mild dehydration

Graphene-based applications, such as supercapacitors or capacitive deionization, take place in an aqueous environment, and they benefit from molecular-level insights into the behavior of aqueous electrolyte solutions in single-digit graphene nanopores with a size comparable to a few molecular diameters. Under single-digit graphene nanoconfinement (smallest dimension <2 nm), water and ions behave drastically different than in the bulk. Most aqueous electrolytes in the graphene-based applications as well as in nature contain a mix of electrolytes...

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and indications of using dried gamma ray-sterilized amniotic membrane (AM) transplantation with bandage contact lenses for the in-office sutureless treatment of various ocular surface diseases. METHODS: This study retrospectively included 56 eyes of 52 patients with various ocular surface diseases treated with sutureless dehydrated AM-assisted therapeutic contact lenses. The patients were followed up and assessed 1, 2, and 4 weeks after the treatment, and the therapeutic contact lenses were removed after 1 or 2 weeks...

A 6-year-old 21.5 kg castrated male Siberian Husky was presented for acute onset of lethargy, vomiting, hemorrhagic diarrhea, and inappetence. Physical examination revealed marked discomfort upon abdominal palpation and 5%-7% dehydration. The CBC and biochemical profile revealed changes consistent with mild to moderate inflammation, dehydration, and gastrointestinal (GI) disease. Despite aggressive gastrointestinal support, anorexia persisted, and an upper GI endoscopy was performed in conjunction with esophagostomy tube placement...

INTRODUCTION: Netherton syndrome (NS) is a rare autosomal recessive genodermatosis in the group of congenital ichthyosis. The clinical manifestations of the syndrome vary from a very mild clinical manifestation occurring with the picture of ichthyosis linearis circumflexa to exfoliative erythroderma. It can be fatal in the first days of a newborn's life due to dehydration, hypothermia, weight loss, respiratory infections, and sepsis. A specific anomaly of the hair trichorrexis invaginata is considered pathognomonic for the syndrome...

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to investigate changes in salivary flow rates, buffering capacity, and salivary chromogranin A (CHGA) levels in adults undergoing bariatric surgery (BS) compared with a non-obese control group. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Salivary analyses were performed on 62 participants aged over 50 years, stratified into two groups matched for age and gender-individuals who had undergone bariatric surgery (BS) (n = 31) and a corresponding healthy control group (n = 31)...

BACKGROUND: Findings are conflicting regarding the effect of zinc supplementation on disease severity in children with acute gastroenteritis. PURPOSE: To examine the effects of probiotics and zinc on the clinical outcomes of infants and children with acute infectious diarrhea. METHODS: In this randomized controlled trial, children with mild or moderate to severe acute gastroenteritis in the Kurdistan Region from November 2021 to June 2022 were diagnosed clinically and randomly assigned to the experimental or control group...

We describe a Re2 O7 -mediated intramolecular dehydrative Friedel-Crafts reaction for the efficient synthesis of various benzo-fused heterocycles such as benzazepines and benzazocines. This process is characterized by a broad substrate scope, mild reaction conditions, high efficiency, and high atom economy. The potential application of this methodology was exemplified by the facile preparation of a NMDA antagonist as well as a key intermediate en route to SKF 38393.

The objective of this study was to determine the impact of 0, 1, 2, or 3-d of oral electrolyte solutions (OES) following transport on calf behavior, biochemical measures of hydration, and subsequent health. Two cohorts of 60 Holstein bull calves approximately 3-7 d of age were included in this experiment. Calves (n=30/treatment) were randomized to 1 of 4 treatments on arrival at a calf-raising facility: 1) 1-d OES; 2) 2-d OES; 3) 3-d OES; or 4) no OES (control). Calves were evaluated for signs of arthritis, depression, dehydration, diarrhea, fever, navel inflammation, and respiratory disease on arrival (d 0) and 1, 2, 3, and 7 d after arrival...

A one-pot dehydration cross-coupling reaction between allyl alcohols and sodium sulfinates that provides allyl sulfones in good to excellent yields is presented. Its broad substrate scope includes symmetrical and asymmetrical α,α-diaryl- and α-aryl-substituted allylic alcohols and aryl and alkyl sodium sulfinates. For asymmetrical allylic substrates, the E isomer predominates with examples of excellent stereoselectivity. Control experiments provide the basis for a proposed radical-mediated mechanism...

OBJECTIVE: To develop and evaluate a guideline for a paediatric telemedicine and medication delivery service (TMDS). METHODS: A clinical guideline for paediatric telemedicine was derived from the World Health (WHO) Organization Integrated Management of Childhood Illness (IMCI) Handbook . The guideline was deployed at a TMDS in Haiti and evaluated through a prospective cohort study; children ≤10 years were enrolled. For non-severe cases, paired virtual and in-person examinations were conducted at the call centre and household; severe cases were referred to the hospital...

An expedient and efficient synthetic method for the divergent synthesis of 1-trifluoromethylated cyclopenta[ b ]indoles that relies on Brønsted acid-catalyzed dehydrative Nazarov-type cyclization of CF3 -substituted 3-indolylallyl alcohols is described. Two classes of 1-trifluoromethylated cyclopenta[ b ]indoles can be easily accessed simply by changing the NH-protecting group of indoles. With arylsulfonyl protected 3-indolylallyl alcohols as starting materials, the reaction provided the arylsulfonyl protected 1-trifluoromethylated cyclopenta[ b ]indoles in good to excellent yields, whereas pivaloyl (Piv) protected substrates led to the formation of NH-free 1-trifluoromethylated cyclolopenta[ b ]indoles with another alkenyl isomer...

OBJECTIVES: Abdominal pain is a common presentation in patients of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). However, this pain generally resolves with resolution of dehydration and acidosis. Persistence of abdominal pain even after resolution of ketosis and acidosis should warrant careful reassessment to find evidence of sepsis and concomitant abdominal pathology. CASE PRESENTATION: We report a rare case of type 1 diabetes mellitus in a 15 year old girl diagnosed 6 months ago who presented with mild DKA (pH 7...

Acute rhabdomyolysis (AR) leading to acute kidney injury has many underlying etiologies, however, when the primary trigger is exercise, the most usual underlying cause is either a genetic muscle disorder or unaccustomed intense exercise in a healthy individual. Three adult men presented with a history of exercise intolerance and episodes of acute renal impairment following intense exercise, thought to be due to AR in the case of two, and dehydration in one. The baseline serum CK was mildly raised between attacks in all three patients and acutely raised during attacks in two of the three patients...

Harringtonine (HT) is an anticancer alkaloid early extracted and isolated from cephalotaxus fortunei Hook. f., also has various pharmacological activities such as antiviral, antibacterial, antimalarial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, herbicidal and insecticidal. However, the factors affecting the stability of HT, the main degradation sites and mechanisms involved in its disposal process in vivo have not yet been elucidated. This study utilized HPLC-fluorescence detection method to establish a simple quantitative detection method for HT with good accuracy, precision, and high sensitivity...

Matrix metalloproteinase-9 is increased in renal tissue in human kidney disease, but its role as a biomarker for kidney disease has not been fully evaluated yet. The aim of this study was to evaluate serum MMP-9 (sMMP-9) and urinary MMP-9 (uMMP-9) concentrations in dehydrated horses. Dehydrated horses were prospectively included. Blood and urinary samples were taken at admission, and after 12, 24, and 48 h (t0, t12, t24, t48), an anti-equine MMP-9 sandwich ELISA was used. Four healthy horses served as the controls...

The catalytic activity of methyltrifluoromethanesulfonate (MeOTf) has been explored toward direct nucleophilic substitution of the hydroxyl group of nonmanipulated alcohols such as benzylic, allylic, propargylic, and tertiary alcohols with a wide range of uncharged nucleophiles such as 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds, amides, alkynes, and indoles to generate functionalized 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds, amides, alkynes, and indoles, respectively. Thus, the present protocol defines an alternate pathway to construct new C-C, C-N, and C-O bonds with the formation of water as the byproduct under mild conditions without any acids or metals...

Dehydration is an abundant and promising process in chemical, biochemical, and industrial fields. Dehydration methods can contribute to building a modern and sustainable society with minimal environmental impact. Breakthrough advances in the dehydrative SN 1 reaction can be achieved through the discovery of new cationic indium catalysts. Here we show that the breakthrough advances in the dehydrative SN 1 reaction can be achieved using the cationic indium catalysts. The dehydrative carbon-carbon bond formation of α-alkyl propargyl alcohols afforded a wide variety of α-aryl- and heteroaryl-propargyl compounds...

In nature, biological nitrogen fixation is accomplished through the π-back-bonding mechanism of nitrogenase, which poses significant challenges for mimic artificial systems, thanks to the activation barrier associated with the N≡N bond. Consequently, this motivates us to develop efficient and reusable photocatalysts for artificial nitrogen fixation under mild conditions. We employ a charge-assisted self-assembly process toward encapsulating one polyoxometalate (POM) within a dehydrated Zr-based metal-organic framework (d-UiO-66) exhibiting nitrogen photofixation activities, thereby constructing an enzyme-mimicking photocatalyst...

We describe a case of a 28-year-old male who presented with general malaise, fatigue, anorexia, occasional epigastric pain, and vomiting a few days after a mild severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. Clinical evolution led to weight loss (6 kg in six months) and craving for salty foods. Physical examination revealed dehydration, hypotension, and hyperpigmentation of the skin and mucosal surfaces. Laboratory tests demonstrated normocytic normochromic anemia, acute kidney injury, hyperkalemia, hyponatremia, and compensated metabolic acidosis...

Sacral agenesis (SA) is a rare condition characterized by the absence of one or more lower sacral vertebral bodies. In India, children with this condition often present late with symptoms primarily related to urinary and bowel dysfunction. Maternal diabetes is the only confirmed risk factor, significantly elevating the incidence rate. We discuss a case of a nine-year-old female who presented to the pediatric outpatient department (OPD) with chronic constipation and urinary retention, having experienced symptoms since infancy...