St. John wort

Use of herbal medications and supplements has experienced immense growth over the last two decades, with retail sales in the USA exceeding $13 billion in 2021. Since the Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act (DSHEA) of 1994 reduced FDA oversight, these products have become less regulated. Data from 2012 shows 18% of U.S. adults used non-vitamin, non-mineral natural products. Prevalence varies regionally, with higher use in Western states. Among preoperative patients, the most commonly used herbal medications included garlic, ginseng, ginkgo, St...

St. John's Wort, commonly known as Hypericum perforatum L., is a flowering plant in the Clusiaceae family that traditionally been employed for treating anxiety, depression, wounds, burns, sunburn, irritation, and stomach ailments. This review provides a synopsis of H. perforatum L. phytoconstituents and their biological effects, highlighting its beneficial therapeutic properties for dermatological indications, as well as its antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and anti-angiogenic activity in various applications including wound healing and skin conditions such as eczema, sun burn and minor burns also spastic paralysis, stiff neck and mood disorders as anti-depressant and nerve pains such as neuralgia...

ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Plants in the genus Hypericum (Hypericaceae), include more than 500 species worldwide, and many are valued for their medicinal properties, and are used as traditional herbal medicines. However, only H. perforatum is officially recognized as herbal drug in several pharmacopoeias, and used as an antidepressant clinically. Hypericum perforatum had been used as an herbal medicine since the Han Dynasty (206 B.C. -220 A.D.) in China. It taxonomically belongs to the section Hypericum in the genus Hypericum...

BACKGROUND: Drug use during pregnancy can cause unfavorable fetal and maternal outcomes. Information sharing is essential for pharmacists' role within intricate, modern healthcare systems. Community pharmacists (CPs) have demonstrated unsatisfactory knowledge across various pharmacological domains in most developing countries. This study aimed to explore the knowledge and practices of CPs regarding medications and herb safety during pregnancy. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted in a developing country using a self-administered questionnaire...

Hyperatins A-D (1-4), four previously undescribed polycyclic polyprenylated acylphloroglucinols, were isolated from Hypericum perforatum L. (St. John's wort). Compound 1 possessed a unique octahydroindeno[1,7a-b]oxirene ring system with a rare 2,7-dioxabicyclo[2.2.1]heptane fragment. Compounds 2-4 had an uncommon decahydrospiro[furan-3,7'-indeno[7,1-bc]furan] ring system. Their structures were established by spectroscopic analyses and X-ray crystallography. Plausible biosynthetic pathways of 1-4 were also proposed...

We report a poisoning with paliperidone palmitate, a once-monthly, long-acting injectable antipsychotic. The patient suffered from deep sedation and dystonia. She had been treated with extended release intramuscular paliperidone for several years and had received her last injection 8 days prior to admission. The plasma paliperidone was nearly five times higher than the upper reference range. Paliperidone is a substrate of p-glycoprotein and we therefore aimed to increase its elimination by inducing p-glycoprotein through treatment with St John's wort...

Astilbin is a flavanonol, found in St John's wort (Hypericum perforatum) and many other plants. It has been demonstrated that astilbin contains anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and immune-suppressive properties. However, the bioavailability of astilbin remains a question for which drug delivery-based nanoparticles can be utilized. We formulated a nanostructured lipid carrier loaded with astilbin (NLC-AS) and tested its effects on the rotenone exposed PC12 cells and in a neurodegenerative mice model of Parkinson's disease (PD) induced by rotenone...

Optimum serotonin level in the serotonergic synapses of the central nervous system (CNS) is related to mood, behavior, and sleep. Serotonin syndrome (SS) is a rare yet very dangerous adverse effect resulting from increased serotonin in CNS. The diagnosis of SS is based on the presence of clinical symptoms, which can include agitation, confusion, rapid heart rate, high blood pressure, dilated pupils, muscle rigidity, tremors, sweating, and diarrhea. SS is invariably caused by inadvertent use of serotonergic medicines...

Nutraceuticals represent substances derived from food or plants that provide medical or health benefits, and are increasingly sought by patients as a means of treating migraine in a natural, effective, and safe manner as conventional therapies often fail, are expensive, and laden with side effects. This chapter reviews various nutraceutical therapies for migraine including phytomedicines (plant-based therapies), diets for migraine management and vitamin, mineral, and supplement-based treatments for migraine with respect to preclinical and clinical evidence...

Hypericum perforatum (St. John's wort) has been described to be beneficial for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Different extractions have demonstrated efficiency in mice and humans, esp. extracts with a low hypericin and hyperforin content to reduce side effects such as phototoxicity. In order to systematically elucidate the therapeutic effects of H. perforatum extracts with different polarities, APP-transgenic mice were treated with a total ethanol extract (TE), a polar extract obtained from TE, and an apolar supercritical CO2 (scCO2 ) extract...

OBJECTIVE: To investigate prescription patterns of combined oral contraceptives (COC) among psychotropic drug users compared to non-psychotropic drug users in routine clinical practice in Europe. STUDY DESIGN: A pooled analysis of three large, prospective, multinational cohort studies including women with a new prescription of COC from 12 European countries. We calculated standardized mean differences (SMD) to investigate whether the status of psychotropic drug use (use/no use) or the psychotropic drug class (psycholeptics/psychoanaleptics) is associated with the healthcare professional's choice of a specific type of COC progestin...

BACKGROUND: Reducing pain and improving physical function are critical in the treatment of osteoarthritis. Although individuals use St. John's Wort oil to relieve pain due to osteoarthritis, no scientific research has been found investigating its effectiveness. AIM: This study investigated the effect of St. John's Wort oil on pain intensity and physical functions in people with knee osteoarthritis. METHODS: This study adopted a single-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, and qualitative mixed design...

Hydrogels prepared with natural and synthetic polymers were found to be applicable for the development of resistance against some Gram positive and negative bacterial species. Numerous studies have shown that chitosan polymers can be advantageous to be used in medicine due to their high antibacterial activity. In this study, biocompatible yellow cantorone oil doped hydrogels (chitosan/poly(vinyl alcohol) based) with antimicrobial properties were synthesized. The structural, morphological, swelling and mechanical properties of these biocompatible hydrogels prepared by double crosslinking were investigated and characterized...

St. John's Wort preparations are used for the treatment of mild to moderate depression. They are usually well tolerated but can cause adverse reactions including liver toxicity in rare cases. To date, the mechanism(s) underlying the hepatotoxicity of St. John's Wort extracts are poorly investigated. We studied the hepatocellular toxicity of hypericin and hyperforin as the two main ingredients of St. John's Wort extracts in HepG2 cells and HepaRG cells and compared the effects to citalopram (a synthetic serotonin uptake inhibitor) with a special focus on mitochondrial toxicity and oxidative stress...

Peganum harmala L. ( P. harmala ), also known as Espand, Harmel, or Syrian rue, and Hypericum perforatum L. ( H. perforatum ), commonly known as St. John's wort, are two of the widely cultivated industrial crops and used worldwide in antihepatoma-related products. However, their main functional substances are still not clear, thus impeding the efficacy evaluations and quality controls of relative products around the world. In this work, the anti-hepatoma biomarkers of P. harmala and H. perforatum were clarified through the development of principal components analysis (PCA)-HPLC secondary metabolite mapping models...

Tacrolimus is metabolized by cytochrome P450 3A (CYP3A) and is susceptible to interactions with the CYP3A and P-glycoprotein inducer St. John's Wort (SJW). CYP3A isozymes are predominantly expressed in the small intestine and liver. Prolonged-release tacrolimus (PR-Tac) is largely absorbed in distal intestinal segments and is less susceptible to CYP3A inhibition. The effect of induction by SJW is unknown. In this randomized, crossover trial, 18 healthy volunteers received single oral tacrolimus doses (immediate-release [IR]-Tac or PR-Tac, 5 mg each) alone and during induction by SJW...

The herb Hypericum perforatum, also referred to as St. John's wort, has drawn a lot of interest because of its potential therapeutic benefits in treating neurodegenerative illnesses. Due to the absence of effective therapies, illnesses like Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease pose an increasing worldwide health concern. Because of its wide variety of phytochemicals, especially hyperforin, and hypericin, Hypericum perforatum is well known for its neuroprotective properties. These substances have proven to be able to affect different cellular processes linked to neurodegeneration...

BACKGROUND: Clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) are used to guide decision-making, especially regarding complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) therapies that are unfamiliar to orthodox healthcare providers. This systematic review aimed to critically review and summarise CAM recommendations associated with anxiety management included in the existing CPGs. METHODS: Seven databases, websites of six international guidelines developing institutions, and the National Centre for Complementary and Integrative Health website were systematically searched...

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This study aimed to determine the secondary metabolite profiles and antibacterial activity of H. perforatum L extracts against Gram-positive clinical isolates. The plant materials (Sample A and Sample B) were macerated with n- hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol (MeOH). The antibacterial activitiy of plant extracts and routinely used antibiotics were tested against Gram-positive bacteria. The secondary metabolite profiles of Sample A were determined by LC-Q-TOF-MS. The MIC values for n -hexane and ethyl acetate extracts of Sample A were lower than the susceptibility breakpoints of most broad-spectrum antibiotics (e...