Peripheral blood smear

The present research aimed to document the incidence, clinical signs, haematological, and serum biochemical alterations, as well as electrocardiography and echocardiography findings in 62 buffaloes (selected from a total of 240) infected with Trypanosoma evansi. The study spanned one year, from January 2022 to December 2022. Morphological identification of Trypanosoma evansi was done by the presence of a centrally positioned nucleus with a small sub-terminal kinetoplast at the posterior position through microscopic examination of Giemsa stained peripheral blood smears...

Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a rare and life-threatening condition that results from excessive immune activation and inflammation. This condition may be triggered by various factors, including infections, malignancies, or autoimmune diseases. Here, we report the case of a 39-year-old male who developed HLH secondary to T-cell lymphoma and had a history of multiple autoimmune disorders. Our patient presented with shortness of breath and weakness which led to an admission for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia...

A 6-year-old spayed female Scottish Fold cat presented with lethargy and anorexia. A complete blood cell count indicated severe anemia and mild thrombocytopenia. Examination of peripheral blood smears revealed marked changes in the erythroid lineage, including the presence of basophilic stippling and Howell-Jolly bodies as well as an increase in nucleated erythrocytes, polychromatophils, ovalocytes, and schistocytes. Additionally, some erythrocytes contained a ring or figure-eight shaped structure known as a Cabot ring, which were especially observed in polychromatophilic erythrocytes...

A model construction of systemic acute leukemia is challenging. Herein, we established a systemic leukemia mouse model using highly immunodeficient NPG mice without any immunosuppressive treatments. NPG mice received tail intravenous injection of SHI-1 cells at the concentration of 1×107 cells (group A) or 5×107 cells (group B) and randomly sacrificed each seven days post-inoculation. Tumor development was monitored using nested-PCR, peripheral blood-smear analysis, flow cytometry, pathological examinations, and immunohistochemistry...

Hematologists evaluate alterations in blood cell enumeration and morphology to confirm peripheral blood smear findings through manual microscopic examination. However, routine peripheral blood smear analysis is both time-consuming and labor-intensive. Here, we propose using smartphone-based autofluorescence microscopy (Smart-AM) for imaging label-free blood smears at subcellular resolution with automatic hematological analysis. Smart-AM enables rapid and label-free visualization of morphological features of normal and abnormal blood cells (including leukocytes, erythrocytes, and thrombocytes)...

Haemogregarine (Apicomplexa: Adeleorina) parasites are considered to be the most common and widespread haemoparasites in reptiles. The genus Hepatozoon (Apicomplexa: Adeleorina: Hepatozoidae) can be found parasitizing a broad range of species and, in reptiles, they infect mainly peripheral blood erythrocytes. The present study detected and characterized a haemogregarine isolated from the lizard species, Ameiva ameiva , collected from the municipality of Capanema, Pará state, north Brazil. Blood smears and imprints from lungs, brain, heart, kidney, liver, bone marrow and spleen were observed using light microscopy and the parasite was genetically identified by molecular analysis...

INTRODUCTION: The definition of primary plasma cell leukemia (pPCL) has been revised from ≥20% to ≥5% circulating plasma cells (CPC). However, the precise prognosis associated with CPC remains controversial. This study aimed to investigate prognostic biomarkers for myeloma patients based on CPC presence. METHODS: A comprehensive analysis was conducted on 309 consecutive patients diagnosed with either multiple myeloma or pPCL, utilizing peripheral blood smears stained with Wright-Giemsa...

BACKGROUND: Blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm (BPDCN) is a rare hematologic malignancy arising from precursor dendritic cells. It is a rare and challenging clinical presentation. For decades, there has been no treatment course for managing BPDCN and its overall prognosis is poor. METHODS AND RESULTS: We report a 27-year-old man who was admitted to the hospital due to an orbital tumor as the first symptom. Progressive enlargement of the orbital tumor was accompanied by multiple purple circular nodules on the body trunk...

BACKGROUND: The immature platelet fraction (IPF), a parameter obtained by the Sysmex XN-1000V analyzer, is used in humans to differentiate between central (CEN) and peripheral (PER) thrombocytopenia (TP) but has not been evaluated in small animals. OBJECTIVES: Compare IPF between healthy, clinical non-TP and TP dogs and cats, study IPF in different causes of TP in dogs and cats and, establish IPF reference intervals (RIs), and study the effect of age and sex on IPF in healthy dogs and cats...

Malaria can present with clinical manifestations overlapping with thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP). We present the case of a 55-year-old female who presented with abdominal pain, fever, confusion, dehydration, and recent travel to Nigeria. Laboratory investigations were remarkable for low hemoglobin, decreased platelets, and elevated lactate. Suspicion for TTP occurred when the patient's platelet count and hemoglobin progressively decreased along with acute kidney injury and confusion. There was an elevated ADAMTS13 antibody level and mildly reduced ADAMTS13 activity suggesting possible TTP...

Leukocytes, also called White Blood Cells (WBCs) or leucocytes, are the cells that play a pivotal role in human health and are vital indicators of diseases such as malaria, leukemia, AIDS, and other viral infections. WBCs detection and classification in blood smears offers insights to pathologists, aiding diagnosis across medical conditions. Traditional techniques, including manual counting, detection, classification, and visual inspection of microscopic images by medical professionals, pose challenges due to their labor-intensive nature...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Scrub typhus is an acute febrile illness transmitted by the bite of trombiculid mite in the larval stage. Scrub typhus is rare in pregnancy and there is paucity of data on the clinical outcome of scrub typhus during pregnancy. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We present five cases of scrub typhus complicating pregnancy who were admitted in the obstetric ward at AIIMS Rishikesh, India during the antenatal period for management. RESULTS: The first patient presented at term pregnancy in semiconscious state while the rest were preterm between 31 and 34 weeks period of gestation...

The major cause of neonatal mortality and morbidity is bacterial sepsis. Blood culture is the most reliable method in neonatal sepsis. This study was conducted to study the usefulness of hematological parameters in the early diagnosis of neonatal sepsis and to assess the most sensitive and specific variables in diagnosing neonatal sepsis. This prospective study was conducted in a tertiary care hospital from January 2017 to January 2018. Peripheral blood smears were prepared from patients with clinical suspicion of sepsis or predisposing perinatal factors for sepsis and stained with Field's stain and examined...

This case report presents a rare and intriguing clinical scenario involving a 63-year-old male with recurrent left-sided hydroureteronephrosis, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia presenting with fatigue, dyspnea, and weight loss. Laboratory findings revealed anemia, basophilic stippling, spherocytosis, and nucleated red blood cells on the peripheral blood smear, raising concerns for hemolysis. Concomitant iron deficiency anemia led to further investigations, revealing gastritis and a colonic mass. A CT scan revealed splenomegaly with an accessory spleen...

Herbaspirillum huttiense is an opportunistic pathogen associated with rare cases of bacteremia. In this case report, H huttiense was isolated from blood samples collected from an intravenous catheter (incubated for 20.8 hours) and a peripheral vein (incubated for 14.16 hours) of a lung adenocarcinoma patient. Positive blood culture bottles were subjected to smear preparation, and Gram staining and microscopic examination revealed the presence of gram-negative rods in both aerobic bottles. We used the VITEK MS automatic microbial mass spectrometry system, VITEK 2 Compact automatic microbial analysis system, and high-throughput nucleic acid sequencing for accurate identification of the isolate...

A 71-year-old female with relapsed IgA lambda myeloma developed progressive cytopenia. The peripheral blood film showed 5% blastoid cells. Flow cytometry analysis was indicative of plasma cells. The bone marrow smear was packed with plasmablasts. Target CD138-cell FISH and molecular karyotyping identified a complex genome. NGS identified high-risk mutations. Bone marrow histology confirmed myeloma with no evidence of acute leukaemia. The patient was diagnosed with plasmablastic progression of myeloma and secondary PCL...

In severe acute malnutrition, micronutrient deficiency as well as protein energy malnutrition is a major obstacle to growth & development. Iron deficiency dominates the spectrum of nutritional anemia. After taking informed consent, 211 SAM children and 211 age-and sex-matched healthy children with normal nutritional status were enrolled for the study. MUAC was used to diagnose SAM. A 5-part automated hematoanalyzer was used to measure the complete blood count and red cell indices, and the peripheral smear method to determine the red cell morphology...

Leukemia is a class of hematologic malignancies, of which acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is the most common. Screening and diagnosis of AML are performed by microscopic examination or chemical testing of images of the patient's peripheral blood smear. In smear-microscopy, the ability to quickly identify, count, and differentiate different types of blood cells is critical for disease diagnosis. With the development of deep learning (DL), classification techniques based on neural networks have been applied to the recognition of blood cells...

The diagnosis of lymphoma is based on histopathological and immunophenotypical features. CD5 and CD10 are traditionally considered a T-cell antigen and a germinal center B-cell antigen, respectively. It is very unusual for a low-grade B-cell lymphoma (BCL) to co-express CD5 and CD10. Although the biologic basis or clinical significance of such co-expression is unclear, this rare event may pose a significant diagnostic challenge. Here, we report a case of a 63-year-old male presenting with bilateral cervical lymphadenopathy and lymphocytosis...

This paper highlights a clinical case of sepsis caused by soft tissue infection. Peripheral blood smear, plasma value of inflammatory biomarkers and the white blood cells count were performed. Significant morphological changes were revealed through peripheral blood smear test two days after patient admission. Patient developed septic shock after the third day in intensive care unit (ICU). Laboratory results showed major morphological changes (erythrocytes deformity, abnormal neutrophils); these were correlated with elevated plasma value of interleukin-6 and procalcitonin...