"ectopic thyroid"

KEY CLINICAL MESSAGE: Whenever an enlarging mass is seen in throat, possibility of lingual thyroid should be considered. Thyroid function test should be done whenever ectopic thyroid is detected. Imaging (ultrasonography or Tc-99m scintigraphy) is adequate for diagnosis. Conservative treatment with levothyroxine helps in reducing size of lingual thyroid. ABSTRACT: Hashimoto thyroiditis in lingual thyroid results in enlargement of the thyroid gland and oropharyngeal symptoms...

Thyroid cancer is usually treated with surgical intervention followed by ablative radiotherapy if indicated to eliminate any metastases. Five-year survival rates are 99% for papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) and 82% for medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC). The chances of survival decrease significantly with two simultaneous types of cancers and with male gender. PTC and MTC present as different entities. The coexistence of different types of thyroid carcinoma in a patient is a rare event. We report the case of a 45-year-old Saudi male with a rare synchronous occurrence of PTC in the thyroid gland, along with ectopic MTC with a unique prognosis over the years...

BACKGROUND: With the continuous discovery of new borderline thyroid lesions and benign and malignant "gray areas", coupled with the limitations of traditional immune indicators, the differential diagnosis of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) has become more difficult. Cyclin D1 and P21 are cell cycle regulators involved in the occurrence and metastasis of multiple tumors, including PTC, but their specific functions are unclear. METHODS: In our study, immunohistochemical staining was used to explore the expression of Cyclin D1 and P21 in PTC, paracancerous tissue, follicular adenoma (FA) and papillary thyroid hyperplasia...

Ectopic thyroid is a rare malformation induced by a migration defect in the developing gland during embryogenesis. In 90% of cases, the ectopic thyroid is located in the lingual region, whereas it is extremely rare in the abdominal cavity, particularly in the pancreas. A 50-year-old female patient presented to the Taizhou First People's Hospital with a complaint of recurrent mid-lower abdominal pain and diarrhea for approximately a month. The abdominal computed tomography scan revealed a space-occupying lesion with abundant blood supply in the head of the pancreas during the consultation...

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A pararectal mass' specific diagnosis can be challenging as a broad range of both benign and malignant tumors are possible. Many of these lesions are congenital and do not require treatment, if asymptomatic. Special attention is to be paid when imaging findings are not typical. In such cases, definitive diagnostic can require surgical excision. To this day, ectopic thyroid tissue was not part of known differential diagnosis. This is the first reported case of thyroid adenoma found in the perirectal area. Ectopic thyroid gland can progress over time and include malignant transformation, although rare...

KEY CLINICAL MESSAGE: This rare diagnosis highlights the importance of anatomical and embryological knowledge in the differential diagnosis of neck masses. ABSTRACT: A 41-year-old woman was referred to the head and neck surgery department because of a large midline neck mass at the level of the hyoid bone that was diagnostic for functioning thyroid tissue in a totally ectopic location.

Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma is a rare, aggressive form of thyroid carcinoma with a mean survival of less than 6 months. Ectopic thyroid tissue can be present in the mediastinum due to faulty embryogenesis with improper descent. Primary thyroid malignancies may arise from this ectopic tissue. A 90-year-old male with a history of prostatic adenocarcinoma, hypothyroidism, and occupational and therapeutic exposure to radiation presented with a rash on his chest. A review of the dermatopathology and excised mediastinal specimen revealed rare papillary foci that tested positive for thyroid markers from a background of poorly differentiated components...

Ectopic thyroid is well-known pathology for several decades. Many locations have been described. Nowadays, only three cases of skull base location have been described in literature. In our case, we reported a single case of a 39-year-old male presenting with a supra-sellar and suprachiasmatic location. He presented no clinical symptoms, no endocrine alteration on biology and no skull base invasion which make this case unique compared to actual literature. Such diagnosis should always be an exclusion diagnosis as secondary neoplastic should be first ruled out...

Ectopic thyroid tissue is rare and generally occurs along the thyroglossal duct or in lateral cervical region. We reported 18F-FDG and 68Ga-FAPI findings of a 28-year-old woman with previously diagnosed BRAF-mutated lateral lymph node metastasis of unknown primary site. Low 18F-FDG but increased 68Ga-FAPI uptake was seen in a submental pretracheal nodular lesion. Postsurgical pathologic report verified the diagnosis of ectopic papillary thyroid carcinoma. High FAP expression in the tumor sample corresponded to its imaging manifestations...

OBJECTIVE: The ultrasonic diagnosis of cervical and facial cystic masses, as well as cases of missed diagnosis and misdiagnosis, was examined, to improve the diagnosis of branchial cleft anomalies. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 17 patients with branchial cleft cyst anomalies, including 11 males and 6 females, aged 12-53 years, with an average age of 33 ± 2 years, were unilateral single. All patients who underwent an ultrasound examination and image storage for retrospective analysis, and both longitudinal and transverse sections were scanned to observe the shape, size, boundary, peripheral relationship, and blood flow signal of the masses...

Thyroid gland is an endocrine gland playing a major role in energy and phosphocalcic metabolism, among others. It commonly occurs in the anterior cervical and pretracheal region. Ectopic thyroid is quite rare. It is dominated by ectopic basilingual thyroid. We here report the case of a patient with goiter in normal cervical position (eutopic) and ectopic thyroid tissue in basicervical position. Cervicotomy revealed the ectopic nodule and the diagnosis was confirmed by histology. This clinical case illustrates a differential diagnosis of cervical masses...

Lateral aberrant thyroid(LAT) belongs to subset of ectopic thyroid, mostly presenting as asymptomatic lateral neck swelling and are challenging to diagnose without histopathological examination. Malignant transformation in LAT is even rare and is best managed by surgical excision. Here, we report a case of papillary carcinoma of LAT, but with an unusual post-operative finding, revealing papillary carcinoma of thyroglossal duct cyst.

This article reports an older woman with a 2-year history of enlarging submental neck mass. Head and neck imaging displayed a group with a solid central component. Additionally, a fine-needle aspiration suggested neoplasia. Thyroglossal duct cyst cancer is sporadic, accounting for ˂1% of all thyroid malignancies. A Sistrunk procedure was followed by a total thyroidectomy and unilateral neck dissections. From histological and immunohistochemical examinations, the incidental finding of carcinoma indicates the diagnosis of thyroid tissue thyroglossal duct cyst carcinoma, as it is the most common site for malignancy in ectopic thyroid tissue...

Lateral neck lesions in children are common and involve various infectious or inflammatory etiologies as well as embryological remnants such as branchial cleft cysts. Although unusual, ectopic thyroid tissue can also present as a lateral neck mass. Here, we present an unusual case of a 15-year-old girl treated for an asymptomatic lateral neck mass that after surgical removal was found to be papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). However, after removal of the thyroid gland, no primary thyroid tumor was found. The question arose whether the lateral neck lesion was a lymph node metastasis without identifiable primary tumor (at histological evaluation) or rather malignant degeneration of ectopic thyroid tissue...

BACKGROUND: Pericardial effusions are one of the most common cardiac diseases in dogs. Common causes of haemorrhagic pericardial effusions include neoplasia, such as hemangiosarcoma, mesothelioma, chemodectoma, and ectopic thyroid tumours, and benign idiopathic pericardial effusion. Distinguishing among reactive mesothelial cells, malignant mesothelioma, and adenocarcinoma in body effusions is a diagnostic challenge. Therefore, the author aimed to discover whether the observed cells were reactive mesothelial, mesothelioma, or adenocarcinoma cells through immunocytochemistry using five markers (cytokeratin, vimentin, desmin, E-cadherin, and calretinin) in a canine patient...

INTRODUCTION: Thyroglossal duct cysts (TGDC) are the commonest midline developmental cyst and have a bimodal age distribution. They usually develop in an infrahyoid position. A National survey of TGDC practice among otolaryngologists in 2012 recommended preoperative investigation with ultrasound, with or without blood tests. METHODS: Retrospective analysis of preoperative investigation for clinically diagnosed TGDC surgeries between 2012 and 2020 in a single tertiary centre was undertaken...

Ectopic thyroid tissue is a rare condition manifested as the appearance of thyroid tissue outside the thyroid gland. Here, we report a case of ectopic thyroid tissue in the breast. A 48-year-old Chinese woman who was diagnosed with breast cancer received modified radical mastectomy. A thyroid tissue was found on subsequent pathological examination. The ectopic thyroid tissue was confirmed by immunohistochemistry staining of thyroid biomarkers, including thyroglobulin, thyroid transcription factor-1, and thyroid peroxidase...

99m Tc-sestamibi scintigraphy localizes parathyroid adenoma as a persistent focus of uptake on delayed images, whereas thyroid glands in normal or ectopic locations are seen on only early images and wash out on delayed images. We report a case of absence of eutopic neck thyroid activity and synchronous ectopic lingual thyroid and mediastinal parathyroid adenoma on scintigraphy confirmed with CT.

A 56-year-old man presented with a history of hypertension; clinically, the patient had primary aldosteronism (PA) and a 4-cm left adrenal tumor. The left adrenal glands, resected by adrenalectomy, also contained ectopic thyroid tissue (ETT). An immunohistochemical analysis of steroid-converting enzymes revealed an aldosterone-producing adenoma (APA). Among 19 previously reported cases of adrenal ETT, 4 had adrenal hormonal abnormalities, all of which were PA. This is the first case of adrenal ETT coexisting with APA, confirmed by steroid-converting enzyme expression...