transplant kidney

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Endophthalmitis is a severe form of purulent inflammation caused by the infection of the intraocular tissues or fluids. This infection infrequently occurs through endogenous routes, which are often correlated with major risk factors. Escherichia coli, a gram-negative rod, can cause endophthalmitis through hematogenous spread. We here report a 59-year-old man who presented to our service with acute visual impairment in his left eye, preceded by floaters. He was taking sirolimus and azathioprine for a transplanted kidney, had undergone catheterization for bladder atresia, and had a history of recurrent E...

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BACKGROUND: Patients with solid organ transplant (SOT) and solid tumors are usually excluded from clinical trials testing immune checkpoint blockers (ICB). As transplant rates are increasing, we aimed to evaluate ICB outcomes in this population, with a special focus on lung cancer. METHODS: We conducted a multicenter retrospective cohort study collecting real data of ICB use in patients with SOT and solid tumors. Clinical data and treatment outcomes were assessed by using retrospective medical chart reviews in every participating center...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Apparent mineralocorticoid excess (AME) syndrome is an ultra-rare autosomal-recessive tubulopathy, caused by mutations in HSD11B2, leading to excessive activation of the kidney mineralocorticoid receptor, and characterized by early-onset low-renin hypertension, hypokalemia, and risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD). To date, most reports included few patients, and none described patients from Israel. We aimed to describe AME patients from Israel and to review the relevant literature...

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is commonly associated with unfavorable cardiovascular outcomes and remains the leading cause of mortality in individuals with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Despite substantial knowledge about the impact of CKD on the left heart, the right heart, which holds significant clinical relevance, has often been overlooked and inadequately assessed in ESRD patients who have undergone kidney transplant (KTx). This study aimed to evaluate the effects of KTx on the right heart chambers in ESRD patients...

Multiple myeloma is a rare disease in pediatrics, where about 30 cases are described under 15 years old. It is even rarer when atypical multiple myeloma occurs in the context of autoimmunity. This case describes a 9-year-old female with autoimmune lymphoproliferative-like disease and combined immune deficiency that developed acute kidney failure with monoclonal peak associated with RAC2 and TNFRSF9 variants. An adapted protocol from the backbone adult multiple myeloma standard of care with the addition of an allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant was used...

Human allogeneic pancreatic islet transplantation is a life-changing treatment for patients with severe Type 1 Diabetes (T1D) who suffer from hypoglycemia unawareness and high risk of severe hypoglycemia. However, intensive immunosuppression is required to prevent immune rejection of the graft, that may in turn lead to undesirable side effects such as toxicity to the islet cells, kidney toxicity, occurrence of opportunistic infections, and malignancies. The shortage of cadaveric human islet donors further limits islet transplantation as a treatment option for widespread adoption...

BACKGROUND: Eltrombopag has demonstrated efficacy in treating low platelet (PLT) levels, but it remains unclear whether eltrombopag can promote PLT engraftment after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). METHODS: Forty-one HSCT patients received eltrombopag 50 mg/d from +1 day until PLT >50 × 109 /L or 1 month after HSCT. Fifty-one patients in the same period received thrombopoietin (TPO) to promote PLT graft after HSCT and served as a control group...

Antibodies to angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R-Abs) are among the most well-studied non-HLA antibodies in renal transplantation. These antibodies have been shown to be common in pediatric kidney transplantation and associated with antibody-mediated rejection (AMR), vascular inflammation, development of human leukocyte donor-specific antibodies (HLA DSA), and allograft loss. As AT1R-Ab testing becomes more readily accessible, evidence to guide clinical practice for testing and treating AT1R-Ab positivity in pediatric kidney transplant recipients remains limited...

BACKGROUND: Recurrent disease after kidney transplant remains an important cause of allograft failure, accounting for 7-8% of graft loss and ranking as the fifth most common cause of allograft loss in the pediatric population. Although the pathophysiology of many recurrent diseases is incompletely understood, recent advances in basic science and therapeutics are improving outcomes and changing the course of several of these conditions. METHODS: Review of the literature...

BACKGROUND: Studies have shown that chemotherapy and radiotherapy can cause premature ovarian failure and loss of fertility in female cancer patients. Ovarian cortex cryopreservation is a good choice to preserve female fertility before cancer treatment. Following the remission of the disease, the thawed ovarian tissue can be transplanted back and restore fertility of the patient. However, there is a risk to reintroduce cancer cells in the body and leads to the recurrence of cancer. Given the low success rate of current in vitro culture techniques for obtaining mature oocytes from primordial follicles, an artificial ovary with primordial follicles may be a good way to solve this problem...

BACKGROUND: Due to the excess demand for deceased donor kidneys, risk quantification scores were developed to help with kidney allocation. The kidney donor risk index (KDRI) is used in the US kidney allocation system. We currently use expanded criteria (UNOS) and Remuzzi scoring for allocation of deceased donor kidneys and the utility of KDRI in our cohort is unknown. We aim to evaluate the association of KDRI with relation to 5 year graft and patient survival. METHODS: Retrospective cohort study of 225 adults who received a deceased donor kidney transplant between 1 Nov 2005 and 30 June 2014...

BACKGROUND: The Banff Foundation produces recommendations for classifying various lesions in renal allografts. Experts gather to update the classification every other year based on new scientific and clinical evidence. OBJECTIVES: This article presents the most important changes incorporated into the new recommendations after the last Banff conference. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The author of this article personally took part in the Banff conference and the subsequent survey, reported on the activities of a Banff working group (peritubular capillaritis) on-site, and contributed to drafting the recently published meeting report...

BACKGROUND: Tacrolimus is the primary calcineurin inhibitor used in immunosuppressive regimens to prevent allograft rejection (AR) after organ transplantation. Recent studies have linked intrapatient variability (IPV) of tacrolimus with AR occurrence and reduced survival, especially in kidney transplant recipients. However, limited data are available on the impact of tacrolimus IPV on adverse outcomes after liver transplantation (LT). AIMS: The aim of this study was to assess the association between tacrolimus IPV using various methodologies with acute AR and long-term patient survival after LT...

The authors described tacrolimus dosing in a kidney transplant patient concurrently treated with phenobarbital, where measuring the tacrolimus area under the curve was necessary to achieve adequate drug exposure and improve kidney function.

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Antibody-mediated rejection (AMR) is a common cause of graft failure after pig-to-nonhuman primate organ transplantation, even when the graft is from a pig with multiple genetic modifications. The specific factors that initiate AMR are often uncertain. We report two cases of pig kidney transplantation into immunosuppressed baboons in which we identify novel factors associated with the initiation of AMR. In the first, membranous nephropathy was the initiating factor that was then associated with the apparent loss of the therapeutic anti-CD154 monoclonal antibody in the urine when severe proteinuria was present...

One of the prerequisites for successful organ xenotransplantation is a reasonable size match between the porcine organ and the recipient's organ to be replaced. Therefore, the selection of a suitable genetic background of source pigs is important. In this study, we investigated body and organ growth, cardiac function, and genetic diversity of a colony of Auckland Island pigs established at the Center for Innovative Medical Models (CiMM), LMU Munich. Male and female Auckland Island pig kidney cells (selected to be free of porcine endogenous retrovirus C) were imported from New Zealand, and founder animals were established by somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT)...

INTROUDCTION: There is increased risk of skin cancer in patients with gloermular disease or those with renal transplant. OBJECTIVES: To compare the risk of skin cancer between kidney recipients (KTRs) and patients with glomerular disease (GD). DESIGN: The cohort comprised patients with KTRs (n = 61) and GD (n = 51) in Central and Central West Queensland, Australia. A quantitative cohort study was undertaken to study the risk of skin cancer in rural communities between two subgroups of patients with kidney diseases in relationship to immunosuppression...