Chronic migraines

OBJECTIVES: Investigation of chronic homocysteine action on the excitability and N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) sensitivity of the peripheral trigeminovascular system of rats. BACKGROUND: Migraine is a neurological disease that affects 15%-20% of the general population. Epidemiological observations show that an increase of the sulfur-containing amino acid homocysteine in plasma-called hyperhomocysteinemia-is associated with a high risk of migraine, especially migraine with aura...

BACKGROUND: Chronic migraine (CM) negatively impacts the quality of life of 2 to 4% of pediatric patients. In adults, CM is frequently linked to medication overuse headache (MOH), but there is a much lower prevalence of MOH in children. A suboptimal response to acute therapies may lead to their reduced use, thus preventing MOH development in children and adolescents. The frequency of patients with CM who do not respond to acute therapies was examined in the present study. We investigated whether the prevalence of MOH was different between responders and non-responders...

OBJECTIVE: In this retrospective cross-sectional real-world evidence study from the Danish Headache Center (DHC), a national tertiary headache center in Denmark, we sought to identify potential pharmacological agents for the treatment of new daily persistent headache (NDPH). BACKGROUND: NDPH is an enigmatic headache disorder with abrupt onset and chronic duration for which evidence-based treatments are lacking. NDPH is a diagnosis of exclusion, for which secondary headaches must be ruled out and the etiology remains idiopathic...

BACKGROUND: Migraine is the second most common prevalent disorder worldwide and is a top cause of disability with a substantial economic burden. Many preventive migraine medications have notable side effects that affect different body organs. METHOD: We systematically searched for published randomised controlled trials (RCTs) using terms for migraine/headache and preventive medications. Using eligibility criteria, two reviewers independently assessed the articles...

Migraine is a disease with a high prevalence and incidence, in addition to being highly disabling, causing a great impact on the patient's quality of life at a personal, family and work level, but also social, given its high expense due to its direct (care) and indirect (presenteeism and work absenteeism) costs. The multiple and recent developments in its pathophysiological knowledge and in its therapy require updating and, therefore, in this article the Spanish scientific societies most involved in its study and treatment (SEN, SEMFYC and SEMERGEN), together with the Association Spanish Association for Patients with Migraine and other Headaches (AEMICE), we have developed these updated care recommendations...

BACKGROUND: Despite the recognised high prevalence of migraines among bank employees, yet their healthcare utilisation patterns and the economic burden of migraines remain underexplored. AIM: To examine migraine-related healthcare utilisation among bank employees in China, and to estimate the economic burden of migraines. METHODS: A cross-sectional survey was conducted in Guizhou province, China between May and October 2022. The HARDSHIP questionnaire was used to identify migraine-positive individuals and enquire about their healthcare utilisation and productivity losses...

RATIONALE: Fibromyalgia (FM) is characterized by idiopathic persistent chronic pain in the ligaments or musculoskeletal system, and more than half of the patients with FM might have migraine headaches. Direct musculoskeletal intervention could be a non-pharmacological management to relieve symptoms. However, patients with severe FM often have intense pain from only a soft touch, thereby rendering musculoskeletal intervention challenging. PATIENT CONCERNS: A 47-year-old man had progressing intense pain, and this affected his everyday life...

BACKGROUND: Migraine is a highly prevalent neurological disease with a substantial societal burden due to lost productivity. From a societal perspective, we assessed the cost-effectiveness of eptinezumab for the preventive treatment of migraine. METHODS: An individual patient simulation of discrete competing events was developed to evaluate eptinezumab cost-effectiveness compared to best supportive care for adults in the United Kingdom with ≥ 4 migraine days per month and prior failure of ≥ 3 preventive migraine treatments...

Migraine is a disease of neurovascular origin that affects the quality of life of more than one billion people and ranks sixth among the most common diseases in the world. Migraine is characterized by a moderate or severe recurrent and throbbing headache, accompanied by nausea, vomiting, and photo-phonophobia. It usually starts in adolescence and is twice as common in women as in men. It is classified as with or without aura and has chronic or acute treatment types according to the frequency of occurrence. In acute treatment, analgesics that relieve pain in the fastest way are preferred, while there are different options in chronic treatment...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Structural imaging can offer insights into the cortical morphometry of migraine, which might reflect adaptations to recurring nociceptive messaging. This study compares cortical morphometry between a large sample of people with migraine and healthy controls, as well as across migraine subtypes. METHODS: Adult participants with migraine and age-matched and sex-matched healthy controls attended a single MRI session with magnetization-prepared rapid acquisition gradient echo and fluid-attenuated inversion recovery sequences at 3T...

OBJECTIVE: We aimed to examine the potential association between migraine and vascular dementia (VaD) using a nationwide population database. BACKGROUND: Migraine and VaD showed similar structural and functional changes in pathophysiology process and shared common risk factors, However, whether migraine prevalence increases VaD incidence remains controversial. METHODS: This retrospective population-based cohort study used the medical records from the Korean National Health Insurance System database...

Delta opioid receptors hold potential as a target for neurological and psychiatric disorders, yet no delta opioid receptor agonist has proven efficacious in critical phase II clinical trials. The exact reasons for the failure to produce quality drug candidates for the delta opioid receptor is nuclear. However, it is known that certain delta opioid receptor agonists can induce seizures and exhibit tachyphylaxis. Several studies have suggested that those adverse effects are more prevalent in delta agonists that share the SNC80/BW373U86 chemotype...

OBJECTIVES: Migraine is a chronic and joint disease in children. The results of previous studies on the effectiveness of probiotics in preventing migraine attacks in children have been controversial. This study aims to investigate the effect of probiotics on migraine prophylaxis in children. MATERIALS & METHODS: In this clinical trial study, 41 children aged 5 to 15 with migraine enrolled the study in two control and intervention groups. Children in the intervention group (18 children) received propranolol at a dose of 1 mg per kilogram of body weight daily in two divided doses along with a 250 mg Yomogi capsule daily for three months, and children in the control group (23 children), received propranolol along with placebo for three months...

OBJECTIVE: Calcitonin gene-related peptide monoclonal antibodies (CGRP mAbs) are novel high-cost treatments for the prevention of migraine. This study presents data on utilisation, expenditure and treatment patterns with CGRP mAbs available under a managed access protocol in Ireland, to a cohort of treatment refractory patients (failed three or more previous treatments) with chronic migraine. METHODS: Data was extracted from the Primary Care Reimbursement Service (PCRS) High Tech claims database and special drug request online system, and analysed using Microsoft Excel and SAS...

Aberrant cognitive network activity and cognitive deficits are established features of chronic pain. However, the nature of cognitive network alterations associated with chronic pain and their underlying mechanisms require elucidation. Here, we report that the claustrum, a subcortical nucleus implicated in cognitive network modulation, is activated by acute painful stimulation and pain-predictive cues in healthy participants. Moreover, we discover pathological activity of the claustrum and a region near the posterior inferior frontal sulcus of the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (piDLPFC) in migraine patients during acute pain and cognitive task performance...

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Physiotherapy interventions for headache mostly include exercise and manual therapy. Yet, the complex nature of headache, sometimes characterized by symptoms of facilitated central pain mechanisms, demands an individualized approach in which therapeutic patient education could be supportive. This scoping review aimed to summarize the position of therapeutic patient education within the physiotherapy management of adults with headache. PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Scopus were searched...

BACKGROUND: Many risk factors have been associated with migraine progression, including insufficient and ineffective utilization of migraine medications; however, they have been inadequately explored. This has resulted in suboptimal usage of medications without effective altering of prescribing recommendations for patients, posing a risk for migraine chronification. METHODS: Our aim is to conduct a comprehensive review of the available evidence regarding the underuse of migraine medications, both acute and preventive...

Multiple animal models of migraine have been used to develop new therapies. Understanding the transition from episodic (EM) to chronic migraine (CM) is crucial. We established models mimicking EM and CM pain and assessed neuropathological differences. EM and CM models were induced with single NTG or multiple injections over 9 days. Mechanical hypersensitivity was assessed. Immunofluorescence utilized c-Fos, NeuN, and Iba1. Proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory markers were analyzed. Neuropeptides (CGRP, VIP, PACAP, and substance P) were assessed...

Objective: Phase II/III randomized clinical trials (RCTs) are vulnerable to many types of bias beyond randomization. Insights into the reporting quality of RCTs involving migraine patients treated with monoclonal antibodies targeting the calcitonin gene-related peptide system (anti-CGRP MAbs) are currently lacking. Our aim was to analyze the reporting quality of phase II/III RCTs involving migraine patients treated with anti-CGRP MAbs. Methods: A systematic search was performed on the PubMed and EMBASE databases, according to PRISMA guidelines, for relevant RCTs in either episodic or chronic migraine prevention...

Cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL) is the most common monogenic form of cerebral small vessel disease, caused by a mutation in the NOTCH3 gene on chromosome 19. The main clinical features include migraine (often with aura), early onset, recurrent subcortical ischemic strokes, mood disturbances, and cognitive impairment, frequently leading to dementia and disability with a reduction in life expectancy. Cerebral chronic global hypoperfusion, due to impaired cerebrovascular reactivity, seems to play a primary role in CADASIL...