DHEA AND Testosterone

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine disorder in reproductive-age women impacting their reproductive, mental, and metabolic health. Insulin resistance is a major driver of the pathophysiology of PCOS. There are several challenges with the management of this complex disorder including insufficient treatment options. Over the past 88 years, multiple hormonal and non-hormonal medications have been tried to treat the various components of this syndrome and there is no FDA (Food and Drug Administration)-approved medication specifically for PCOS yet...

Current research suggests that polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) might originate in utero and implicates the placenta in its pathogenesis. Kisspeptin (KISS1) and neurokinin B (NKB) are produced by the placenta in high amounts, and they have been implicated in several pregnancy complications associated with placental dysfunction. However, their placental expression has not been studied in PCOS. We isolated mRNA after delivery from the placentae of 31 PCOS and 37 control women with term, uncomplicated, singleton pregnancies...

BACKGROUND: Internet addiction disorder (IAD) is characterized by an excess of uncontrolled preoccupations, urges, or behaviors related to computer use and Internet access that culminate in negative outcomes or individual distress. PIU includes excessive online activities (such as video gaming, social media use, streaming, pornography viewing, and shopping). The aim of this study was to analyze the association of gene polymorphisms that may influence the severity of risky behaviors in young men with the frequency of Internet use...

Endometriosis is a complex gynecological pathology with a broad spectrum of symptoms, affecting around 10% of reproductive-aged women. Ovarian cancer (OC) is a heterogeneous disease for which we lack effective diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. The etiology and pathogenesis of both diseases remain ambiguous. Androgens in endometriosis could have a distinct role beyond serving as estrogen sources, whereas in the case of serous OC could be important in the formation of precursor lesions which ultimately lead to tumor formation...

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the impact of thyroid autoimmunity (TAI) on reproductive outcome parameters of ICSI cycles as compared to TAI negative ICSI cycles. DESIGN: In this single IVF center retrospective study 86 infertile women with elevated TPOAb or TGAb levels, but euthyroid after thyroxine replacement (study group), were compared to 69 female patients with no thyroid abnormalities (controls). Following ICSI treatment fertilization rate (FR), clinical pregnancy rate (CPR), miscarriage rate (MR) and live birth rate (LBR) were analyzed...

INTRODUCTION: A high prevalence of increased DHEAS (dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate) levels (about a third of cases)has been reported in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). This excess of adrenal androgens remains a mystery in this ovarian pathology. It is well known that DHEAS production correlates negatively with age, and study populations of women with PCOS are generally young. To avoid this bias, a study was carried out on a large population of women with PCOS and control women, using normal DHEAS values for each age group, to better assess prevalence and better understand the link between PCOS and DHEAS...

Despite copious data linking brain function with changes to social behavior and mental health, little is known about how puberty relates to brain functioning. We investigated the specificity of brain network connectivity associations with pubertal indices and age to inform neurodevelopmental models of adolescence. We examined how brain network connectivity during a peer evaluation fMRI task related to pubertal hormones (dehydroepiandrosterone and testosterone), pubertal timing and status, and age. Participants were 99 adolescents assigned female at birth aged 9-15 (M = 12...

RATIONALE: High-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) has been demonstrated to be an alternative platform for quantitative analyses, identifying unknown compounds and gathering information for the elucidation of chemical structures. This work describes a method to detect 13 esters of testosterone (T) and 5 biomarkers in 0.1 mL of human serum using gas chromatography (GC) coupled to HRMS. METHODS: Analytes were extracted from serum after deproteinization and liquid-liquid extraction...

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to determine whether concentrations of testosterone and its main precursor after menopause, dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), are associated with lipoproteins and other lipids in community-dwelling older women. METHODS: The Sex Hormones in Older Women (SHOW) study was an observational study of 6358 Australian women, aged at least 70 years, with no prior major adverse cardiovascular event who had sex hormones measured by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry...

BACKGROUND: Knowledge of biological variation (BV) of hormones is essential for interpretation of laboratory tests and for diagnostics of endocrinological and reproductive diseases. There is a lack of robust BV data for many hormones in men. METHODS: We used serum samples collected weekly over 10 weeks from the European Biological Variation Study (EuBIVAS) to determine BV of testosterone, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), prolactin, luteinizing hormone (LH) and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-S) in 38 men...

Steroids that take part in the pathways of human steroidogenesis are involved in many biological mechanisms where they interact with calcium. In the present work the binding selectivities and affinities for calcium of progestagens, mineralocorticoids, androstagens and estrogens were studied by ESI-MS. The adduct profile of each steroid was characterized by high resolution and tandem mass spectrometry. The relative stability of the most important adducts was studied by threshold collision induced dissociation, E1/2...

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether alterations in non-esterified free fatty acids (NEFA) dynamics or degree of hyperandrogenism (HA) contribute to the difference in insulin sensitivity between metabolically healthy (MHO-PCOS) and metabolically unhealthy (MUO-PCOS) obese PCOS women. DESIGN: Prospective cross-sectional study. SUBJECTS: One hundred-and-twenty-five obese PCOS women. INTERVENTION: Consecutive obese (BMI≥30 kg/m2) oligo-ovulatory PCOS women (n=125) underwent oGTT and a subgroup of 16 participants underwent modified frequently samples intravenous glucose tolerance test (mFSIVGTT), to determine insulin action and NEFA dynamics...

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a set of endocrine disorder syndrome characterized by ovulation disorder. Increased insulin resistance (IR) and compensatory hyperinsulinemia play a vital role in the pathogenesis of PCOS. Therefore, insulin sensitizing agents have been studied in the treatment of PCOS. Berberine (BBR) has been proved to alleviate IR in patients with PCOS, but the mechanism remained unclear. This study was aimed to verify the regulatory mechanism of BBR on PCOS-IR rats. Firstly, we established a female rat PCOS-IR model induced by dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and found that estrus cycle was disrupted in the PCOS-IR group, serum fasting insulin (FINS) level and the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) index were significantly higher than normal control group...

OBJECTIVE: Comparison of hormonal, metabolic and inflammatory markers of glutathione with metformin and Diane-35 in a rat model of PCOS induced by dehydroepiandrosterone. METHODS: Twenty-five female rats were randomized into four groups. Group 1 was administered a subcutaneous dose of 0.2 ml saline/day. Group 2 was given 0.2 ml of 1% carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)/day orally for 28 days. A PCOS model was established with DHEA in rats. Group 3 was given 4...

CONTEXT: Androgen levels are generally measured in serum samples, but urine may be a more feasible option, especially in children, as it is a noninvasive alternative. OBJECTIVE: To assess the correlations of 10 urinary androgen metabolites with 4 serum androgens [dehydroepiandrosterone-sulfate (DHEA-S), androstenedione, and total and free testosterone] and assess if their correlations differ by participant characteristics. METHODS: Our study consisted of 44 girls, ages 6-13, who participated in the New York site of the LEGACY Girls Study and had both serum and urine samples collected at the same visit...

INTRODUCTION: Hyperandrogenism is a clinical state consequent to excess androgen production by the ovary, adrenals, or increased peripheral conversion of androgens. The varied manifestations of hyperandrogenism include seborrhea, acne, infertility, hirsutism, or overt virilization of which adult female acne, hirsutism, and female pattern hair loss are of clinical relevance to dermatologists. AREAS COVERED: We limited our narrative review to literature published during period from 1 January 1985 to Dec 2022 and searched PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science (WOS), Scopus, and Embase databases with main search keywords were 'Hyperandrogenism,' 'Female,' 'Biochemical,' 'Dermatological', and 'Dermatology...

OBJECTIVES: Current LC-MS/MS applications for circulating androgen measurements are technically diverse. Previously, variable results have been reported for testosterone. Data are scarce for androstenedione and absent for DHEAS. We assessed the agreement of androstenedione, DHEAS and testosterone LC-MS/MS measurements among nine European centers and explored benefits of calibration system unification. METHODS: Androgens were measured twice by laboratory-specific procedures in 78 patient samples and in EQA materials...

OBJECTIVE: Adrenocortical carcinoma is a rare condition, with limited comprehensive reports from Japan. This study aimed to review Japan's data on adrenocortical carcinoma by assessing information from 46 patients-with adrenocortical carcinoma across 10 Japanese university hospitals. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective multi-institutional analysis of the clinical characteristics of adrenocortical carcinoma in Japan. We evaluated data from 46 patients across 10 university hospitals over 10 years and analyzed the relationship between clinicopathological characteristics and overall survival...

Rates of alcohol use disorder (AUD) are increasing in men and women and there are high rates of concurrent posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and AUD. AUD and PTSD synergistically increase symptomatology and negatively affect treatment outcomes; however, there are very limited pharmacological treatments for PTSD/AUD. Neurosteroids have been implicated in the underlying neurobiological mechanisms of both PTSD and AUD and may be a target for treatment development. This review details the past ten years of research on pregnenolone, progesterone, allopregnanolone, pregnanolone, estradiol, testosterone and dehydroepiandrosterone/dehydroepiandrosterone-sulfate (DHEA/DHEA-S) in the context of PTSD and AUD, including examination of trauma/alcohol-related variables, such as stress-reactivity...

BACKGROUND: HIV is associated with alterations in androgen hormone levels and sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) in women. Higher SHBG has been associated with a lower risk of diabetes in the general population, but the contribution of HIV, androgen hormones, SHBG, and menopausal phase to diabetes is unclear. METHODS: From April 2003 through February 2020, 896 women with HIV (WWH) and 343 women without HIV (WWOH) from the Women's Interagency HIV Study with morning total testosterone (TT), dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS), and SHBG levels were followed to assess for incident diabetes...