Standard Dose

PURPOSES: This study investigated the feasibility of adalimumab (ADA) dose reduction and withdrawal strategy in children with stable pediatric non-infectious uveitis (PNIU). METHODS: This open-label prospective pilot trial recruited 18 stable PNIU patients (33 eyes) between two and eighteen years old who were treated with standard doses of ADA (20/40 mg every 2 weeks) plus oral methotrexate. The interval of ADA injection was extended to 4 weeks and followed up for 24 weeks...

BACKGROUND: Resistance exercise is the most common training modality included within strength and conditioning (S&C) practice. Understanding dose-response relationships between resistance training and a range of outcomes relevant to physical and sporting performance is of primary importance for quality S&C prescription. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this meta-analysis was to use contemporary modelling techniques to investigate resistance-only and resistance-dominant training interventions, and explore relationships between training variables (frequency, volume, intensity), participant characteristics (training status, sex), and improvements across a range of outcome domains including maximum strength, power, vertical jump, change of direction, and sprinting performance...

PURPOSE OF THE REVIEW: Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is a rare systemic autoimmune disorder that can escalate into a 'thrombotic storm' called the catastrophic antiphospholipid syndrome (CAPS), frequently requiring ICU admission for multiple organ failure. This review aims to offer insight and recent evidence on critically-ill APS patients. RECENT FINDINGS: The CAPS classification criteria define this condition as the involvement of at least three organs/systems/tissues within less than a week, caused by small vessel thrombosis, in patients with elevated antiphospholipid antibodies levels...

The objective of this study was to investigate patient radiation doses by a dose audit of three common interventional cardiology (IC) procedures: coronary angiography (CA), percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) and CA-PTCA procedures performed in IC centres in the Uttarakhand state of India, for the establishment of local diagnostic reference levels (DRLs) and the estimation of average effective dose (Eav ) for these procedures. For each procedure, the values of kerma-area product (PKA ), reference air kerma (Ka,r ), fluoroscopy time (FT) and the number of cine images were recorded from 1233 CA, 458 PTCA and 736 CA-PTCA procedures performed over a 12-month period at 13 IC centres of the state...

Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada (VKH) disease is a multisystem disorder characterized by bilateral granulomatous panuveitis resulting in serous retinal detachments, disk edema, and a sunset glow fundus development. Furthermore, it is associated with various extraocular findings, such as tinnitus, hearing loss, vertigo, poliosis, and vitiligo (1). VKH is considered to be an autoimmune disease mediated by T-cells targeting melanocyte antigen tyrosinase peptide (2). Moreover, VKH more often occurs in individuals with a genetic predisposition to the disease, including those of Asian and Hispanic heritage (3)...

DISCLAIMER: In an effort to expedite the publication of articles, AJHP is posting manuscripts online as soon as possible after acceptance. Accepted manuscripts have been peer-reviewed and copyedited, but are posted online before technical formatting and author proofing. These manuscripts are not the final version of record and will be replaced with the final article (formatted per AJHP style and proofed by the authors) at a later time. PURPOSE: To investigate the safety and efficacy of direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) in the treatment of the acute phase of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT)...

PURPOSE: We aimed at assessing the correlation between TEG reaction time (TEG-R) in citrated and fresh blood samples with TEG5000 and TEG 6S during heparin administration in patients with and without ECMO support. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Paired TEG5000 (fresh and citrated whole blood, kaolin and kaolin-heparinase) and TEG6S (citrated whole blood) samples were obtained, together with standard coagulation laboratory tests. Bland-Altman analysis and Lin's concordance correlation coefficient were used to assess agreement...

The war in Ukraine raises concerns for potential hazards of radiological and nuclear incidents. Children are particularly vulnerable in these incidents and may need pharmaceutical countermeasures, including antidotes and cytokines. Searches found no published study comparing pediatric indications and dosing among standard references detailing pediatric medications for these incidents. This study addresses this gap by collecting, tabulating, and disseminating this information to healthcare professionals caring for children...

BACKGROUND: One of the mechanisms regulating the biological activity of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) in cells is the co-expression of TNFR1/TNFR2 receptors. A model with a differential level of receptor expression is required to evaluate the contribution of these mechanisms. AIM: The development of a cellular model to compare the effects of TNF on cells depending on the presence of both receptors and TNFR2 alone. METHODS: TNFR1 absence modifications of ZR-75/1 and K-562 cell lines were obtained by TNFR1 knockout...

INTRODUCTION: Methotrexate (MTX) is effective for treating psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis, but its potential hepatoxicity remains a concern. Liver biopsy, the gold standard for detecting MTX-induced liver injury, is invasive and carries considerable risk. Transient elastography (TE) offers a non-invasive alternative for detecting advanced liver fibrosis. This study investigated the performance of TE in detecting MTX-induced liver fibrosis among Chinese psoriasis patients, compared with liver biopsy...

Though typically self-limiting, severe mpox infections have been treated with antiviral medications, most notably tecovirimat. Various reports exist of mpox progression despite tecovirimat treatment. Treatment resistance can be due to acquired mpox strain mutations, most often occurring in an immunocompromised host. We present the case of a male with AIDS who developed disseminated treatment-resistant mpox infection complicated by superimposed bacterial and fungal infections. His orthopoxvirus polymerase chain reaction result remained positive despite treatment with 4 weeks of oral tecovirimat and 3 doses of intravenous cidofovir...

INTRODUCTION: Gastrointestinal bleeding (GI) is a prevalent condition among pediatric patients, with a reported incidence of 6.4%, often severe enough to require admission to the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU). There are multiple therapies utilized in the management of GI bleeding in pediatrics, among which continuous intravenous (IV) infusion of omeprazole is used off-label without standard pediatric dosing recommendations. Reviewing the current literature reveals a lack of studies assessing the efficacy, safety, and appropriate dosing regimen of continuous omeprazole infusion in children with GI bleeding...

INTRODUCTION: Eosinophilic esophagitis is a newly recognized entity, in which there is significant evidence available that clearly demonstrates the positive impact of PPIs on reducing esophageal eosinophilia in individuals across different age groups, including children, adolescents, and adults. Multiple mechanisms have been proposed to explain how this treatment effect occurs. In Brazil, there seems to be a lack of studies that have prospectively assessed the clinical and therapeutic response rate in pediatric patients with EoE...

PURPOSE: To evaluate the diuretic effects of aqueous (AQ) and hydromethanolic crude extract (HM) the as well as the solvent fractions of the HM extract from Erica arborea flowers in mice. METHODS: Mice were administered AQ and HM crude extracts, along with solvent fractions of HM extracts of E. arborea flowers, including HXF (n-hexane fraction), EAF (ethyl acetate fraction), and AQF (aqueous fraction), at doses ranging from 100 to 400 mg/kg orally. The effects of these extracts and solvent fractions on urine and salt excretion over 5 hours were compared to the effects of the solvent used for reconstitution and a standard drug (furosemide 10 mg/kg), as well as to each other...

BACKGROUND: A key strategy for quality improvement is drug use evaluation, which looks at the safe, appropriate use of medication principles. Tenofovir/Lamivudine/Dolutegravir (TLD-FDC) usage has not yet been sufficiently examined in published literature. The purpose of this study was to assess how TLD were used by HIV-positive patients Using WHO drug use evaluation standards in Lumame Primary Hospital, North West Ethiopia. METHODS: Using WHO drug use evaluation standards, a retrospective study design was used to evaluate the appropriateness of TLD use...

This study aimed to examine the safety, immunogenicity and protective effective of inhaled COVID-19 vaccines (ICVs). Literature research was done through EMBASE, Cochrane, PubMed, and Web of Science up to 10 March 2024. Pooled estimates with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI) were computed and compared using the random effects and common effects model. Of the 15 studies, 11 analyzed safety, 13 analyzed immunogenicity, and 3 analyzed protective effective. The results showed a favorable safety profile of ICVs for primary vaccination series, however it does not always seem to produce the expected immune response and protective effective...

Certain guidelines recommend a second-generation H1-antihistamine (AH) as first-line treatment for patients with chronic urticaria (CU). However, some patients show insufficient response to a standard dose of this therapy and might benefit from adding leukotriene receptor antagonists (LTA). Therefore, we aimed to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis comparing LTA plus antihistamines with antihistamines alone. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis, searching PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Central for randomized clinical trial (RCT) data comparing LTA plus AH treatment to AH alone in patients with CU...

BACKGROUND: The ONCO DVT study revealed the superiority of 12-month relative to 3-month edoxaban treatment for cancer-associated isolated distal deep vein thrombosis (DVT) regarding the thrombotic risk. METHODS: In this pre-specified subgroup analysis of the ONCO DVT study, we stratified the patients into those with a standard edoxaban dose (60 mg/day; N=151) and those with a reduced edoxaban dose (30 mg/day; N=450) and evaluated the clinical outcomes for the 12-month and 3-month treatments...

BACKGROUND: To illustrate how (standardised) effect sizes (ES) vary based on calculation method and to provide considerations for improved reporting. METHODS: Data from three trials of tanezumab in subjects with osteoarthritis were analyzed. ES of tanezumab versus comparator for WOMAC Pain (outcome) was defined as least squares difference between means (mixed model for repeated measures analysis) divided by a pooled standard deviation (SD) of outcome scores. Three approaches to computing the SD were evaluated: Baseline (the pooled SD of WOMAC Pain values at baseline [pooled across treatments]); Endpoint (the pooled SD of these values at the time primary endpoints were assessed); and Median (the median pooled SD of these values based on the pooled SDs across available timepoints)...

BACKGROUND: Macular edema (ME) results from hyperpermeability of retinal vessels, leading to chronic extravasation of plasma components into the retina and hence potentially severe visual acuity loss. Current standard of care consists in using intravitreal injections (IVI), which results in a significant medical and economic burden. During diabetic retinopathy (DR) or retinal vein occlusion (RVO), it has recently been shown that focal vascular anomalies (capillary macro-aneurysms, also termed TelCaps) for telangiectatic capillaries may play a central role in the onset, early recurrence, and/or persistence of ME...