Pachymetry

BACKGROUND: To assess the prevalence of low corneal endothelial cell density and correlates of corneal endothelial cell density among adults attending Mbarara University and Referral Hospital Eye Centre in Uganda. METHODS: In this hospital-based cross-sectional study, participants 18 years and older, were enrolled. We obtained informed consent, and basic demographic data. We also conducted visual acuity, a detailed slit lamp examination, intra-ocular pressure, corneal diameter, tear-film break-up time, keratometry, A-scan, and pachymetry on all participants...

Keratoconus (KC) is the most common corneal ectasia. Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A) is a relatively new non-invasive imaging technique that allows the visualization and quantification of retinal and choriocapillary blood vessels. The aim of this study is to assess retinal and choriocapillary vessel density (VD) differences between KC patients and healthy controls and to investigate correlations between VD and KC severity. Fifty-two eyes were included in this exploratory study: twenty-six eyes from 26 KC patients and twenty-six eyes from 26 age- and gender-matched healthy controls...

Purpose: To evaluate the difference between planned and measured central ablation depth (CAD) and compare the first and second operated eye in simultaneous bilateral myopic alcohol-assisted PRK. Methods: A retrospective review of patients was performed. Demographic and preoperative data was abstracted. Intraoperative assessment included environmental data, laser-planned algorithm of ablation (L-CAD), and optical coherence pachymetry (OCP) measurements. The true stromal ablation depth (O-CAD) was calculated by subtracting the immediate post-ablation OCP measurement from the OCP measurement before laser ablation...

INTRODUCTION: Keratoconus is a progressive disorder of the cornea that causes thinning (Sedaghat et al. in Sci Rep 11(1):11971, 2021), ectasia, and irregular astigmatism, resulting in poor visual acuity that cannot be corrected with standard sphero-cylindrical spectacle lenses. One feature distinguishing keratoconic corneas is ocular aberrations, manifesting up to five or six times the amount of higher-order aberrations than a normal, healthy eye. These aberrations can cause visual disturbances even at the very early stages of the disease...

PURPOSES: This study aims to assess and compare the postoperative visual and topographic outcomes, complications, and graft survival rates following deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty and penetrating keratoplasty in patients with macular corneal dystrophy. METHODS: In this study we enrolled 59 patients (23 male; and 36 female) with macular corneal dystrophy comprising 81 eyes. Out of these, 64 eyes underwent penetrating keratoplasty, while 17 eyes underwent deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty...

A 28-year-old nurse had an aberration-free femto-laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) performed for her myopia of -6.25 -0.50 × 096 and -6.75 -0.50 × 175 in the right and left eye, respectively. Corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA) preoperatively was 20/16. Preoperatively, there were no abnormalities on Scheimpflug imaging, and a pachymetry of 585 μm was measured in both eyes. Flap thickness was 115 μm. The patient was quite nervous during the surgery. Since the surgery, her uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA) and CDVA are suboptimal at 20/30 and 20/20 in the right eye, and 20/20 and 20/16 in the left eye...

The aim of this study was to investigate the anatomical and physiological ocular parameters in adolescents with myopia and to examine the relations between refractive error (SER), ocular biometry, body size and flexibility parameters in myopic adolescents. A cross-sectional study of 184 myopic adolescents, aged 15 to 19 years was conducted. Refractive error and corneal curvature measures of the eye were evaluated using an autorefractometer under cycloplegia. Central corneal thickness was determined by contact pachymetry...

This study evaluated the tolerability and efficacy of the topical rho-kinase inhibitor netarsudil for canine primary corneal endothelial degeneration (PCED). Twenty-six eyes of 21 client-owned dogs with PCED were enrolled in a prospective, randomized, vehicle control clinical trial and received topical netarsudil 0.02% (Rhopressa®) or vehicle control twice daily (BID) for the first 4 months. Then, all patients received netarsudil for the next 4 or 8 months. Complete ophthalmic examination, ultrasonic pachymetry, Fourier-domain optical coherence tomography, and in vivo confocal microscopy were performed at baseline and 1, 2, 4, 6, 8 and 12 months...

PURPOSE: We herein present Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK) as an effective surgical means of treatment for the management of interface fluid syndrome (IFS) in a series of cases with distant history of laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK). METHODS: Three cases from a single institution were included. All patients had documented IFS in the setting of history of LASIK. All 3 patients underwent DMEK for the treatment of IFS. Visual acuity, clinical findings, pachymetry, endothelial cell count, and anterior segment optical coherence tomography were recorded...

PURPOSE: To compare the performance of 3 commercially available tomographers (the Pentacam Scheimpflug camera, the swept-source optical coherence tomography Casia, and the blue light slit-scanning tomographer Precisio) in the identification of patterns associated with Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy (FECD) decompensation. METHODS: This was a clinic-based cross-sectional imaging study. Pachymetry maps and posterior surface elevation maps were acquired with the 3 devices from 61 eyes affected by FECD...

PURPOSE: To assess the safety and efficacy of treatment and secondarily determine the topographic changes, visual outcomes, and demarcation line depth after high-fluence pulsed light accelerated cross-linking (ACXL) in pediatric patients (younger than 18 years) with progressive keratoconus. METHODS: This retrospective analysis included 32 eyes (25 children, aged 11 to 18 years), with progressive keratoconus treated with high-energy epithelium-off pulsed light ACXL (7...

PURPOSES: This study aims to assess and compare the postoperative visual and topographic outcomes, complications, and graft survival rates following deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty and penetrating keratoplasty in patients with macular corneal dystrophy. METHODS: In this study we enrolled 59 patients (23 male; and 36 female) with macular corneal dystrophy comprising 81 eyes. Out of these, 64 eyes underwent penetrating keratoplasty, while 17 eyes underwent deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty...

PURPOSE: To compare the differences between eyes with pseudoexfoliative glaucoma (PXG) when they are divided into two groups (hypertensive PXG and normotensive PXG) according to the intraocular pressure (IOP). METHODS: This is a retrospective study. Data from 86 hypertensive PXG eyes and 80 normotensive PXG eyes were included. Hypertensive PXG was defined as PXG with IOP ≥ 22 mmHg, and normotensive PXG was defined as with IOP ≤ 21 mmHg). Central corneal thickness (CCT) was measured by ultrasound pachymetry...

PURPOSE: To translate, validate, and evaluate the psychometric properties of the German version of Keratoconus Outcomes Research Questionnaire (KORQ). METHODS: This prospective study included 3 phases. In phase 1, the KORQ was translated in a standardized way; in phase 2, Rasch validation was performed; in phase 3, the validated questionnaire was evaluated in a separate patient cohort. All patients answered the German KORQ. Scheimpflug imaging (Pentacam) and optical coherence tomography scans (MS-39) were conducted...

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to describe the strategies and outcomes, with a modified technique, of compression sutures in large acute hydrops. METHODS: This was a prospective interventional study in 29 eyes of 28 patients who underwent compression sutures using a modified technique. The degree of resolution after surgical intervention was quantified by 3 masked observers, using the slit-lamp photographic documentation and optical coherence tomography. The degree of resolution, best-corrected visual acuity, and complications were analyzed...

AIMS: To demonstrate changes in distance and near fusional vergence measured with prism bars, while compensating for present heterophoria using current ametropia correction. In addition, to determine the differences in values of the AC/A ratio determined by the heterophoric (calculation) and gradient methods. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The basic sample includes 19 subjects with a mean age of 21.5 ±3.0 years (min. 18, max. 27). We used the Von Graefe technique for examination of distance and near phoria, and prism bars for examination of fusion vergences measured in prism diopters...

PURPOSE: Topical glaucoma medication is the first line of management to reduce intraocular pressure (IOP) in patients with glaucoma. In this study, we intended to compare the ultrastructural findings of the cornea in patients with glaucoma before and after the reduction of the IOP through confocal microscopy. METHODS: Ten patients (19 eyes) with newly diagnosed glaucoma were recruited from the glaucoma services of our tertiary care center. Demographic parameters were noted, and basic ocular examination, specular microscopy (Topcon SP3000P, Tokyo, Japan), and ultrasonic pachymetry (300 AP, Sonomed Escalon, Stoneham, MA, USA) were performed...

PURPOSE: Patients with advanced keratoconus (KCN) are less likely to benefit from corneal cross-linking and may require a partial or full thickness keratoplasty. This study aimed to determine whether racial disparities exist in the clinical presentation and initial treatment recommendations for patients evaluated for KCN. METHODS: A single-center retrospective review was conducted on all patients who presented to the cornea department for initial evaluation of KCN between 2018 and 2020...

The aim was to evaluate the safety, efficacy, and visual performance of an orthokeratology lens with an increased compression factor (ICF) of 1.25 D in a 3-month follow-up. Thirty-six myopic patients (5 males and 31 females; 24.2 ± 5.8 years) were fitted with Alexa AR (Tiedra Farmacéutica S.L., Madrid, Spain) contact lenses (CLs) and twenty participants finished the follow-up. Visual acuity (VA), subjective refraction, primary spherical and primary coma aberrations, keratometry, central pachymetry, and ocular surface evaluation were performed at baseline and after 1 night, 1 week, 1 month, and 3 months of CL wear...

BACKGROUND: To compare clinical, anatomical, and densitometric changes following Dresden (DCXL) vs. accelerated (ACXL) corneal UVA cross-linking (CXL; Avedro KXL, Geuder, Heidelberg, Germany) in progressive keratoconus (KC). METHODS AND MATERIAL: In this retrospective study, we analyzed 20 patients following DCXL (3 mW/cm², 30 min, 5.4 J/cm²) and 44 patients following ACXL (9 mW/cm², 10 min, 5.4 J/cm²) between January 2016 and February 2020...