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• keyword#1
Sameer A Pathan, Biswadev Mitra, Salman Mirza, Umais Momin, Zahoor Ahmed, Lubna G Andraous, Dharmesh Shukla, Mohammed Y Shariff, Magid M Makki, Tinsy T George, Saad S Khan, Stephen H Thomas, Peter A Cameron
OBJECTIVE: The ability of emergency physicians (EP) to identify hydronephrosis using point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) has been assessed in the past using CT scans as the reference standard. We aimed to determine the ability of EP for identifying and grading of hydronephrosis on POCUS using the consensus interpretation of POCUS by emergency radiologists as the reference standard. METHODS: The study was conducted at an urban academic emergency department (ED) as a secondary analysis of previously collected ultrasound data from the EP performed POCUS-databank...
April 16, 2018: Academic Emergency Medicine: Official Journal of the Society for Academic Emergency Medicine
#2
Grazia Licciardello, Andrea Caruso, Patrizia Bella, Rodolpho Gheleri, Cinzia P Strano, Alice Anzalone, Emmanouil A Trantas, Panagiotis F Sarris, Nalvo F Almeida, Vittoria Catara
Cyclic lipopeptides (CLPs) are considered as some of the most important secondary metabolites in different plant-associated bacteria, thanks to their antimicrobial, cytotoxic, and surfactant properties. In this study, our aim was to investigate the role of the Quorum Sensing (QS) system, PcoI/PcoR, and the LuxR-type transcriptional regulator RfiA in CLP production in the phytopatogenic bacterium, Pseudomonas corrugata based on our previous work where we reported that the pcoR and rfiA mutants were devoid of the CLPs cormycin and corpeptin production...
2018: Frontiers in Microbiology
#3
Yuanting Zhu, Chengtao Wang, Sisi Jia, Boyang Wang, Kang Zhou, Shujuan Chen, Yong Yang, Shuliang Liu
In the present study, an exopolysaccharide (EPS)-producing strain SJ14 isolated from Sichuan paocai was identified as Weissella cibaria, with a typical ropy phenotype. W. cibaria SJ14 possessed good capabilities of acid production, salt tolerance, and nitrite depletion. The crude polysaccharides were obtained from the culture supernatant of strain SJ14 and further fractionated by DEAE-Sepharose Fast Flow ion-exchange and Sephadex G-100 size-exclusion chromatography. Consequently, two acidic EPS fractions (EPS-1 and EPS-3) were obtained with the average molecular weights of 7...
April 13, 2018: International Journal of Biological Macromolecules
#4
Juliane Mendes Lemos Blainski, Argus Cesar da Rocha Neto, Eder Carlos Schimidt, José Afonso Voltolini, Márcio José Rossi, Robson Marcelo Di Piero
This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of exopolysaccharides (EPS) produced by Lactobacillus plantarum in controlling bacterial spot and eliciting defense mechanisms, and verify alterations in the tomato plant physiological responses. Tomato plants with five definitive leaves were sprayed with EPS, acibenzolar-S-methyl (ASM, positive control), or distilled water (negative control) and inoculated with Xanthomonas gardneri after 3 days. Local and systemic protection was evaluated 7, 15, and 21 days after inoculation...
April 14, 2018: Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology
#5
Sunil Kumar Sahu, Ping Zheng, Nan Yao
Rice ( Oryza sativa ) is the leading source of nutrition for more than half of the world's population, and by far it is the most important commercial food crop. But, its growth and production are significantly hampered by the bacterial pathogen Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) which causes leaf blight disease. Earlier studies have reported the antibacterial ability of FDA-approved niclosamide drug against Xoo. However, the underlying mechanism by which niclosamide blocks the growth of Xoo remained elusive...
2018: Frontiers in Plant Science
#6
Nitai Steinberg, Gili Rosenberg, Alona Keren-Paz, Ilana Kolodkin-Gal
Bacteria in nature are usually found in complex multicellular structures, called biofilms. One common form of a biofilm is pellicle -a floating mat of bacteria formed in the water-air interphase. So far, our knowledge on the basic mechanisms underlying the formation of biofilms at air-liquid interfaces is not complete. In particular, the co-occurrence of motile cells and extracellular matrix producers has not been studied. In addition, the potential involvement of chemical communication in pellicle formation remained largely undefined...
2018: Frontiers in Microbiology
#7
Yoav Michowitz, Anat Milman, Georgia Sarquella-Brugada, Antoine Andorin, Jean Champagne, Pieter G Postema, Ruben Casado-Arroyo, Eran Leshem, Jimmy Jm Juang, Carla Giustetto, Jacob Tfelt-Hansen, Yanushi D Wijeyeratne, Christian Veltmann, Domenico Corrado, Sung-Hwan Kim, Pietro Delise, Shingo Maeda, Jean-Baptiste Gourraud, Frederic Sacher, Philippe Mabo, Yoshihide Takahashi, Tsukasa Kamakura, Takeshi Aiba, Giulio Conte, Aviram Hochstadt, Yuka Mizusawa, Michael Rahkovich, Elena Arbelo, Zhengrong Huang, Isabelle Denjoy, Carlo Napolitano, Ramon Brugada, Leonardo Calo, Silvia G Priori, Masahiko Takagi, Elijah R Behr, Fiorenzo Gaita, Gan-Xin Yan, Josep Brugada, Antoine Leenhardt, Arthur A M Wilde, Pedro Brugada, Kengo F Kusano, Kenzo Hirao, Gi-Byoung Nam, Vincent Probst, Bernard Belhassen
BACKGROUND: The literature on fever related arrhythmic events (AE) in Brugada syndrome (BrS) is currently limited to few case reports and small series. OBJECTIVE: The current study aims to describe the characteristics of fever-related AE in a large cohort of BrS patients. METHODS: SABRUS is a multicenter study on 678 BrS patients with first AE documented at time of aborted cardiac arrest (ACA) (n=426) or after prophylactic ICD implantation (n=252)...
April 9, 2018: Heart Rhythm: the Official Journal of the Heart Rhythm Society
#8
Oluwole K Oyebamiji, Darren J Wilkinson, Pahala Gedara Jayathilake, Steve P Rushton, Ben Bridgens, Bowen Li, Paolo Zuliani
We investigate the feasibility of using a surrogate-based method to emulate the deformation and detachment behaviour of a biofilm in response to hydrodynamic shear stress. The influence of shear force, growth rate and viscoelastic parameters on the patterns of growth, structure and resulting shape of microbial biofilms was examined. We develop a statistical modelling approach to this problem, using combination of Bayesian Poisson regression and dynamic linear models for the emulation. We observe that the hydrodynamic shear force affects biofilm deformation in line with some literature...
2018: PloS One
#9
Andrew M Slupe, Jessica Minnier, Merritt H Raitt, Ignatius Gerardo E Zarraga, Karen S MacMurdy, Peter M Jessel
BACKGROUND: Dexmedetomidine (Dex) is an attractive agent for procedural sedation due to its unique pharmacodynamic profile, specifically affording predictable sedation without concurrent respiratory depression. However, Dex has previously been reported to prevent or terminate arrhythmias. The purpose of this study was to investigate paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia (PSVT) inducibility and homeostatic stability during electrophysiology studies (EPSs) and ablation when a standardized Dex protocol was used as the primary sedation agent...
April 11, 2018: Anesthesia and Analgesia
#10
Lin-Rui Tan, Peng-Fei Xia, Raymond J Zeng, Qian Li, Xue-Fei Sun, Shu-Guang Wang
The interactions between antibiotics and microorganisms have attracted enormous research attentions. In this study, we investigated the effects of two typical aminoglycoside antibiotics on the aggregation of the model cyanobacterium, Synechococcus elongatus, and the dominating strain in algal blooms, Microcystis aeruginosa, via the analysis of zeta potentials, hydrophobicity, and extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) secretion. The results showed that low-level antibiotics promoted the aggregation of S. elongatus and M...
April 11, 2018: Environmental Science and Pollution Research International
#11
Yingying Dou, Biao Tang, Jan Groenewold, Fahong Li, Qiao Yue, Rui Zhou, Hui Li, Lingling Shui, Alex Henzen, Guofu Zhou
Oil motion control is the key for the optical performance of electro-fluidic displays (EFD). In this paper, we introduced an extra pinning structure (EPS) into the EFD pixel to control the oil motion inside for the first time. The pinning structure canbe fabricated together with the pixel wall by a one-step lithography process. The effect of the relative location of the EPS in pixels on the oil motion was studied by a series of optoelectronic measurements. EPS showed good control of oil rupture position. The properly located EPS effectively guided the oil contraction direction, significantly accelerated switching on process, and suppressed oil overflow, without declining in aperture ratio...
April 6, 2018: Sensors
#12
Sathishkumar Ramamoorthy, Ananthan Gnanakan, Senthil S Lakshmana, Moovendhan Meivelu, Arun Jeganathan
In the present study, extracellular polysaccharides (EPS) producing bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis RSK CAS4 was isolated from ascidian Didemnum granulatum and its production was optimized by response surface methodology. Fructose and galactose were found as the major monosaccharides in the EPS from the strain RSK CAS4. Functional groups and structural characteristics of the EPS were characterized with FT-IR and1 HNMR. The purified EPS showed potent antioxidant properties in investigation against DPPH, hydroxyl, superoxide free radicals...
June 15, 2018: Carbohydrate Polymers
#13
REVIEW
Klai Nouha, Ram Saurabh Kumar, Sellamuthu Balasubramanian, Rajeshwar Dayal Tyagi
Extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) produced by microorganisms represent biological macromolecules with unfathomable potentials and they are required to be explored further for their potential application as a bioflocculant in various wastewater sludge treatment. Although several studies already exist on biosynthetic pathways of different classical biopolymers like alginate and xanthan, no dedicated studies are available for EPS in sludge. This review highlights the EPS composition, functionality, and biodegradability for its potential use as a carbon source for production of other metabolites...
April 2018: Journal of Environmental Sciences (China)
#14
Li-Juan Feng, Jing-Jing Wang, Shu-Chang Liu, Xiao-Dong Sun, Xian-Zheng Yuan, Shu-Guang Wang
Microplastics and nanoplastics in aquatic systems have become a global concern because of their persistence and adverse consequences to ecosystems and potentially human health. Though wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) are considered a potential source of microplastics in the environment, the role of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) of activated sludge on the fate of nanoplastics is not clear. In this study, the role of EPS in the influence of polystyrene nanoparticles (PS-NPs) on the endogenous respiration of activated sludge was investigated for the first time...
April 5, 2018: Environmental Pollution
#15
Joyati Das, Priyabrata Sarkar
Arsenic, a carcinogenic and toxic contaminant of soil and water, affects human health adversely. During last few decades, it has been an important global environmental issue. Among several arsenic detoxification methods remediation using arsenic resistant microbes is proved to be environment-friendly and cost-effective. This study aimed to test the effects of arsenic utilizing bacterial strain Acinetobacter lwoffii (RJB-2) on arsenic uptake and growth of mung bean plants (Vigna radiata). RJB-2 exhibited tolerance up to 125mM of arsenic (V) and 50mM of arsenic (III)...
May 15, 2018: Science of the Total Environment
#16
Dinesh Kumar Mehta, Rina Das
Continued emergence and spread of multidrug- resistant bacteria behooved the development of alternative treatment strategies, including antimicrobial drugs. A hopeful approach is to target cell-to-cell communications, commonly known as quorum-sensing (QS) and microbial biofilm formation. Quorum Sensing is machinery used by bacteria to determine their physiological behavior and coordinate gene expression based on the cell to cell signaling. Many physiological functions of bacteria are controlled by quorum sensings such as virulence, motility, sporulation, luminescence, and biofilm formation...
April 5, 2018: Current Drug Targets
#17
Bartłomiej Jacek Bińkowski, Marcin Makowski, Paweł Kubiński, Andrzej Lubiński
PURPOSE: Antazoline is a first-generation antihistaminic agent with additional anticholinergic properties and antiarrhythmic potential. Recent data shows its high effectiveness in sinus rhythm restoration among patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation. The effect of antazoline on electrophysiological parameters of the heart in vivo has not yet been examined. The aim of this study was to evaluate changes in electrophysiological parameters of the heart muscle and conduction system as a response to increasing doses of antazoline...
April 6, 2018: Cardiovascular Drugs and Therapy
#18
Florent Gobert, Frederic Dailler, Catherine Fischer, Nathalie André-Obadia, Jacques Luauté
OBJECTIVES: Several studies have shown that bilateral abolition of somatosensory evoked potentials after a nontraumatic coma has 100% specificity for nonawakening with ethical consequences for active care withdrawal. We propose to evaluate the prognostic value of bilateral abolished cortical components of SEPs in severe vascular coma. METHODS: A total of 144 comatose patients after subarachnoid haemorrhage were evaluated by multimodal evoked potentials (EPs); 7 patients presented a bilateral abolition of somatosensory and auditory EPs...
March 17, 2018: Clinical Neurophysiology: Official Journal of the International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology
#19
Boqiang Qin, Guijun Yang, Jianrong Ma, Tingfeng Wu, Wei Li, Lizhen Liu, Jianming Deng, Jian Zhou
Lake Taihu is a large shallow eutrophic lake with frequent recurrence of cyanobacterial bloom which has high variable distribution in space and time. Based on the field observations and remote sensing monitoring of cyanobacterial bloom occurrence, in conjunction with laboratory controlled experiments of mixing effects on large colony formation and colonies upward moving velocity measurements, it is found that the small or moderate wind-induced disturbance would increase the colonies size and enable it more easily to overcome the mixing and float to water surface rapidly during post-disturbance...
2018: Frontiers in Microbiology
#20
Nadja Radchenkova, Ivanka Boyadzhieva, Nikolina Atanasova, Annarita Poli, Ilaria Finore, Paola Di Donato, Barbara Nicolaus, Ivan Panchev, Margarita Kuncheva, Margarita Kambourova
Halophilic microorganisms are producers of a lot of new compounds whose properties suggest promising perspectives for their biotechnological exploration. Moderate halophilic bacterium Chromohalobacter canadensis 28 was isolated from Pomorie salterns as an extracellular polymer substance (EP) producer. The best carbon source for extracellular polymer production was found to be lactose, a sugar received as a by-product from the dairy industry. After optimization of the culture medium and physicochemical conditions for cultivation, polymer biosynthesis increased more than 2-fold...
April 3, 2018: Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology
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