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Francisco R Klein, Julia Klein, Diego Otalora Lozano, Carlos Vigliano
We present the case of a lung transplant candidate under veno-venous membrane oxygenation assistance (VV ECMO) whose diagnosis of emphysema of undetermined etiology was redefined as Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) due to a scalp skin biopsy performed years after the beginning of his respiratory symptoms. A 20-year-old patient started three years before his admission with progressive dyspnea leading to a diagnosis of bullous emphysema of undetermined cause, which evolved into respiratory failure and evaluation for bilateral lung transplant...
February 2024: Curēus
#22
REVIEW
A Satyanarayan Naidu, Chin-Kun Wang, Pingfan Rao, Fabrizio Mancini, Roger A Clemens, Aman Wirakartakusumah, Hui-Fang Chiu, Chi-Hua Yen, Sebastiano Porretta, Issac Mathai, Sreus A G Naidu
SARS-CoV-2, the etiological agent of COVID-19, is devoid of any metabolic capacity; therefore, it is critical for the viral pathogen to hijack host cellular metabolic machinery for its replication and propagation. This single-stranded RNA virus with a 29.9 kb genome encodes 14 open reading frames (ORFs) and initiates a plethora of virus-host protein-protein interactions in the human body. These extensive viral protein interactions with host-specific cellular targets could trigger severe human metabolic reprogramming/dysregulation (HMRD), a rewiring of sugar-, amino acid-, lipid-, and nucleotide-metabolism(s), as well as altered or impaired bioenergetics, immune dysfunction, and redox imbalance in the body...
March 30, 2024: NPJ science of food
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Franciele Plachi, Fernanda Machado Balzan, Ricardo Gass, Kimberli D Käfer, Artur Zanelatto Santos, Marcelo Basso Gazzana, JAlberto Neder, Danilo C Berton
The causes and consequences of excess exercise ventilation (EEV) in patients with fibrosing interstitial lung disease (f-ILD) were explored. Twenty-eight adults with f-ILD and 13 controls performed an incremental cardiopulmonary exercise test. EEV was defined as ventilation-carbon dioxide output (⩒E-⩒CO2 ) slope ≥36L/L. Patients showed lower pulmonary function and exercise capacity compared to controls. Lower DLCO was related to higher ⩒E-⩒CO2 slope in patients (P<0.05)...
March 28, 2024: Respiratory Physiology & Neurobiology
#24
REVIEW
Mihai Lazar, Mihai Sandulescu, Ecaterina Constanta Barbu, Cristina Emilia Chitu-Tisu, Darie Ioan Andreescu, Andreea Nicoleta Anton, Teodora Maria Erculescu, Alexandru Mihai Petre, George Theodor Duca, Vladimir Simion, Isabela Felicia Padiu, Cosmina Georgiana Pacurar, Ruxandra Rosca, Teodor Mihai Simian, Constantin Adrian Oprea, Daniela Adriana Ion
SARS-CoV-2 infection is a significant health concern that needs to be addressed not only during the initial phase of infection but also after hospitalization. This is the consequence of the various pathologies associated with long COVID-19, which are still being studied and researched. Lung fibrosis is an important complication after COVID-19, found in up to 71% of patients after discharge. Our research is based on scientific articles indexed in PubMed; in the selection process, we used the following keywords: "lung fibrosis", "fibrosis mediators", "fibrosis predictors", "COVID-19", "SARS-CoV-2 infection", and "long COVID-19"...
March 13, 2024: Biomedicines
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hao Wu, Min Xia, Xu Chen, Sheng Wang, Wei Zhang
The most common complication during esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) under sedation is hypoxemia. There is a scarcity of indicators to predict the risk of hypoxemia during EGD under sedation accurately. The width of the lower tongue base measured by ultrasound (US) is considered to be a significant predictor of the presence and severity of obstructive sleepapnea syndrome (OSAS), which develops hypoxemia by a similar mechanism to EGD under sedation. This study aimed to observe its ability to predict hypoxemia during EGD under sedation...
January 30, 2024: Medical Ultrasonography
#26
REVIEW
Yitianhe Xu, Leyao Lv, Qian Wang, Qing Yao, Longfa Kou, Hailin Zhang
Acute lung injury (ALI) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) are serious lung injuries caused by various factors, leading to increased permeability of the alveolar-capillary barrier, reduced stability of the alveoli, inflammatory response, and hypoxemia. Despite several decades of research since ARDS was first formally described in 1967, reliable clinical treatment options are still lacking. Currently, supportive therapy and mechanical ventilation are prioritized, and there is no medication that can be completely effective in clinical treatment...
March 21, 2024: Colloids and Surfaces. B, Biointerfaces
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jing Li, Qingfang Yu, Zhao Jian, Tianpo Li, Xiaojiao Jiang, En Li
OBJECTIVE: To systematically assess the impact of prone position ventilation on hypoxemia in patients following extracorporeal cardiac surgery and to establish a reference for further clinical investigation into effective post-surgery mechanical ventilation positions. METHODS: A meta-analysis was conducted through extensive database searches, focusing on randomized controlled trials of cardiopulmonary bypass in hypoxic patients meeting specific inclusion and exclusion criteria...
March 22, 2024: Alternative Therapies in Health and Medicine
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ebrahim Kelil Umer, Abel Tezera Abebe, Yabets Tesfaye Kebede, Nardos Tilahun Bekele
BACKGROUND: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a serious complication of the Corona Virus Disease of 2019 (COVID-19). However, data on its magnitude and risk factors among hospitalized patients in Ethiopia is limited. This study aimed to determine the magnitude of AKI and associated factors among patients admitted for severe COVID-19 pneumonia. METHODS: An institution-based retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted among 224 patients admitted to Jimma University Medical Center in Ethiopia for severe COVID-19 pneumonia from May 2020 to December 2021...
March 20, 2024: BMC Nephrology
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Frederik M Nielsen, Thomas L Klitgaard, Martin Siegemund, Jon H Laake, Katrin M Thormar, Jade M Cole, Søren R Aagaard, Anne-Marie G Bunzel, Stine R Vestergaard, Peter K Langhoff, Caroline H Pedersen, Josefine Ø Hejlesen, Salim Abdelhamid, Anna Dietz, Caroline E Gebhard, Nuria Zellweger, Alexa Hollinger, Lone M Poulsen, Sarah Weihe, Nina C Andersen-Ranberg, Ulf G Pedersen, Ole Mathiesen, Anne Sofie Andreasen, Helene Brix, Jonas J Thomsen, Christina H Petersen, Morten H Bestle, Sine Wichmann, Martin S Lund, Karoline M Mortensen, Björn A Brand, Nicolai Haase, Susanne A Iversen, Klaus V Marcussen, Anne C Brøchner, Morten Borup, Thorbjørn Grøfte, Thomas Hildebrandt, Maj-Brit N Kjær, Janus Engstrøm, Theis Lange, Anders Perner, Olav L Schjørring, Bodil S Rasmussen
IMPORTANCE: Supplemental oxygen is ubiquitously used in patients with COVID-19 and severe hypoxemia, but a lower dose may be beneficial. OBJECTIVE: To assess the effects of targeting a Pao2 of 60 mm Hg vs 90 mm Hg in patients with COVID-19 and severe hypoxemia in the intensive care unit (ICU). DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: Multicenter randomized clinical trial including 726 adults with COVID-19 receiving at least 10 L/min of oxygen or mechanical ventilation in 11 ICUs in Europe from August 2020 to March 2023...
March 19, 2024: JAMA
#30
Abdalhai Alshoubi, Farris Al-Qawasmi
Priapism, characterized by prolonged and painful penile erection, is a rare urological emergency with diverse etiologies. We present a case of refractory ischemic priapism following hemodialysis in a 57-year-old male with a history of type II diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and end-stage renal disease. Despite standard conservative management, the patient's condition persisted, necessitating penile distal shunting through an intracorporeal dilatation plus Al-Ghorab corporoglandular shunt. Blood gas analysis of corpus cavernosum blood revealed severe acidosis and hypoxemia, emphasizing the systemic impact of ischemic priapism...
February 2024: Curēus
#31
Hiroki Taenaka, Katherine D Wick, Aartik Sarma, Shotaro Matsumoto, Rajani Ghale, Xiaohui Fang, Mazharul Maishan, Jeffrey E Gotts, Charles R Langelier, Carolyn S Calfee, Michael A Matthay
Background: Streptococcus pneumoniae is the most common bacterial cause of community acquired pneumonia and the acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Some clinical trials have demonstrated a beneficial effect of corticosteroid therapy in community acquired pneumonia, COVID-19, and ARDS, but the mechanisms of this benefit remain unclear. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of corticosteroids on the pulmonary biology of pneumococcal pneumonia in an observational cohort of mechanically ventilated patients and in a mouse model of bacterial pneumonia with Streptococcus pneumoniae ...
February 21, 2024: Research Square
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Alireza Asgari, Mohammadreza Parak, Yazdan Hasani Nourian, Mostafa Ghanei
Exposure to phosgene, a colourless poisonous gas, can lead to various health issues including eye irritation, a dry and burning throat, vomiting, coughing, the production of foamy sputum, difficulty in breathing, and chest pain. This systematic review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the clinical manifestations and treatment of phosgene toxicity by systematically analyzing available literature. The search was carried out on various scientific online databases to include related studies based on inclusion and exclusion criteria with the use of PRISMA guidelines...
February 1, 2024: Cell Journal
#33
REVIEW
Richard Greendyk, Rahul Kanade, Madhavi Parekh, Darryl Abrams, Philippe Lemaitre, Cara Agerstrand
BACKGROUND: The use of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) for patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) has increased substantially. With modern trials supporting its efficacy, ECMO has become an important tool in the management of severe ARDS. OBJECTIVES: The objectives of this paper are to discuss ECMO physiology and configurations used for patients with ARDS, review evidence supporting the use of ECMO for ARDS, and discuss aspects of management during ECMO...
March 8, 2024: Medizinische Klinik, Intensivmedizin und Notfallmedizin
#34
REVIEW
Z M Fang, Y B Wang, Z D Ding, F K Li, K Zhao, G F Zhao
Objective: To summarize and analyze the clinical features, treatment, and prognosis of pulmonary artery stenosis post-lung transplantation. Methods: A 62-year-old male patient was admitted to the hospital with a cough and chest tightness of over a year's duration, which had worsened in the last two months, leading to the diagnosis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. The clinical data were observed and reviewed post-left allograft single lung transplantation. Literature searches were conducted using the keywords "lung transplantation" "stenosis, pulmonary artery" and "postoperative complications" in CNKI, Wanfang Medical Network, and PubMed databases up to December 2022...
March 12, 2024: Chinese Journal of Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
K Uluç, E Akkütük Öngel, N Köylü İlkaya, Ö Devran, Ş M Çolakoğlu, H Kutbay Özçelik
OBJECTIVE: Fiberoptic bronchoscopy (FOB) is widely used in the intensive care unit for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. Our study aimed to evaluate FOB's indications, complications, and clinical outcomes in our intensive care unit's mechanically ventilated patients and identify the microorganisms grown in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) specimens. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Between January 1, 2022, and June 30, 2023, a total of 332 FOBs were performed on 178 patients in the respiratory intensive care unit...
February 2024: European Review for Medical and Pharmacological Sciences
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
André Nicolai Elias da Silva, Gustavo Henrique Pereira Dutra, André Augusto Justo, Giuliano Souza Mendonça de Araujo, Thais Feres Bressan, Adriano Bonfim Carregaro
The aim of this study was to determine the minimum anesthetic concentration of isoflurane (MACISO ) and sevoflurane (MACSEVO ) and evaluate the cardiorespiratory changes induced by varying fractions of inspired oxygen (FiO2 ) in Magellanic penguins (Spheniscus magellanicus). Twenty adult penguins (3.53 ± 0.44 kg) of undetermined sex were used. Both MACISO (n = 9) and MACSEVO (n = 13) were established using an up-and-down design. Next, twelve mechanically ventilated penguins were maintained at 1 MACISO or 1 MACSEVO (n = 6 per group) with the FiO2 initially set at 1...
March 4, 2024: Veterinary Research Communications
#37
REVIEW
Stephen E Lapinsky, Daniela N Vasquez
Respiratory failure may affect up to 1 in 500 pregnancies, due to pregnancy-specific conditions, conditions aggravated by the pregnant state, or other causes. Management during pregnancy is influenced by altered maternal physiology, and the presence of a fetus influencing imaging, and drug therapy choices. Few studies have addressed the approach to invasive mechanical ventilatory management in pregnancy. Hypoxemia is likely harmful to the fetus, but precise targets are unknown. Hypocapnia reduces uteroplacental circulation, and some degree of hypercapnia may be tolerated in pregnancy...
April 2024: Critical Care Clinics
#38
REVIEW
Elizabeth Levy, John P Reilly
Acute respiratory failure relies on supportive care using non-invasive and invasive oxygen and ventilatory support. Pharmacologic therapies for the most severe form of respiratory failure, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), are limited. This review focuses on the most promising therapies for ARDS, targeting different mechanisms that contribute to dysregulated inflammation and resultant hypoxemia. Significant heterogeneity exists within the ARDS population. Treatment requires prompt recognition of ARDS and an understanding of which patients may benefit most from specific pharmacologic interventions...
April 2024: Critical Care Clinics
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Qian Li, Min Shi, Yang Ang, Pan Yu, Bing Wan, Bin Lin, Wei Chen, Zichuan Yue, Yadan Shi, Faqi Liu, Hao Wang, Manlin Duan, Yun Long, Hongguang Bao
Septic lung injury is characterized by uncontrollable inflammatory infiltrations and acute onset bilateral hypoxemia. Evidence has emerged of the beneficial effect of hydrogen in acute lung injury (ALI), but the underlying mechanism is unclear. In this research, the recovery action of hydrogen on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced ALI in mice and A549 cells was investigated. The 7-day survival rate and body weight of mice were measured after intraperitoneal injection of LPS. Lung function was determined by a whole body plethysmography (WBP) system using the indicators respiratory rate and enhanced pause...
February 29, 2024: Molecular Immunology
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
John C Grotberg, Jon Greenberg, Mary Sullivan, Amit A Pawale, Kunal D Kotkar, Muhammad F Masood
BACKGROUND: A subset of patients with COVID-19 acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) require extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). Veno-pulmonary (VP) ECMO provides support to the right ventricle and decreased risk of recirculation. METHODS: A retrospective analysis of patients with COVID-19 ARDS and VP ECMO was performed. Patients were separated into groups by indication (1) "right ventricular (RV) failure," (2) "refractory hypoxemia," and (3) "recurrent suck-down events (SDEs)...
February 28, 2024: International Journal of Artificial Organs
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