keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38525679/loss-of-daylength-sensitivity-by-splice-site-mutation-in-cannabis-pseudo-response-regulator
#21
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Keegan M Leckie, Jason Sawler, Paul Kapos, John O MacKenzie, Ingrid Giles, Katherine Baynes, Jessica Lo, Gregory J Baute, Jose M Celedon
Photoperiod insensitivity (auto-flowering) in drug-type Cannabis sativa circumvents the need for short day (SD) flowering requirements making outdoor cultivation in high latitudes possible. However, the benefits of photoperiod insensitivity are counterbalanced by low cannabinoid content and poor flower quality in auto-flowering genotypes. Despite recent studies in cannabis flowering, a mechanistic understanding of photoperiod insensitivity is still lacking. We used a combination of genome-wide association study and genetic fine-mapping to identify the genetic cause of auto-flowering in cannabis...
March 25, 2024: Plant Journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38524441/ultrasonic-or-microwave-modified-continuous-flow-chemistry-for-the-synthesis-of-tetrahydrocannabinol-observing-effects-of-various-solvents-and-acids
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Giovanni A Ramirez, Tesfay T Tesfatsion, Maite L Docampo-Palacios, Ivan Cruces, Adam J Hellmann, Alex Okhovat, Monica K Pittiglio, Kyle P Ray, Westley Cruces
Synthesizing tetrahydrocannabinol is a lengthy process with minimal yields and little applicability on an industrial scale. To close the gap between bench chemistry and industry process chemistry, this paper introduces a small-scale flow chemistry method that utilizes a microwave or ultrasonic medium to produce major tetrahydrocannabinol isomers. This process produces excellent yields and minimal side products, which leads to more efficient large-scale production of the desired cannabinoids.
March 19, 2024: ACS Omega
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38522237/involvement-of-cb-1-and-cb-2-receptors-in-neuroprotective-effects-of-cannabinoids-in-experimental-tdp-43-related-frontotemporal-dementia-using-male-mice
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Claudia Gonzalo-Consuegra, Irene Santos-García, Laura García-Toscano, Raquel Martín-Baquero, Carmen Rodríguez-Cueto, Matthias B Wittwer, Pawel Dzygiel, Uwe Grether, Eva de Lago, Javier Fernández-Ruiz
BACKGROUND: The elevation of endocannabinoid levels through inhibiting their degradation afforded neuroprotection in CaMKIIα-TDP-43 mice, a conditional transgenic model of frontotemporal dementia. However, which cannabinoid receptors are mediating these benefits is still pending to be elucidated. METHODS: We have investigated the involvement of the CB1 and the CB2 receptor using chronic treatments with selective ligands in CaMKIIα-TDP-43 mice, analysis of their cognitive deterioration with the Novel Object Recognition test, and immunostaining for neuronal and glial markers in two areas of interest in frontotemporal dementia...
March 23, 2024: Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38520815/vitamin-deficiencies-in-children-lessons-from-clinical-and-neuroimaging-findings
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Gabrielle Dupuy, Charles-Joris Roux, Rémi Barrois, Apolline Imbard, Clément Pontoizeau, Marie Thérèse Dangles, Mélodie Aubart, Jean-Baptiste Arnoux, Diane Margoses, Anaïs Brassier, Clothilde Marbach, Claire-Marine Bérat, Eugénie Sarda, Cyril Gitiaux, Pascale de Lonlay, Nathalie Boddaert, Manuel Schiff, Isabelle Desguerre
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Water-soluble vitamins play an essential coenzyme role in the nervous system. Acquired vitamin deficiencies are easily treatable, however, without treatment, they can lead to irreversible complications. This study aimed to provide clinical, laboratory parameters and neuroimaging data on vitamin deficiencies in an attempt to facilitate early diagnosis and prompt supplementation. METHODS: From July 1998 to July 2023, patients at Necker-Enfants-Malades Hospital presenting with acute neurological symptoms attributed to acquired vitamin deficiency were included...
February 26, 2024: European Journal of Paediatric Neurology: EJPN
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38520282/engineering-quorum-quenching-acylases-with-improved-kinetic-and-biochemical-properties
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kitty Sompiyachoke, Mikael H Elias
Many Gram-negative bacteria use N-acyl-L-homoserine lactone (AHL) signals to coordinate phenotypes such as biofilm formation and virulence factor production. Quorum-quenching enzymes, such as AHL acylases, chemically degrade these molecules which prevents signal reception by bacteria and inhibits undesirable biofilm-related traits. These capabilities make acylases appealing candidates for controlling microbes, yet candidates with high activity levels and substrate specificity and that are capable of being formulated into materials are needed...
April 2024: Protein Science
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38519748/a-systems-identification-approach-using-bayes-factors-to-deconstruct-the-brain-bases-of-emotion-regulation
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ke Bo, Thomas E Kraynak, Mijin Kwon, Michael Sun, Peter J Gianaros, Tor D Wager
Cognitive reappraisal is fundamental to cognitive therapies and everyday emotion regulation. Analyses using Bayes factors and an axiomatic systems identification approach identified four reappraisal-related components encompassing distributed neural activity patterns across two independent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies (n = 182 and n = 176): (1) an anterior prefrontal system selectively involved in cognitive reappraisal; (2) a fronto-parietal-insular system engaged by both reappraisal and emotion generation, demonstrating a general role in appraisal; (3) a largely subcortical system activated during negative emotion generation but unaffected by reappraisal, including amygdala, hypothalamus and periaqueductal gray; and (4) a posterior cortical system of negative emotion-related regions downregulated by reappraisal...
March 22, 2024: Nature Neuroscience
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38516998/-pantoea-ananatis-a-plant-growth-stimulating-bacterium-and-its-metabolites-isolated-from-hydrocotyle-umbellata-dollarweed
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kumudini M Meepagala, Caleb M Anderson, Natascha Techen, Stephen O Duke
A bacterium growing on infected leaves of Hydrocotyle umbellata , commonly known as dollarweed, was isolated and identified as Pantoea ananatis . An ethyl acetate extract of tryptic soy broth (TSB) liquid culture filtrate of the bacterium was subjected to silica gel chromatography to isolate bioactive molecules. Indole was isolated as the major compound that gave a distinct, foul odor to the extract, together with phenethyl alcohol, phenol, tryptophol, N -acyl-homoserine lactone, 3-(methylthio)-1-propanol, cyclo(L-pro-L-tyr), and cyclo(dehydroAla-L-Leu)...
December 31, 2024: Plant Signaling & Behavior
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38516989/misacylation-of-trna-with-ser-pro-dipeptide-for-in-vitro-transcription-translation
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Karla N Piedl, Paul J Arcoria, Felicia A Etzkorn
Serine-proline (Ser-Pro) backbone-modified dipeptide analogues are powerful tools to investigate the role of cis-trans isomerization in the regulation of the cell cycle and transcription. These studies have previously been limited to synthetic peptides, whose synthesis is a challenge for larger peptides due to the compounding yield loss incurred in each step. We now introduce a method for the aminoacylation of tRNA with dipeptides and dipeptide analogs to permit the installation of cis- and trans-locked Ser-Pro analogues into full-length proteins...
March 2024: Current protocols
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38516700/copper-stimulation-of-tetrahydrocannabinol-and-cannabidiol-production-in-hemp-cannabis-sativa-l-is-copper-type-dose-and-cultivar-dependent
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Meghan S Cahill, Terri Arsenault, Trung Huu Bui, Nubia Zuverza-Mena, Anuja Bharadwaj, Kitty Prapayotin-Riveros, Jason C White, Christian O Dimkpa
Copper (Cu) is an element widely used as a pesticide for the control of plant diseases. Cu is also known to influence a range of plant secondary metabolisms. However, it is not known whether Cu influences the levels of the major metabolites in hemp ( Cannabis sativa L.), tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD). This study investigated the impact of Cu on the levels of these cannabinoids in two hemp cultivars, Wife and Merlot, under field conditions, as a function of harvest time (August-September), Cu type (nano, bulk, or ionic), and dose (50, 100, and 500 ppm)...
March 22, 2024: Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38515705/investigating-the-alterations-of-endocannabinoidome-signaling-in-the-human-small-intestine-in-the-context-of-obesity-and-type-2-diabetes
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Volatiana Rakotoarivelo, Bénédicte Allam-Ndoul, Cyril Martin, Laurent Biertho, Vincenzo Di Marzo, Nicolas Flamand, Alain Veilleux
BACKGROUND: Human studies have linked obesity-related diseases, such as type-2 diabetes (T2D), to the modulation of endocannabinoid signaling. Cannabinoid CB1 and CB2 receptor activation by the endocannabinoids (eCBs) 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG) and N -arachidonoylethanolamine (AEA), both derived from arachidonic acid, play a role in homeostatic regulation. Other long chain fatty acid-derived endocannabinoid-like molecules have extended the metabolic role of this signaling system through other receptors...
March 30, 2024: Heliyon
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38514794/the-cb-1-receptor-interacts-with-cereblon-and-drives-cereblon-deficiency-associated-memory-shortfalls
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Carlos Costas-Insua, Alba Hermoso-López, Estefanía Moreno, Carlos Montero-Fernández, Alicia Álvaro-Blázquez, Irene B Maroto, Andrea Sánchez-Ruiz, Rebeca Diez-Alarcia, Cristina Blázquez, Paula Morales, Enric I Canela, Vicent Casadó, Leyre Urigüen, Gertrudis Perea, Luigi Bellocchio, Ignacio Rodríguez-Crespo, Manuel Guzmán
Cereblon/CRBN is a substrate-recognition component of the Cullin4A-DDB1-Roc1 E3 ubiquitin ligase complex. Destabilizing mutations in the human CRBN gene cause a form of autosomal recessive non-syndromic intellectual disability (ARNSID) that is modelled by knocking-out the mouse Crbn gene. A reduction in excitatory neurotransmission has been proposed as an underlying mechanism of the disease. However, the precise factors eliciting this impairment remain mostly unknown. Here we report that CRBN molecules selectively located on glutamatergic neurons are necessary for proper memory function...
March 21, 2024: EMBO Molecular Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38514005/food-preference-based-screening-method-for-identification-of-effectors-of-substance-use-disorders-using-caenorhabditis-elegans
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Aaron Taehwan Kim, Sida Li, Yoo Kim, Young-Jai You, Yeonhwa Park
Substance use disorder (SUD) affects over 61 million Americans aged 12 and over. Thus, identifying novel chemicals contributing to SUD will be critical for developing efficient prevention and mitigation strategies. Considering the complexity of the actions and effects of these substances on human behavior, a high-throughput platform using a living organism is ideal. We developed a quick and easy screening assay using Caenorhabditis elegans. C. elegans prefers high-quality food (Escherichia coli HB101) over low-quality food (Bacillus megaterium), with a food preference index of approximately 0...
March 19, 2024: Life Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38513777/elucidation-of-active-components-and-target-mechanism-in-jinqiancao-granules-for-the-treatment-of-prostatitis-and-benign-prostatic-hyperplasia
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Han Zhou, Tao Hou, Aijin Shen, Wenyi Yu, Liangliang Zhou, Wenjie Yuan, Wanxian Wang, Yumin Yao, Jixia Wang, Yanfang Liu, Xinmiao Liang
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Prostatitis and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) are inflammations of the prostate gland, which surrounds the urethra in males. Jinqiancao granules are a traditional Chinese medicine used to treat kidney stones and this medicine consists of four herbs: Desmodium styracifolium (Osbeck) Merr., Pyrrosia calvata (Baker) Ching, Plantago asiatica L. and stigma of Zea mays L. AIM OF THE STUDY: We hypothesized that Jinqiancao granules could be a potential therapy for prostatitis and BPH, and this work aimed to elucidate active compounds in Jinqiancao granules and their target mechanisms for the potential treatment of the two diseases...
March 19, 2024: Journal of Ethnopharmacology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38513529/analysis-of-drug-impregnated-paper-samples-seized-in-english-prisons-between-2018-and-2020
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Asena Avci Akca, Lewis Couchman, Anca Frinculescu, Atholl Johnston
Novel psychoactive substances (NPS) in the form of impregnated papers delivered to prisoners are of particular concern in prison settings, where they are commonly used by vaping. The purpose of this study was to create a qualitative method for identifying the various emerging NPS impregnated onto paper samples sent to prisoners. It helps to demonstrate that these findings can be used to predict drug prevalence and trends in prisons. Between 2018 and 2020, 1250 non-judicial paper samples seized from 12 English prisons were analysed to determine the NPSs being circulated...
March 19, 2024: Forensic Science International
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38512708/does-the-quantification-of-%C3%AE-9-tetrahydrocannabinolic-acid-a-in-serum-plasma-provide-any-additional-information-about-consumption-pattern-from-drivers-under-the-influence-of-cannabis
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lisa Höfert, Sven Baumann, Jan Dreßler, Susen Becker
Introduction: Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinolic acid A (THCA-A) is one of the main ingredients of cannabis plants and is converted to the psychoactive substance Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) by decarboxylation during heating above ∼90°C. During the consumption of cannabis, a varying proportion of THCA-A is absorbed into the body. Therefore, the quantification of THCA-A in serum/plasma might provide additional information on consumption behavior in driving under the influence of cannabis cases...
March 21, 2024: Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38511955/-pseudomonas-fuscovaginae-quorum-sensing-studies-5-dominates-cell-to-cell-conversations
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mihael Špacapan, Michael P Myers, Luca Braga, Vittorio Venturi
UNLABELLED: A common feature of N -acyl-l-homoserine lactone (AHL) quorum-sensing (QS) systems is that the AHL signal is autoinducing. Once induced, a cell will further amplify the signal via a positive feedback loop. Pseudomonas fuscovaginae UPB0736 has two fully functional AHL QS systems, called PfsI/R and PfvI/R, which are inactive in a standard laboratory setting. In this work, we induce the QS systems with exogenous AHL signals and characterize the AHL signal amplification effect and QS activation dynamics at community and single-cell level...
March 21, 2024: Microbiology Spectrum
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38511163/editorial-substance-abuse-and-the-microbiome
#37
EDITORIAL
Prakash Nagarkatti, Mitzi Nagarkatti, Shilpa Buch
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
2024: Adv Drug Alcohol Res
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38509580/neuroimaging-studies-of-cannabidiol-and-potential-neurobiological-mechanisms-relevant-for-alcohol-use-disorders-a-systematic-review
#38
REVIEW
Tristan Hurzeler, Joshua Watt, Warren Logge, Ellen Towers, Anastasia Suraev, Nicholas Lintzeris, Paul Haber, Kirsten C Morley
The underlying neurobiological mechanisms of cannabidiol's (CBD) management of alcohol use disorder (AUD) remains elusive.Aim We conducted a systematic review of neuroimaging literature investigating the effects of CBD on the brain in healthy participants. We then theorise the potential neurobiological mechanisms by which CBD may ameliorate various symptoms of AUD.Methods This review was conducted according to the PRISMA guidelines. Terms relating to CBD and neuroimaging were used to search original clinical research published in peer-reviewed journals...
March 21, 2024: Journal of cannabis research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38508408/cannabidiol-and-it-fluorinate-analog-pecs-101-reduces-hyperalgesia-and-allodynia-in-trigeminal-neuralgia-via-trpv1-receptors
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Daniela Maria Escobar-Espinal, Airam Nicole Vivanco-Estela, Núbia Barros, Maurício Dos Santos Pereira, Francisco Silveira Guimaraes, Elaine Del Bel, Glauce C Nascimento
Trigeminal neuralgia (TN) is an intense and debilitating orofacial pain. The gold standard treatment for TN is carbamazepine. This antiepileptic drug provides pain relief with limited efficacy and side effects. To study the antinociceptive potential of cannabidiol (CBD) and its fluorinated analog PECS-101 (former HUF-101), we induced unilateral chronic constriction injury of the infraorbital nerve (IoN-CCI) in male Wistar rats. Seven days of treatment with CBD (30 mg/kg), PECS-101 (3, 10, and 30 mg/kg), or carbamazepine (10 and 30 mg/kg) reduced allodynia and hyperalgesia responses...
March 19, 2024: Progress in Neuro-psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38507844/in-silico-exploration-of-cb2-receptor-agonist-in-the-management-of-neuroinflammatory-conditions-by-pharmacophore-modeling
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Shlok Bodke, Nachiket Joshi, Rajasekhar Reddy Alavala, Divya Suares
Endocannabinoid system plays a pivotal role in controlling neuroinflammation, and modulating this system may not only aid in managing symptoms of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Multiple sclerosis, Epilepsy, Central and Peripheral neuropathic pain, but also, have the potential to target these diseases at an early-stage. In the present study, six different pharmacophore hypotheses were generated from Cannabidiol (CBD)-Cannabinoid Receptor subtype-2 (CB2) and then Zinc database was screened for identification of hit molecules...
March 10, 2024: Computational Biology and Chemistry
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