Embroidery

Wearable sensors based on MXene have attracted attention, but the large-scale production of MXene-based textile materials is still a huge challenge. Hereby, we report a facile way of incorporating MXene into the traditional yarn manufacturing process by dipping and drying MXene into cotton rovings followed by fabricating an MXene/cotton/spandex yarn (MCSY) using friction spinning. The MXene in the MCSY brings electrical conductivity to the MCSY with well-preserved mechanical properties. Due to its wide sensing range from 408 Pa to 10...

Smart textile sensors have been gaining popularity as alternative methods for the continuous monitoring of human motion. Multiple methods of fabrication for these textile sensors have been proposed, but the simpler ones include stitching or embroidering the conductive thread onto an elastic fabric to create a strain sensor. Although multiple studies have demonstrated the efficacy of textile sensors using the stitching technique, there is almost little to no information regarding the fabrication of textile strain sensors using the embroidery method...

This study presents a respiration sensor that is dependent on a parallel capacitor, including connection lines and electrodes embroidered on textiles. First, characterizations of the respiration capacitor using a silver thread, including a combination of porous Eco-flex simulating air in the lungs due to respiration, were evaluated using an LCR meter. Second, the effects of air gaps on the detection of respiration motions according to the change in electrode distance under pressure were presented. The data values were measured from 1 to 300 kHz using an LCR meter and dielectric test fixture...

UNLABELLED: Owing to the rapid development in the field of e-textile-based flexible and portable sensors, the present work demonstrates a fully textile-based stretchable face mask humidity sensor which was created using digital embroidery technique. The design of the sensor was comprised of interdigitated structured electrodes made up of polymer core-based conductive silver-coated threads and hygroscopic threads embedded between them. The fabricated sensor performed well towards moisture detection in accordance with the principle where resistance of the face mask sensor decreased with the increase in the relative humidity along with the changing operational frequency in the range from 1 Hz to 200 kHz...

The advancement of smart textiles has led to significant interest in developing wearable textile sensors (WTS) and offering new modalities to sense vital signs and activity monitoring in daily life settings. For this, textile fabrication methods such as knitting, weaving, embroidery, and braiding offer promising pathways toward unobtrusive and seamless sensing for WTS applications. Specifically, the knitted sensor has a unique intermeshing loop structure which is currently used to monitor repetitive body movements such as breathing (microscale motion) and walking (macroscale motion)...

The COVID-19 pandemic has created a situation where wearing personal protective masks is a must for every human being and introduced them as a part of everyday life. This work demonstrates a new functionality embedded in single-use face masks through an embroidered humidity sensor. The design of the face mask humidity sensor is comprised of interdigitated electrodes made of polyamide-based conductive threads and common polyester threads which act as a dielectric sensing layer embroidered between them. Therefore, the embroidered sensor acts as a capacitor, the performance of which was studied in increasing humidity conditions in the frequency range from 1 Hz to 100 kHz...

Composite polymers have become widely used in industries such as the aerospace, automobile, and civil construction industries. Continuous monitoring is essential to optimize the composite components' performance and durability. This paper describes the concept of a distributed fiber optic smart textile (DFOST) embedded into a composite panel that can be implemented during the fabrication process of bridges, planes, or vehicles without damaging the integrity of the composite. The smart textile used an embroidery method to create DFOST for easy installation between composite laminates...

In recent years, after the ongoing success in the creation of portable electronic devices, an increasing effort has been put in creating wearable devices capable of sensing multiple parameters while being imperceptible to the user. A field that has recently gained attention due to this is that of textile electronics. For this purpose, one of the most commonly used materials is conductive threads, capable of sustaining an electrical connection, while at the same time being part of a garment. As research on the performance and stability of such threads is scarce, the aim of this work is to study the effects of tension on readily available conductive threads and to verify their suitability and reliability for e-textile applications...

The main purpose of the article is to present the possibilities of producing composite reinforcement with the use of a computer embroidery machine. The study below presents the results of strength tests of composites containing technical embroidery, woven fabric, and UD fabric as the reinforcement. Each of the samples was made of the same material-flax roving. The samples differed from each other in the arrangement of layers in the reinforcement. The composites were made using the infusion method with epoxy resin...

Heterosis is a common biological phenomenon that is useful for breeding superior lines. Using heterosis to increase the yield and quality of crops is one of the main achievements of modern agricultural science. In this study, we analysed the transcriptome and metabolome of two three-line hybrid rice varieties, Taiyou 871 (TY871), and Taiyou 398 (TY398) and the parental grain endosperm using RNA-seq (three biological repeats per variety) and untargeted metabolomic (six biological repeats per variety) methods...

Although autografts represent the gold standard for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction, tissue-engineered ACLs provide a prospect to minimize donor site morbidity and limited graft availability. This study characterizes the ligamentogenesis in embroidered poly(L-lactide-co-ε-caprolactone) (P(LA-CL)) / polylactic acid (PLA) constructs using a dynamic nude mice xenograft model. (P(LA-CL))/PLA scaffolds remained either untreated (co) or were functionalized by gas fluorination (F), collagen foam cross-linked with hexamethylene diisocyanate (HMDI) (coll), or F combined with the foam (F + coll)...

Ag/AgCl hydrogel electrodes, which are wet electrodes, are generally used to acquire bio-signals non-invasively. Research concerning dry electrodes is ongoing due to the following limitations of wet electrodes: (1) skin irritation and disease when attached for a long time; (2) poor adhesion due to sweat; and (3) considerable cost due to disposable use. Accordingly, electrodes in film, embroidery, and knit forms were manufactured from conductive sheets and conductive yarns, which are typical textile-type dry electrode materials, using different manufacturing methods and conditions...

Many studies have been conducted to develop electronic skin (e-skin) and flexible wearable textiles which transform into actual "skin", using different approaches. Moreover, many reports have investigated self-healing materials, multifunctional sensors, etc. This study presents a systematic approach to embroidery pressure sensors dependent on interdigitated capacitors (IDCs), for applications surrounding intelligent wearable devices, robots, and e-skins. The method proposed a broad range of highly sensitive pressure sensors based on porous Ecoflex, carbon nanotubes (CNTs), and interdigitated electrodes...

The interest in wearable devices has expanded to measurement devices for building IoT-based mobile healthcare systems and sensing bio-signal data through clothing. Surface electromyography, called sEMG, is one of the most popular bio-signals that can be applied to health monitoring systems. In general, gel-based (Ag/AgCl) electrodes are mainly used, but there are problems, such as skin irritation due to long-time wearing, deterioration of adhesion to the skin due to moisture or sweat, and low applicability to clothes...

Inner Mongolia is rich in grassland tourism resources, and the development of grassland tourism is of great significance to Inner Mongolia tourism and promotion of grassland protection. To better promote the grassland tourism of the Silk Road culture, the Conditional Global Area Network (CGAN) and Morphology Connected Component Chan-Vase (MCC-CV) algorithm are used to enhance and segment the traditional embroidery patterns in Inner Mongolia. Firstly, the generative adversarial network (GAN) is optimized, and a new GAN is proposed with the feature vector extracted from the convolutional neural network (CNN) as the constraint condition...

Recognizing the contribution art has had in the Mayo Clinic environment since the original Mayo Clinic Building was finished in 1914, Mayo Clinic Proceedings features some of the numerous works of art displayed throughout the buildings and grounds on Mayo Clinic campuses as interpreted by the author.

Respiration monitoring is a very important indicator of health status. It can be used as a marker in the recognition of a variety of diseases, such as sleep apnea, asthma or cardiac arrest. The purpose of the present study is to overcome limitations of the current state of the art in the field of respiration monitoring systems. Our goal was the development of a lightweight handheld device with portable operation and low power consumption. The proposed approach includes a textile capacitive sensor with interdigitated electrodes embroidered into the facemask, integrated with readout electronics...

Non-woven textile has been largely used as medical implant material over the last decades, especially for scaffold manufacturing purpose. This material presents a large surface area-to-volume ratio, which promotes adequate interaction with biological tissues. However, its strength is limited due to the lack of cohesion between the fibers. The goal of the present work was to investigate if a non-woven substrate can be reinforced by embroidery stitching towards strength increase. Non-woven samples were produced from both melt-blowing and electro-spinning techniques, reinforced with a stitching yarn and tested regarding several performances: ultimate tensile strength, burst strength and strength loss after fatigue stress...

BACKGROUND: Penetration of the interventricular septum (IVS) by a sharp foreign body is a rare and potentially life-threatening event. METHODS: We present the case of a 43-year-old female who had thrust four embroidery needles into her left chest wall while experiencing hallucinations after using an illegal drug. One needle had penetrated the heart and was embedded in the IVS, as confirmed by intraoperative transesophageal echocardiography (TEE), and one needle had lodged in the left chest wall...

In cultural heritage the characterization of organic colorants is a challenging task. Currently, different chromatographic techniques are used to analyze natural and synthetic dyes separately, since the classes differ significantly in chemical properties and, therefore, chromatographic behavior. To save time, costs and sample material, we developed a method suitable for a wide variety of organic colorants using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to a photo-diode-array detector. Gradient elution was performed with a mobile phase consisting of water and methanol with 5 mM triethylamine added as an ion-pairing agent at a pH of 3...