Visceral obesity cardiovascular risk factor

BACKGROUND: Obesity and hypertension are major risk factors for cardiovascular diseases that affect millions of people worldwide. Both conditions are associated with chronic low-grade inflammation, which is mediated by adipokines such as adiponectin. Adiponectin is the most abundant adipokine that has a beneficial impact on metabolic and vascular biology, while high serum concentrations are associated with some syndromes. This "adiponectin paradox" still needs to be clarified in obesity-associated hypertension...

Background: This study evaluates insulin resistance prevalence in young females without diabetes, assessing risk factors and adiposity indices for early detection of cardiometabolic disorders. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted, involving 282 females aged 18-35 years from suburban and rural areas of Sri Lanka. Anthropometric measurements [height, weight, waist circumference (WC)] were obtained and biochemical parameters [fasting glucose, insulin, insulin resistance (IR), total cholesterol, high-density lipoproteins, (HDL), low-density lipoproteins, triglycerides] were measured...

BACKGROUND: This study explores the intricate relationship between smoking, cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors and their combined impact on overall CVD risk, utilizing data from NHANES 2011-2018. METHODS: Participants were categorized based on the presence of CVD, and we compared their demographic, social, and clinical characteristics. We utilized logistic regression models, receiver operating characteristics (ROC) analysis, and the chi-squared test to examine the associations between variables and CVD risk...

BACKGROUND: Obesity is often associated with multiple comorbidities. However, whether obese subjects with hyperlipidemia in the absence of other complications have worse cardiac indices than metabolically healthy obese subjects is unclear. Therefore, we aimed to determine the effect of hyperlipidemia on subclinical left ventricular (LV) function in obesity and to evaluate the association of cardiac parameters with body fat distribution. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Ninety-two adults were recruited and divided into 3 groups: obesity with hyperlipidemia (n = 24, 14 males), obesity without hyperlipidemia (n = 25, 13 males), and c ntrols (n = 43, 25 males)...

BACKGROUND: Excess muscle fat is observed in obesity and associated with greater burden of cardiovascular risk factors and higher risk of mortality. Liraglutide reduces total body weight and visceral fat but its effect on muscle fat and adverse muscle composition is unknown. METHODS: This is a pre-specified secondary analysis of a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial that examined the effects of liraglutide plus a lifestyle intervention on visceral adipose tissue and ectopic fat among adults without diabetes with body mass index ≥30 kg/m2 or ≥27 kg/m2 and metabolic syndrome...

Central adiposity, which is visceral and subcutaneous adiposity in the abdominal region, is a known risk factor for developing chronic cardiometabolic diseases. Central adiposity can be measured relatively inexpensively using ultrasound. Ultrasound has been shown to be precise and reliable, with measurement accuracy comparable to computed tomography and magnetic resonance. Despite the advantages conferred by ultrasound, widespread adoption has been hindered by lack of reliable standard operating procedures...

OBJECTIVE: Visceral obesity and the lifetime risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) have received increasing attention. However, the relationship between dynamic changes in visceral obesity and CVD has not been studied. We aimed to determine the association of visceral adiposity index (VAI) transition with CVD risk. METHODS: A total of 5395 participants were recruited in 2011-2012 and followed up until 2018 from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study. The cut-off value of the VAI was obtained by the receiver-operating characteristic curve...

Epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) stands out as a distinctive repository of visceral fat, positioned in close anatomical and functional proximity to the heart. EAT has emerged as a distinctive reservoir of visceral fat, intricately interlinked with cardiovascular health, particularly within the domain of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). The aim of our overview is to highlight the role of EAT as a marker for cardiovascular risk in children. We also explore the influence of unhealthy lifestyle habits as predisposing factors for the deposition of EAT...

Metabolic syndrome comprises a set of risk factors that include abdominal obesity, impaired glucose tolerance, hypertriglyceridemia, low high-density lipoprotein levels, and high blood pressure, at least three of which must be fulfilled for diagnosis. Metabolic syndrome has been linked to an increased risk of cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Multimodality imaging plays an important role in metabolic syndrome, including diagnosis, risk stratification, and assessment of complications. CT and MRI are the primary tools for quantification of excess fat, including subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissue, as well as fat around organs, which are associated with increased cardiovascular risk...

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is associated with cardiovascular risk factors, such as insulin resistance, dyslipidaemia, hypertension and abdominal obesity. Given the growing need to investigate food supplements with positive health effects, this study was aimed at testing the benefits of a specific supplement for people with MetS. Fifty-eight subjects with MetS and T2DM or impaired glucose tolerance assuming metformin, were randomly assigned to take a food supplement of glucomannan, D-chiro-inositol, Cinnamomum zeylanicum blume and inulin at a daily fixed dose of 4 g orally for four months...

The prevalence of obesity has tripled over the past five decades. Obesity, especially visceral obesity, is closely related to hypertension, increasing the risk of primary (essential) hypertension by 65%-75%. Hypertension is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease, the leading cause of death worldwide, and its prevalence is rapidly increasing following the pandemic rise in obesity. Although the causal relationship between obesity and high blood pressure (BP) is well established, the detailed mechanisms for such association are still under research...

AIM: To determine the associations between the Chinese visceral adiposity index (CVAI) and the risks of all-cause and cause-specific mortality. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 3 916 214 Chinese adults were enrolled in a nationwide population cohort covering all 31 provinces of mainland China. The CVAI was calculated based on age, body mass index, waist circumference, and triglyceride and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations. We used a Cox proportional hazards regression model to determine the hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for risk of mortality associated with different CVAI levels...

BACKGROUND: Obesity is a known cardiovascular risk factor and associated with higher postoperative complication rates in patients undergoing cardiac surgery. In heart failure (HF), conflicting evidence in terms of survival has been reported, whereas sarcopenia is associated with poor prognosis. An increasing number of HF patients require left ventricular assist device (LVAD) implantations. The postoperative mortality has improved in recent years but is still relatively high. The impact of body composition on outcome in this population remains unclear...

Increased adiposity of both visceral and perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) depots is associated with an increased risk of diabetes and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Under healthy conditions, PVAT modulates vascular tone via the release of PVAT-derived relaxing factors, including adiponectin and leptin. However, when PVAT expands with high-fat diet (HFD) feeding, it appears to contribute to the development of endothelial dysfunction (ED). Yet, the mechanisms by which PVAT alters vascular health are unclear...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Understanding the correlation of work ability (WA) and anthropometric indices with cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) risk factors among public sector employees (PSE) is vital for policy direction. This study examined the correlation between work ability, anthropometric indices, and cardiovascular risk factors among PSEs. METHODS: The cross-sectional study had 254 (mean age = 37.18 ± 10.34) PSE. A self-reported WA index was used to measure WA...

OBJECTIVES: This study investigated the effects of regular nutrition consultations on reducing risk factors, including body mass index, body composition, blood pressure, blood lipid profile, blood glucose-related markers, and inflammatory factors for cardiovascular diseases. METHODS: Data were collected from participants (n = 129) who completed eight dietary consultations and were divided into two groups according to the regularity of the consultations: an irregular group (with irregular consultation intervals; n = 39) and a regular group (accepted consultation once every 3 wk; n = 90)...

INTRODUCTION: New anthropometric indices have been developed as an alternative to body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) to assess body mass and visceral fat. Asymptomatic hyperuricemia is considered an independent cardiovascular risk factor. Currently, little is known about the relationship between asymptomatic hyperuricemia and several new anthropometric indices. This study aimed to assess the association between the presence of asymptomatic hyperuricemia and anthropometric indices, both novel and traditional...

BACKGROUND: This work aims to study the effect of reductions in various body mass components on the oxidative, glycemic, and lipid parameters of people with obesity (PWO). METHODS: A total of 53 PWO underwent a six-month individualized low-calorie diet combined with moderate exercise, during which anthropometric, biochemical, and oxidative parameters were measured. Probands were divided into groups based on weight, visceral fat area (VFA), total body water (TBW), and skeletal muscle mass (SMM) losses...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Obesity has been shown to be an independent risk factor for the development of CKD. Little is known about pathways of interaction of visceral fat mass estimated by waist circumference (WC) and metabolic factors with the renal and intraglomerular hemodynamic profile in healthy, non-obese individuals. METHODS AND RESULTS: The study population of this post-hoc analysis in 80 healthy individuals, who participated in a randomized, controlled clinical trial (www...

The health of post-menopausal women has become of paramount concern due to the aging of the world's population. Concurrently, the prevalence of obesity among postmenopausal women is expected to increase, presenting a significant public health challenge. Although weight gain during menopause is a well-observed phenomenon, its underlying causes and mechanisms remain incompletely understood. This manuscript reviews the literature to explore potential hormonal factors and pathomechanisms contributing to obesity during perimenopause, aiming to identify pathogenic factors that can guide treatment selection...