keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38007342/variable-long-term-protection-by-radiation-chemo-and-genetically-attenuated-plasmodium-berghei-sporozoite-vaccines
#21
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Diana Moita, Helena Nunes-Cabaço, Catarina Rôla, Blandine Franke-Fayard, Chris J Janse, António M Mendes, Miguel Prudêncio
Long-term protection against malaria remains one of the greatest challenges of vaccination against this deadly parasitic disease. Whole-sporozoite (WSp) malaria vaccine formulations, which target the Plasmodium parasite's pre-erythrocytic stages, include radiation-attenuated sporozoites (RAS), early- and late-arresting genetically-attenuated parasites (EA-GAP and LA-GAP, respectively), and chemoprophylaxis with sporozoites (CPS). Although all these four vaccine formulations induce protective immune responses in the clinic, data on the longevity of the antimalarial protection they afford remain scarce...
November 24, 2023: Vaccine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37980415/characterization-of-brca2-r3052q-variant-in-mice-supports-its-functional-impact-as-a-low-risk-variant
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Arun Prakash Mishra, Suzanne Hartford, Rajani Kant Chittela, Sounak Sahu, Suhas S Kharat, Lucia Alvaro-Aranda, Aida Contreras-Perez, Teresa Sullivan, Betty K Martin, Mary Albaugh, Eileen Southon, Sandra Burkett, Baktiar Karim, Aura Carreira, Lino Tessarollo, Shyam K Sharan
Pathogenic variants in BRCA2 are known to significantly increase the lifetime risk of developing breast and ovarian cancers. Sequencing-based genetic testing has resulted in the identification of thousands of BRCA2 variants that are considered to be variants of uncertain significance (VUS) because the disease risk associated with them is unknown. One such variant is p.Arg3052Gln, which has conflicting interpretations of pathogenicity in the ClinVar variant database. Arginine at position 3052 in BRCA2 plays an important role in stabilizing its C-terminal DNA binding domain...
November 18, 2023: Cell Death & Disease
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37914138/mettl3-mediated-sting-upregulation-and-activation-in-kupffer-cells-contribute-to-radiation-induced-liver-disease-via-pyroptosis
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Biao Wang, Yang Zhang, Hao Niu, Xiaomei Zhao, Genwen Cheng, Qianqian Zhao, Guifen Ma, Shisuo Du, Zhaochong Zeng
PURPOSE: Radiation therapy is a vital adjuvant treatment for liver cancer, although the challenge of radiation-induced liver diseases (RILDs) limits its implementation. Kupffer cells (KCs) are a crucial cell population of the hepatic immune system and their biological function can be modulated by multiple epigenetic RNA modifications, including N6-methyladenosine (m6A) methylation. However, the mechanism for m6A methylation in KC-induced inflammatory response in RILD remains unclear. The present study investigated the function of m6A modification in KCs contributing to RILD...
October 30, 2023: International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology, Physics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37894281/the-current-evidence-of-intensity-modulated-radiotherapy-for-hepatocellular-carcinoma-a-systematic-review-and-meta-analysis
#24
REVIEW
Won Il Jang, Sunmi Jo, Ji Eun Moon, Sun Hyun Bae, Hee Chul Park
Intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT), an advanced RT technique, is a considerable treatment option for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the distinguishing features of IMRT for HCC have not yet been clearly defined. A systematic review was performed according to the guidelines of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses. The PubMed/MedLine, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and KoreaMed were used to screen eligible studies focusing on treatment outcomes after IMRT for HCC until 18 April 2023...
October 10, 2023: Cancers
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37876857/preventing-new-onset-heart-failure-intervening-at-stage-a
#25
REVIEW
Bharathi Upadhya, Shriram Hegde, Manasi Tannu, R Brandon Stacey, Andreas Kalogeropoulos, Douglas D Schocken
Heart failure (HF) prevention is an urgent public health need with national and global implications. Stage A HF patients do not show HF symptoms or structural heart disease but are at risk of HF development. There are no unique recommendations on detecting Stage A patients. Patients in Stage A are heterogeneous; many patients have different combinations of risk factors and, therefore, have markedly different absolute risks for HF. Comprehensive strategies to prevent HF at Stage A include intensive blood pressure lowering, adequate glycemic and lipid management, and heart-healthy behaviors (adopting Life's Essential 8)...
December 2023: American journal of preventive cardiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37875245/novel-tumor-organoid-based-mouse-model-to-study-image-guided-radiation-therapy-of-rectal-cancer-after-non-invasive-and-precise-endoscopic-implantation
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hannah Felchle, Valentina Brunner, Tanja Groll, Caroline N Walther, Sophie M Nefzger, Antonio E Zaurito, Miguel G Silva, Julia Gissibl, Geoffrey J Topping, Laura Lansink Rotgerink, Dieter Saur, Katja Steiger, Stephanie E Combs, Markus Tschurtschenthaler, Julius C Fischer
PURPOSE: Preoperative (neoadjuvant) radiation therapy (RT) is an essential part of multimodal rectal cancer therapy. Recently, total neoadjuvant therapy (TNT) which combines simultaneous radio-chemotherapy with additional courses of chemotherapy (CTx) has emerged as an effective approach. TNT achieves a pathological complete remission in approximately 30% of resected patients, opening avenues for treatment strategies that avoid radical organ resection. Furthermore, recent studies have demonstrated that anti-PD-1 immunotherapy (IT) can induce clinical complete responses in patients with specific genetic alterations...
October 22, 2023: International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology, Physics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37872946/tissue-specific-expression-of-senescence-biomarkers-in-spontaneously-hypertensive-rats-evidence-of-premature-aging-in-hypertension
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ratthapon Somsura, Kanokwan Kamkajon, Khuanjit Chaimongkolnukul, Surachai Chantip, Jarinthorn Teerapornpuntakit, Kannikar Wongdee, Nuntaporn Kamonsutthipaijit, Suwimol Tangtrongsup, Nattapon Panupinthu, Wacharaporn Tiyasatkulkovit, Narattaphol Charoenphandhu
BACKGROUND: Cellular senescence is an age-related physiological process that contributes to tissue dysfunction and accelerated onset of chronic metabolic diseases including hypertension. Indeed, elevation of blood pressure in hypertension coincides with premature vascular aging and dysfunction. In addition, onsets of metabolic disturbance and osteopenia in patients with hypertension have also been reported. It is possible that hypertension enhances premature aging and causes progressive loss of function in multiple organs...
2023: PeerJ
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37814303/tissue-fibrosis-induced-by-radiotherapy-current-understanding-of-the-molecular-mechanisms-diagnosis-and-therapeutic-advances
#28
REVIEW
Zuxiang Yu, Chaoyu Xu, Bin Song, Shihao Zhang, Chong Chen, Changlong Li, Shuyu Zhang
Cancer remains the leading cause of death around the world. In cancer treatment, over 50% of cancer patients receive radiotherapy alone or in multimodal combinations with other therapies. One of the adverse consequences after radiation exposure is the occurrence of radiation-induced tissue fibrosis (RIF), which is characterized by the abnormal activation of myofibroblasts and the excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix. This phenotype can manifest in multiple organs, such as lung, skin, liver and kidney...
October 9, 2023: Journal of Translational Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37785427/sintilimab-sbrt-and-gm-csf-for-metastatic-nsclc-a-prospective-multicenter-phase-ii-trial
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
J Ni, L Wu, Q Chu, C Han, X Ai, X Dong, Z Zhu
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S): PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors have transformed the therapeutic landscape in metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, the objective response rate (ORR) remains limited in unselected population. Incorporating SBRT to PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors may improve treatment efficacy and the anti-tumor immunity induced by SBRT may be enhanced by GM-CSF, which plays a pivotal role in dendritic cell differentiation and maturation. The current trial (NCT04106180) is the first prospective, multicenter, phase II study assessing the safety and efficacy of a PD-1 inhibitor (Sintilimab), SBRT and GM-CSF in metastatic NSCLC patients without sensitizing driver mutations...
October 1, 2023: International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology, Physics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37785262/outcomes-of-consolidative-thoracic-radiation-within-first-line-chemoimmunotherapy-in-extensive-stage-small-cell-lung-cancer-results-from-a-single-cancer-center
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Y Li, W Jing, X Jing, Y Sun, X Tang, J Guo, Y Zhang, H Zhu
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S): Thoracic radiation (TRT) benefits local control undoubtedly and survival with some minor controversy in extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC) patients undergoing radiotherapy in the chemoradiotherapy era. However, whether TRT could further enhance the benefit of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) maintenance on outcomes in the immunotherapy era is still unclear. This study aims to investigate the role of consolidative TRT in ES-SCLC patients receiving first-line chemoimmunotherapy followed by immunotherapy maintenance...
October 1, 2023: International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology, Physics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37785219/the-japanese-nationwide-cohort-data-of-proton-beam-therapy-for-liver-oligometastasis-in-breast-cancer-patients
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
H Yamaguchi, N Fukumitsu, H Numajiri, H Ogino, T Okimoto, T Ogino, T Nishimura
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S): A nationwide multicenter cohort study on particle therapy was launched by the Japanese Society for Radiation Oncology (JASTRO) in Japan. We analyzed the outcome of proton beam therapy (PBT) for liver oligometastasis in breast cancers. MATERIALS/METHODS: Cases in which PBT was performed at all Japanese proton therapy facilities between May 2016 and February 2019 were enrolled. The patients were selected based on the following criteria: the primary cancer was controlled, liver recurrence without extrahepatic tumors, and no more than three liver lesions...
October 1, 2023: International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology, Physics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37785111/how-the-underlying-etiology-of-cirrhosis-impacts-response-to-sbrt
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
E Isaac, R J Taylor, E C Fields
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S): In the US, incidence rates of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) have more than tripled and death rates have doubled since 1980. In 2022, it is expected for 41,260 new cases to be diagnosed with 30,520 deaths. Many etiologies contribute to the development of HCC including alcoholic cirrhosis, cryptogenic cirrhosis, HCV, HBV, NASH, and genetic disorders like hereditary hemochromatosis. An increasing number of patients are not candidates for curative options such as resection or transplant and the role of alternative liver directed as therapies has increased...
October 1, 2023: International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology, Physics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37784894/role-of-atp-binding-cassette-subfamily-a-member-1-abca1-in-chemoradiotherapy-induced-renal-injury
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
A Ahmad, M Ali, R Levy, R Stone, A Pollack
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S): Radiation therapy (RT) alone or combined with chemotherapy reduces cholesterol efflux and causes chronic kidney disease (CKD). There is no treatment for CKD except renal replacement strategies such as dialysis or transplantation. We hypothesize that cancer treatment-induced ABCA1 deficiency leads to dysregulation of cholesterol metabolism, making podocytes susceptible and cancerous cells resistant to treatment-induced injuries. MATERIALS/METHODS: To quantify the cell index of LNCaP, 786-0, and Podcytes were grown in an e-plate reader (Roche) for 24 h and then were treated with either enzalutamide (10µM) or sunitinib (1...
October 1, 2023: International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology, Physics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37784794/a-phase-ii-randomized-double-blind-placebo-controlled-study-of-the-safety-and-efficacy-of-a-caffeine-based-antifibrosis-cream-in-patients-with-breast-cancer-undergoing-radiation-therapy
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
C Hardy Abeloos, A Solan, C A Perez, O G Maisonet, B A Cronstein, R A Adler, J Goldberg, N K Gerber
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S): Radiation induced fibrosis (RIF) is a common long term adverse event in patients undergoing post-mastectomy radiation therapy (PMRT) which can cause capsular contracture, implant loss, and reconstruction complications in women with implant-based breast reconstruction. At a molecular level, adenosine is a driver of RIF. Preclinical data have shown that pharmacologic blockade of the adenosine A2A Receptor (A2A R) in mice as well as an A2AR knockout mouse model prevented skin fibrosis associated with radiation injury...
October 1, 2023: International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology, Physics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37784646/whole-liver-radiotherapy-for-multiple-liver-metastases-in-thoracic-malignancies
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Y L Chen, T F Liu, W Y Liao, F M Hsu
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S): Liver metastases (LM) are common in advanced thoracic cancer patients with dismal oncological outcomes. Even in the modern era of novel systemic therapy, LM led to a 21% increased mortality risk compared with those without. Options for progressive multiple LM after systemic therapy are limited. Therefore, a different treatment modality is urgently needed to overcome such a predicament. Herein, we renovate the classical whole liver radiotherapy (WLRT) and evaluate its efficacy and safety in treating thoracic cancer patients with progressive multiple LM...
October 1, 2023: International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology, Physics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37784463/progression-directed-therapy-in-oligoprogressive-castration-refractory-prostate-cancer-results-of-the-prospective-single-arm-phase-ii-medcare-trial
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
K Rans, C Berghen, S Joniau, K Goffin, R De Roover, G De Meerleer
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S): Next-line systemic treatment (NEST) for progressive metastatic castration-refractory prostate cancer (mCRPC) is associated with significant costs and non-negligible toxicity. For oligoprogressive (OP) disease, defined as the appearance of up to 3 progressive and/or new lesions and/or local recurrence on conventional imaging, progression-directed therapy (PDT) may prolong the efficacy of ongoing systemic therapy and delay initiation of NEST. OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether PDT could postpone NEST in patients with OP mCRPC in the prospective, single-arm, monocentric MEDCARE trial...
October 1, 2023: International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology, Physics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37778426/clinical-and-dosimetric-results-of-proton-or-photon-radiotherapy-for-large-5-cm-hepatocellular-carcinoma-a-retrospective-analysis
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Rodney Cheng-En Hsieh, Ching-Hsin Lee, Hsiao-Chieh Huang, Shu-Wei Wu, Chen-Yu Chou, Sheng-Ping Hung, Chao-Wei Lee, Sunil Krishnan, Bhanu Prasad Venkatesulu, Jin-Chiao Lee, Yung-Chih Chou, Kun-Ming Chan, Po-Ting Lin, Wei-Chen Lee, Chen-Chun Lin, Shen-Yen Lin, Ji-Hong Hong
PURPOSE: To report the clinical and dosimetric attributes of patients with large unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) undergoing proton or photon radiotherapy. METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed the outcomes and dosimetric indices of 159 patients with >5 cm non-metastatic HCC who underwent definitive radiotherapy using either protons (N=105) or photons (N=54) between 2014 and 2018. Additional photon plans were performed in the 105 proton-treated patients using the same dose prescription criteria for intragroup dosimetric comparison...
September 29, 2023: International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology, Physics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37760560/comparing-predicted-toxicities-between-hypofractionated-proton-and-photon-radiotherapy-of-liver-cancer-patients-with-different-adaptive-schemes
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lena Nenoff, Atchar Sudhyadhom, Jackson Lau, Gregory C Sharp, Harald Paganetti, Jennifer Pursley
With the availability of MRI linacs, online adaptive intensity modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) has become a treatment option for liver cancer patients, often combined with hypofractionation. Intensity modulated proton therapy (IMPT) has the potential to reduce the dose to healthy tissue, but it is particularly sensitive to changes in the beam path and might therefore benefit from online adaptation. This study compares the normal tissue complication probabilities (NTCPs) for liver and duodenal toxicity for adaptive and non-adaptive IMRT and IMPT treatments of liver cancer patients...
September 15, 2023: Cancers
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37748817/certolizumab-induced-liver-injury-as-assessed-for-causality-by-the-updated-rucam
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Muna Shakhashiro, Rachel Crasta, Faiza Javed
We report a case of a woman in her 30s with a history of cholecystectomy, hypertension, type 2 diabetes and rheumatoid arthritis on methotrexate and certolizumab who presented with epigastric pain radiating to the right upper quadrant. Laboratory findings revealed significantly elevated liver enzymes consistent with hepatocellular liver injury. The hepatocellular pattern of liver injury, negative autoimmune serologies and improvement on cessation of certolizumab were consistent with drug-induced hepatotoxicity...
September 25, 2023: BMJ Case Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37739315/a-prospective-registry-study-of-stereotactic-magnetic-resonance-guided-radiotherapy-mrgrt-for-primary-liver-tumors
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Karl Bordeau, Morgan Michalet, Valérie Dorion, Aïcha Keskes, Simon Valdenaire, Pierre Debuire, Marie Cantaloube, Morgane Cabaillé, Roxana Draghici, Marc Ychou, Eric Assenat, Marta Jarlier, Sophie Gourgou, Boris Guiu, José Ursic-Bedoya, Norbert Aillères, Pascal Fenoglietto, David Azria, Olivier Riou
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) has demonstrated safe and effective results for primary liver tumors. Magnetic Resonance guided Radiotherapy (MRgRT) is an innovative radiotherapy modality for abdominal tumors. The aim of this study is to report on acute and late toxicities and initial oncological results for primary liver tumors treated with MRgRT. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We prospectively included in our cohort all patients treated by MRgRT for a primary liver tumor at the Montpellier Cancer Institute...
September 20, 2023: Radiotherapy and Oncology
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