epidural hematoma head venous

BACKGROUND: Supra- and infratentorial epidural hematomas (SIEDHs) are a rare subtype of epidural hematoma (EDH), showing expanding bleeding on both sides of the tentorium, and account for <2% of EDHs (Aji, Apriawan, and Bajamal, 2018). These lesions can typically expand and decompensate quickly, making immediate diagnosis and surgical intervention crucial. OBSERVATIONS: The authors' patient presented >48 hours from a blunt trauma to the right side of the head with progressive vomiting and bruising behind the right ear...

An extradural hematoma (EDH), also known as an epidural hematoma, is a collection of blood between the inner skull table and the dura mater. It is restricted by the coronal, lambdoid, and sagittal sutures, as these are dural insertions. EDH most frequently occurs in 10- to 40-year-old patients. EDH is uncommon after age 60, as dura matter adheres firmly to the inner skull table. EDH is more common among men as compared to women. EDH most commonly occurs in the temporo-frontal regions and can also be seen in the parieto-occipital, parasagittal regions, and middle and posterior fossae...

BACKGROUND: Posterior fossa epidural hematoma rarely occurs in children after traumatic head injury. There is ongoing discussion about appropriate treatment, yet the radiological features regarding the time to resorption of the hematoma or required follow-up imaging are rarely discussed. OBSERVATIONS: The authors presented the case of a 3-year-old child who was under clinical observation and receiving analgetic and antiemetic treatment in whom near-complete hematoma resorption was shown by magnetic resonance imaging as soon as 60 hours after diagnosis...

BACKGROUND: Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (VST) is a complication of head injury and can be secondary to sinus compression by depressed skull fractures. Fracture elevation is a treatment option for VST secondary to extrinsic compression, but conservative management may also be effective. Venous sinuses can also be lacerated from skull fractures, resulting in epidural or subdural hematomas. The authors presented a case of sagittal sinus injury and thrombosis from a depressed skull fracture that caused a subgaleal hematoma...

BACKGROUND: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) represents one of the leading public health problems and a significant cause of neurological damage. Unintentional causes of TBI are the most frequent. However, fruit falling over the head causing TBI is extremely rare. In the Amazon region, accidents with ouriços, a coconut-like shell fruit, seem relatively common. However, to the best our knowledge, it has never been described in a scientific journal before. Therefore, we aim to evaluate a series of TBI caused by this tropical fruit...

Background: Traumatic acute epidural hematomas (EDHs) commonly develop by rupture of the meningeal arteries. EDH caused by an injury of the diploic channel (DC) has not been reported. Case Description: A 21-year-old man suffered a head injury while falling off the skateboard. At presentation, the patient was drowsy but did not exhibit any focal neurological deficits. Cranial computed tomography (CT) revealed a biconvex intracranial hematoma with 18-mm thickness in the high parietal region and a linear fracture that involved both the outer and inner tables and passed above the hematoma...

Venous air embolism (VAE) is a well-described phenomenon that may have life-threatening cardiopulmonary and neurological consequences. Accidental administration of air during resuscitation while using a rapid infuser is rare. Furthermore, there is a paucity of published data describing the intraoperative management of VAE during emergent nonseated neurological surgery. We report a 22-year-old previously healthy female who experienced a motor vehicle accident with severe facial and head trauma, and mixed subdural and epidural hematomas with an 8 mm midline shift...

Introduction It is common to start all patients on chemical prophylaxis for deep vein thrombosis (DVT) in order to decrease the risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) and the associated adverse effects, including the potential for fatal pulmonary embolism (PE). There is no consensus in the literature on the optimal time to resume chemical DVT prophylaxis in patients who present with intracranial hemorrhage requiring neurosurgical intervention. The practice is variable and practitioner dependent. There can be difficulty in balancing the increased risk of further intracranial hemorrhage versus the benefit of starting DVT prophylaxis to prevent VTE...

The aim of the study was to assess the time constant of cerebral arterial bed in TBI patients with cerebral vasospasm (CVS) with and without intracranial hematomas (ICH).We examined 84 patients with severe TBI (mean 35 ± 15 years, 53 men and 31 women). The first group included 41 patients without ICH and the second group included 43 patients with epidural (7) and subdural (36) hematomas.Perfusion computed tomography (PCT) was performed in 1-12 days after TBI in the first group and in 2-8 days after craniotomy in the second group...

Trauma to the skull causing injury to the middle meningeal artery, middle meningeal vein, or dural venous sinuses is responsible for most cases of epidural hemorrhage (EDH). Spontaneous EDH is a rare entity in clinical practice. Common causes include sinusitis, coagulation abnormalities, dural metastasis, and Langerhans cell histiocytosis. Isolated nontraumatic EDH is an exceedingly rare complication of sickle cell disease (SCD). We report a case of spontaneous EDH in a patient with SCD and review the world literature regarding this rare entity...

A 41-year-old woman experienced back pain upon waking up. Immediately afterward, she experienced a continual orthostatic headache. Thereafter, right ear fullness and dizziness also occurred. One month later, she became aware of repeated numbness that started in the right hand and spread to the right half of the body and lower limbs and continued for repeated periods of approximately 20-30 min. Neurological examination revealed no abnormal findings except for orthostatic headache. Electroencephalography showed no epileptic discharge...

Introduction: Epidural hematoma (EDH) is a traumatic accumulation of blood between the inner table of the skull and the stripped off dural membrane and predominantly consists of venous blood in infants. The study aims to assess the outcome of pediatric EDH using King's Outcome Scale for Childhood Head Injury (KOSCHI). Materials and Methods: A total of 72 patients' files were reviewed retrospectively with a diagnosis of EDH from January 2012 to December 2014. Predesigned proforma was filled using data from patient records...

PURPOSE: The vast amount of information found on the internet, combined with its accessibility, makes it a widely utilized resource for Americans to find information pertaining to medical information. The field of radiology is no exception. In this paper, we assess the readability level of websites pertaining specifically to emergency radiology. METHODS: Using Google, 23 terms were searched, and the top 10 results were recorded. Each link was evaluated for its readability level using a set of ten reputable readability scales...

The cerebrovascular time constant (τ) theoretically estimates how fast the cerebral arterial bed is filled by blood volume after a sudden change in arterial blood pressure during one cardiac cycle. The aim of this study was to assess the time constant of the cerebral arterial bed in patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) with and without intracranial hematomas (IH). We examined 116 patients with severe TBI (mean 35 ± 15 years, 61 men, 55 women). The first group included 58 patients without IH and the second group included 58 patients with epidural (7), subdural (48), and multiple (3) hematomas...

Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST) following a closed head injury in pediatric patients is a rare condition, and an early spontaneous recanalization of this condition is extremely rare. A 10-year-old boy was admitted with a mild, intermittent headache and nausea five days after a bicycle accident. The brain computed tomography showed an epidural hematoma at the right occipital area with pneumocephalus due to a fracture of the occipital skull bone. The brain magnetic resonance imaging and the magnetic resonance venography demonstrated a flow signal loss from the right sigmoid sinus to the right jugular vein...

BACKGROUND: Posterior fossa dural venous sinus thrombus is a well-described complication of head trauma, especially when fracture crosses the dural sinus grooves or in association with epidural hemorrhage. We have found that post-traumatic posterior fossa epidural hematoma compressing a dural venous sinus can mimic dural venous thrombus. OBJECTIVE: To discuss the CT and MRI findings of posterior fossa epidural hemorrhages simulating sinus thrombosis, to make radiologists aware of this important imaging pitfall...

OBJECTIVE: To study complications from spinal fluid drainage in open thoracic/thoracoabdominal and thoracic endovascular aortic aneurysm repairs to define risks of spinal fluid drainage. DESIGN: Retrospective, prospectively maintained, institutionally approved database. SETTING: Single institution university center. PARTICIPANTS: 724 patients treated from 1987 to 2013 INTERVENTIONS: The authors drained spinal fluid to a pressure≤6 mmHg during thoracic aortic occlusion/reperfusion in open and ≤8 mmHg after stent deployment in endovascular procedures...

The objective of this study was to determine whether the type of intracranial traumatic lesions, the number of simultaneous traumatic lesions, and the occurrence of skull and facial bone fractures have an influence on S100 calcium binding protein B (S100B) serum levels. Patients with blunt traumatic brain injury were prospectively enrolled into this cohort study over a period of 13 months. Venous blood samples were obtained prior to emergency cranial CT scan in all patients within 3 h after injury. The patients were then assigned into six groups: 1) concussion, 2) epidural hematoma, 3) subdural hematoma, 4) subarachnoid hemorrhage, 5) brain contusions, and 6) brain edema...

BACKGROUND: Intracranial subdural hematoma is an exceptionally rare but life-threating complication of epidural and spinal anesthesia. The diagnosis is rather difficult because the initial symptoms mimic post-dural puncture headache. CASE REPORT: A 33-year-old primipara was admitted to the hospital at 38 weeks gestation for a cesarean section due to premature rupture of membranes and meconium stained amniotic fluid. During the procedure a single puncture between L2 and L3 vertebrae was made with the use of a 26-gauge, pencil-point needle...

Spontaneous intracranial hypotension typically results from spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak, often at spine level and only rarely from skull base. Once considered rare, it is now diagnosed far more commonly than before and is recognized as an important cause of headaches. CSF leak leads to loss of CSF volume. Considering that the skull is a rigid noncollapsible container, loss of CSF volume is typically compensated by subdural fluid collections and by increase in intracranial venous blood which, in turn, causes pachymeningeal thickening, enlarged pituitary, and engorgement of cerebral venous sinuses on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)...