidant-and-antiradical-properties
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Konstantin B Shumaev, Olga V Kosmachevskaya, Elvira I Nasybullina, Enno K Ruuge, Elena I Kalenikova, Alexey F Topunov
Dinitrosyl iron complexes (DNICs) are important physiological derivatives of nitric oxide. These complexes have a wide range of biological activities, with antioxidant and antiradical ones being of particular interest and importance. We studied the interaction between DNICs associated with the dipeptide L-carnosine or serum albumin and prooxidants under conditions mimicking oxidative stress. The ligands of these DNICs were histidine residues of carnosine or His39 and Cys34 in bovine serum albumin. Carnosine-bound DNICs reduced the level of piperazine free radicals in the reaction system containing tert -butyl hydroperoxide ( t -BOOH), bivalent iron ions, a nitroxyl anion donor (Angeli's salt), and HEPES buffer...
December 7, 2023: International Journal of Molecular Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38128717/human-carnosinases-a-brief-history-medicinal-relevance-and-in-silico-analyses
#27
REVIEW
Klaudia Chmielewska, Serena Vittorio, Silvia Gervasoni, Krystyna Dzierzbicka, Iwona Inkielewicz-Stepniak, Giulio Vistoli
Carnosine, an endogenous dipeptide, has been found to have a plethora of medicinal properties, such as antioxidant, antiageing, and chelating effects, but with one downside: a short half-life. Carnosinases and two hydrolytic enzymes, which remain enigmatic, are responsible for these properties. Hence, here we emphasize why research is valuable for better understanding crucial concepts like ageing, neurodegradation, and cancerogenesis, given that inhibition of carnosinases might significantly prolong carnosine bioavailability and allow its further use in medicine...
December 19, 2023: Drug Discovery Today
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38126610/effect-of-age-on-metabolomic-changes-in-a-model-of-paclitaxel-induced-peripheral-neurotoxicity
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Roberta Bonomo, Annalisa Canta, Alessia Chiorazzi, Valentina Alda Carozzi, Cristina Meregalli, Eleonora Pozzi, Paola Alberti, Cecile F Frampas, Daan R Van der Veen, Paola Marmiroli, Debra J Skene, Guido Cavaletti
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neurotoxicity (CIPN) is one of the most common dose-limiting side effects of paclitaxel (PTX) treatment. Many age-related changes have been hypothesized to underlie susceptibility to damage or impaired regeneration/repair after nerve injury. The results of these studies, however, are inconclusive and other potential biomarkers of nerve impairment need to be investigated. METHODS: Twenty-four young (2 months) and 24 adult (9 months) Wistar male rats were randomized to either PTX treatment (10 mg/kg i...
December 21, 2023: Journal of the Peripheral Nervous System: JPNS
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38112867/a-randomised-trial-of-topical-polaprezinc-to-prevent-oral-mucositis-in-patients-undergoing-haematopoietic-stem-cell-transplantation-topaz-study
#29
RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL
Midori Nakagaki, Glen A Kennedy, Nicole C Gavin, Jason Butler, Alexandra Clavarino, Karen Whitfield
PURPOSE: Oral mucositis (OM) is a common complication in haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Polaprezinc, an anti-ulcer drug, has been shown to be effective to prevent OM in several studies when administered topically and systemically. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of topical polaprezinc in patients undergoing HSCT. METHODS: This was an open-label randomised clinical trial comparing polaprezinc and sodium bicarbonate mouthwashes for the prevention of severe OM in HSCT patients...
December 19, 2023: Supportive Care in Cancer
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38086332/effects-of-carnosine-and-histidine-containing-dipeptides-on-biomarkers-of-inflammation-and-oxidative-stress-a-systematic-review-and-meta-analysis
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Saeede Saadati, Robel Hussen Kabthymer, Giancarlo Aldini, Aya Mousa, Jack Feehan, Barbora de Courten
CONTEXT: Carnosine and histidine-containing dipeptides (HCDs) are suggested to have anti-inflammatory and antioxidative benefits, but their effects on circulating adipokines and inflammatory and oxidative stress biomarkers remain unclear. OBJECTIVES: The aim of the present systematic review and meta-analysis was to determine the impact of HCD supplementation on inflammatory and oxidative stress biomarkers. DATA SOURCES: A systematic search was performed on Medline via Ovid, Scopus, Embase, ISI Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library databases from inception to 25 January 2023...
December 12, 2023: Nutrition Reviews
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38081616/-carnosine-protects-against-diabetic-nephropathy-in-rats-by-activating-the-akt-mtor-pathway-and-restoring-autophagy-in-the-renal-tissue
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Y Ren, J Lu, L Yu, Z Li, G Wang, J Yang
OBJECTIVE: To explore the mechanisms mediating the protective effect of carnosine against nephropathy in rats with diabetes mellitus (DM). METHODS: Rat models of DM established by high-fat diet feeding and streptozotocin injection were randomized into DM group and 3 treatment groups with daily carnosine treatment at 100, 300, and 900 mg/kg. Body weight and blood glucose level changes of the rats were measured regularly. After the treatment, 24-h urine, serum samples and kidneys of the rats were collected to measure urine volume, urine protein content, blood creatinine, and kidney mass; renal pathology was observed using HE staining, and MDA content and SOD activity in the kidney tissues were detected...
November 20, 2023: Nan Fang Yi Ke da Xue Xue Bao, Journal of Southern Medical University
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38066465/carnosine-supplementation-and-retinal-oxidative-parameters-in-a-high-calorie-diet-rat-model
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Rogil Jose de Almeida Torres, Fernando Moreto, Andrea Luchini, Rogerio Joao de Almeida Torres, Sofia Pimentel Longo, Ricardo Aurino Pinho, Seigo Nagashima, Lucia de Noronha, Artur Junio Togneri Ferron, Carol Cristina Vagula de Almeida Silva, Camila Renata Correa, Giancarlo Aldini, Ana Lucia Anjos Ferreira
BACKGROUND: To assess oxidative effects induced by a high-calorie diet on the retina of Wistar rats and test the antioxidative effects of carnosine supplementation. METHODS: Wistar rats were randomly divided into the following groups: standard diet (SD), high-calorie diet (HcD), standard diet + carnosine (SD + Car), and high-calorie diet + carnosine (HcD + Car). The body weight, adiposity index, plasma glucose, total lipids, high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), uric acid, creatinine, and triglycerides of the animals were evaluated...
December 8, 2023: BMC Ophthalmology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38045249/metabolic-pathways-for-removing-reactive-aldehydes-are-diminished-in-atrophic-muscle-during-heart-failure
#33
Mamata Chaudhari, Igor Zelko, Pawel Lorkiewicz, David Hoetker, Benjamin Doelling, Kenneth Brittian, Aruni Bhatnagar, Sanjay Srivast, Shahid P Baba
Background : Muscle wasting is a serious complication in heart failure patients, and oxidative stress is involved in the pathogenesis of muscle wasting. Oxidative stress leads to the formation of toxic lipid peroxidation products, such as 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (HNE) and acrolein, which causemuscle wasting. In tissues, these toxic aldehydes are metabolically removed by enzymes such asaldo keto reductases and endogenous nucleophiles, such as glutathione and carnosine. Whether these metabolic pathways could be affected in skeletal muscle during heart failure has never been studied...
November 21, 2023: Research Square
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38036004/a-self-assembled-graphene-oxide-adjuvant-induces-both-enhanced-humoral-and-cellular-immune-responses-in-influenza-vaccine
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Shiyi Huang, Yiyang Li, Shuang Zhang, Youming Chen, Wenqiong Su, David J Sanchez, John D H Mai, Xiao Zhi, Hongjun Chen, Xianting Ding
Antiviral vaccine is essential for preventing and controlling virus spreading, along with declining morbidity and mortality. A major challenge in effective vaccination lies in the ability to enhance both the humoral and cellular immune responses by adjuvants. Herein, self-assembled nanoparticles based on graphene oxide quantum dots with components of carnosine, resiquimod and Zn2+ ions, namely ZnGC-R, are designed as a new adjuvant for influenza vaccine. With its high capability for antigen-loading, ZnGC-R enhances antigen utilization, improves DC recruitment, and activates antigen-presenting cells...
November 28, 2023: Journal of Controlled Release
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38035859/amniotic-fluid-metabolic-fingerprinting-contributes-to-shaping-the-unfavourable-intrauterine-environment-in-monochorionic-diamniotic-twins
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Nana Huang, Hai Jiang, Youzhen Zhang, Xiya Sun, Yixin Li, Yuan Wei, Jing Yang, Yangyu Zhao
BACKGROUND & AIMS: Amniotic fluid (AF) is the primary intrauterine environment for fetal growth throughout gestation. Selective fetal growth restriction (sFGR) is an adverse complication characterized by unequal growth in twins with nearly identical genetic makeup. However, the influence of AF-mediated intrauterine environment on the development and progression of sFGR remains unexplored. METHODS: High-throughput targeted metabolomics analysis (G350) was performed on AF samples collected from sFGR (n = 18) and MCDA twins with birth weight concordance (MCDA-C, n = 20) cases...
November 14, 2023: Clinical Nutrition
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38024708/binding-modes-of-carnostatine-homocarnosine-and-ophidine-to-human-carnosinase-1
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Borvornwat Toviwek, Thanathip Suwanasopee, Skorn Koonawootrittriron, Danai Jattawa, Prapasiri Pongprayoon
Carnosine (CAR), anserine (ANS), homocarnosine (H-CAR), and ophidine (OPH) are histidine-containing dipeptides that show a wide range of therapeutic properties. With their potential physiological effects, these bioactive dipeptides are considered as bioactive food components. However, such dipeptides display low stability due to their rapid degradation by human serum carnosinase 1 (CN1). A dimeric CN1 hydrolyzes such histidine-containing compounds with different degrees of reactivities. A selective CN inhibitor, carnostatine (CARN), was reported to effectively inhibit CN's activity...
November 14, 2023: ACS Omega
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38018900/anticancer-actions-of-carnosine-in-cellular-models-of-prostate-cancer
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
K Habra, J R D Pearson, P Le Vu, C Puig-Saenz, M J Cripps, M A Khan, M D Turner, C Sale, S E B McArdle
Treatments for organ-confined prostate cancer include external beam radiation therapy, radical prostatectomy, radiotherapy/brachytherapy, cryoablation and high-intensity focused ultrasound. None of these are cancer-specific and are commonly accompanied by side effects, including urinary incontinence and erectile dysfunction. Moreover, subsequent surgical treatments following biochemical recurrence after these interventions are either limited or affected by the scarring present in the surrounding tissue. Carnosine (β-alanyl-L-histidine) is a histidine-containing naturally occurring dipeptide which has been shown to have an anti-tumorigenic role without any detrimental effect on healthy cells; however, its effect on prostate cancer cells has never been investigated...
November 29, 2023: Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38013229/histidine-containing-dipeptide-supplementation-improves-delayed-recall-a-systematic-review-and-meta-analysis
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Simon M Bell, Rohit Hariharan, Peter J Laud, Arshad Majid, Barbora de Courten
CONTEXT: Histidine-containing dipeptides (carnosine, anserine, beta-alanine and others) are found in human muscle tissue and other organs like the brain. Data in rodents and humans indicate that administration of exogenous carnosine improved cognitive performance. However, RCTs results vary. OBJECTIVES: To perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of histidine-containing dipeptide (HCD) supplementation on cognitive performance in humans to assess its utility as a cognitive stabiliser...
November 27, 2023: Nutrition Reviews
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38004228/carnosine-did-not-affect-vascular-and-metabolic-outcomes-in-patients-with-prediabetes-and-type-2-diabetes-a-14-week-randomized-controlled-trial
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Saeede Saadati, James Cameron, Kirthi Menon, Alexander Hodge, Zhong X Lu, Maximilian de Courten, Jack Feehan, Barbora de Courten
Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with prediabetes and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Carnosine has been suggested as a potential approach to reduce ASCVD risk factors. However, there is a paucity of human data. Hence, we performed a 14-week double-blind randomized placebo-controlled trial to determine whether carnosine compared with placebo improves vascular and metabolic outcomes in individuals with prediabetes and T2DM. In total, 49 patients with prediabetes and T2DM with good glycemic control were randomly assigned either to receive 2 g/day carnosine or matching placebo...
November 19, 2023: Nutrients
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38003398/carnosine-zinc-and-copper-a-menage-a-trois-in-bone-and-cartilage-protection
#40
REVIEW
Valeria Ciaffaglione, Enrico Rizzarelli
Dysregulated metal homeostasis is associated with many pathological conditions, including arthritic diseases. Osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis are the two most prevalent disorders that damage the joints and lead to cartilage and bone destruction. Recent studies show that the levels of zinc (Zn) and copper (Cu) are generally altered in the serum of arthritis patients. Therefore, metal dyshomeostasis may reflect the contribution of these trace elements to the disease's pathogenesis and manifestations, suggesting their potential for prognosis and treatment...
November 11, 2023: International Journal of Molecular Sciences
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