Citicoline AND Cognition

With growing concerns about COVID-19's hyperinflammatory condition and its potentially damaging impact on the neurovascular system, there is a need to consider potential treatment options for managing short- and long-term effects on neurological complications, especially cognitive function. While maintaining adequate structure and function of phospholipid in brain cells, citicoline, identical to the natural metabolite phospholipid phosphatidylcholine precursor, can contribute to a variety of neurological diseases and hypothetically toward post-COVID-19 cognitive effects...

INTRODUCTION: The present article reports an overview of the studies about combination treatment with citicoline of Alzheimer's (AD) and mixed dementia (MD). METHODS: A Medline search was carried out by using the keywords Alzheimer's dementia, mixed dementia, older people, treatment with citicoline, memantine, and acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (AchEIs). RESULTS: Six studies were found to match the combination treatment of citicoline with AcheIs and/or memantine...

OBJECTIVE: To study the effects of a three-month course of therapy with citicoline, aimed at preventing the progression of cognitive deficit in 1st-degree relatives of patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD), depending on the carriage of the ApoE4 (+) genotype. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Study participants: 82 blood relatives of AD patients, 66 of them with signs of minimal cognitive dysfunction (group 1) objectively confirmed by clinical neuropsychological examination and 16 people with mild cognitive decline syndrome (group 2)...

OBJECTIVE: The aim of the observational program was to study the effect of the use of the drug recognan (citicoline) on the state of higher mental functions (memory, attention, visual-motor coordination, dynamic praxis,verbal thinking and imagination) in patients with mild cognitive impairment. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A survey of 54 subjects (16 of them male and 38 female) aged 18-50 years (average age 28.5±10.5 years) was conducted with a diagnosis of «Mild cognitive impairment» («F06...

According to the WHO data, over 35 million people in the world suffer from severe forms of cognitive impairment. Due to the insufficient effectiveness of separate therapy for amyloid or vascular pathologies, an opinion is expressed about the prospects of combined pharmacotherapy of cognitive impairments. The aim of the study was the pharmaceutical development of the combined tablet dosage form formulation with modified release of citicoline and memantine for the treatment of cognitive impairments. Information bases (eLibrary, PubMed) were used, content analysis on State Register of Medicinal Remedies database (grls...

OBJECTIVE: Systematization of the array of publications on cytidyldiphosphocholine (CDP-choline). MATERIAL AND METHODS: Systematic computer analysis of all currently available publications on CDP-choline (1750 publications in PUBMED) using the topological theory of big data analysis. RESULTS: CDP-choline is essential for acetylcholine biosynthesis, phospholipid metabolism, and DNA methylation. The article describes the effects of CDP-choline on acetylcholinergic and other types of neurotransmission, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective and neurotrophic effects of CDP-choline...

BACKGROUND: Colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1R)-related leukoencephalopathy is a rare and rapidly progressive leukoencephalopathy characterized by cognitive, motor, and neuropsychiatric symptoms, which is often misdiagnosed. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) signs and follow-up MRI of CSF1R-related leukoencephalopathy could help in establishing a diagnosis, but these features are not widely known by general neurologists. CASE PRESENTATION: A 34-year-old man was admitted for progressive weakness of the right limbs over 8 months...

BACKGROUND: In recent years, many experimental and clinical studies have shown that in glaucoma, neuronal degeneration occurs not only at the level of the retina and optic nerve, but also along the entire visual pathway and the brain. OBJECTIVE: This article presents the neuroprotective effects of citicoline and their mechanisms in glaucoma disease. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The relevance of citicoline is explained against the background of neuroanatomy, neuroimaging, and the pathogenesis of glaucoma...

Introduction: Psychomotor performance task is used to assess the arousal and cognitive functions of the central nervous system. Alternatively, human visual working memory reflects the capability of the individual's short-term memory. Psycho-mental stimuli are linked to the stimulation of Malondialdehyde (MDA) formations. Citicoline is a nootropic nucleotide agent with a favorable effect on the augmentation of human memory and cognitive function. Thus, the purpose of this study was to determine the effect of citicoline on human vigilance, visual working memory, and oxidative stress using healthy volunteers...

OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to study the effect of the drug recognan (citicoline) on the neurodynamic characteristics of mental activity in patients with mild cognitive impairment. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A survey of 58 subjects (17 of them male and 41 female) aged 18-45 years (average age 27.2±12.5 years) was conducted. Clinical diagnosis according to ICD-10 «Mild cognitive impairment» (F06.7). The main subgroup included29 people received oral recognan therapy (in solution, 100 mg in 1 ml) for 30 days, with a daily dosage of 500 mg (5 ml of solution)...

OBJECTIVE: Combined therapy of memantine or acetylcholinesterase inhibitors, with cholinergic precursors such as citicoline, can be effective in Alzheimer's disease. Indeed, they are able to increase the intrasynaptic levels of acetylcholine more than the single drug. Our aim was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of oral citicoline plus memantine plus rivastigmine in patients with Alzheimer's disease. METHODS: This was a multi-centric, retrospective case-control study conducted in Italian Centers for Cognitive Impairment and Dementia on consecutive patients aged 65 years or older affected with Alzheimer's disease...

BACKGROUND: Background: Citicoline has been proven to have beneficial effects in patients with cognitive impairment. In previous studies, combined treatment with memantine and acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (AChEIs) maintained cognitive function in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) better than memantine or AChEIs alone. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of a combination therapy of oral citicoline, memantine, and an AChEI in AD when compared with memantine and an AChEI without citicoline...

PURPOSE: Parkinson disease (PD) medications are not readily available in all countries. Citicoline increases dopamine synthesis and inhibits dopamine uptake. This systematic review aims to synthesize current existing evidence on the efficacy of citicoline adjunctive therapy in improving PD symptoms. METHODS: An extensive literature search of Scopus, Embase, PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar was conducted for articles published on or before December 31, 2019...

BACKGROUND: Citicoline is a drug used both in degenerative and in vascular cognitive decline; memantine is a drug used for the treatment of mild to moderate Alzheimer's disease (AD). Our hypothesis is that their combined use could have an enhanced action in patients affected with AD and mixed dementia (MD) too. We report the main tips from a recent study on the use of these drugs, the CITIMEM study. METHODS: The study was retrospective and was performed on 126 patients aged 65 years old or older affected with AD or MD (mean age 80...

Citicoline is a chemical compound involved in the synthesis of cell membranes. It also has other, not yet explained functions. Research on the use of citicoline is conducted in neurology, ophthalmology, and psychiatry. Citicoline is widely available as a dietary supplement. It is often used to enhance cognitive functions. In our article, accessible databases were searched for articles regarding citicoline use in neurological diseases. This article has a systemic review form. After rejecting non-eligible reports, 47 remaining articles were reviewed...

Aminoglycoside-induced hair cell (HC) loss is one of the most important causes of hearing loss. After entering the inner ear, aminoglycosides induce the production of high levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that subsequently activate apoptosis in HCs. Citicoline, a nucleoside derivative, plays a therapeutic role in central nervous system injury and in neurodegenerative disease models, including addictive disorders, stroke, head trauma, and cognitive impairment in the elderly, and has been widely used in the clinic as an FDA approved drug...

Prescription for inappropriate drugs can be dangerous to the elderly due to the increased risk of adverse drug reactions and drug-interactions. In this manuscript, we report the complexity of polypharmacy and the possible harmful consequences in an old person. An 81-year-old man with a clinical history of diabetes, blood hypertension, non-valvular atrial fibrillation, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, osteoarthritis, anxiety, and depression, was admitted to our attention for cognitive disorders and dementia...

The analysis of mechanisms of the neuroprotective effect of choline precursors reveals the primary effects of citicoline on the processes of repair of neuronal membranes, a decrease in the degeneration of free fatty acids, and choline alfoscerate, an increase in the production of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine. Although citicoline has a lesser effect on choline secretion than choline alfoscerate, the combination of choline and cytidine in its composition is a universal tool to reduce symptoms of cerebral ischemia, to stabilize cognitive status, superior to the standard benefits of choline...

BACKGROUND: A critical strategy in the management of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is optimizing the effects of currently available pharmacologic therapies such as citicoline (CC). OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of CC as adjunct therapy to cholinesterase inhibitors (AChEI) in the treatment of AD. METHODS: We identified relevant studies by electronic search until April 2020. We considered studies with a comparator group that enrolled elderly patients with a diagnosis of AD and employed CC as an adjunct therapy to AChEIs compared to AChEI monotherapy or comparisons of different AChEIs combined with CC...

INTRODUCTION: Citicoline can have beneficial effects both in degenerative and in vascular cognitive decline; it works through an increase in acetylcholine intrasynaptic levels and promoting phospholipid synthesis, (chiefly phosphatidylcholine), cellular function, and neuronal repair. Memantine is an N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist used for the treatment of mild to moderate Alzheimer's disease (AD). When co-administered they could have a synergistic action in patients affected with AD and mixed dementia (MD) too...